Conditional Mean Spectra in Site-Specific Seismic Hazard Evaluation for a Major River Crossing in the Central United States

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youssef M. A. Hashash ◽  
Norman A. Abrahamson ◽  
Scott M. Olson ◽  
Steve Hague ◽  
Byungmin Kim
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Hazard ◽  
Mississippi River ◽  
Response Spectrum ◽  
Lateral Spreading ◽  
Hazard Evaluation ◽  
Seismic Zone ◽  
Conditional Mean ◽  
Central United States ◽  
Uniform Hazard Response Spectrum ◽  
Geologic Record

Current seismic design practice often relies on the use of the uniform hazard response spectrum (UHRS), which implicitly includes motions from multiple earthquake sources and envelops possible spectra, yet does not represent a single event. Seismic hazard analyses at the site of a major Mississippi River crossing near St. Louis, Missouri, showed bimodal seismic hazard dominated by small, nearby earthquakes at short periods and large, distant earthquakes in the New Madrid seismic zone at long periods. UHRS motions resulted in large seismic demands and predictions of pervasive liquefaction that were inconsistent with historical and geologic records. UHRS-compatible conditional mean spectra (CMS) were developed to bridge deterministic and probabilistic seismic hazard evaluations, and used to evaluate liquefaction, lateral spreading, and settlement potential. The computed response was consistent with the historical and geologic record. CMSs offer hazard-compatible alternatives to the UHRS and result in seismic demand consistent with historical and geologic evidence.

Quaternary Displacement on the Joiner Ridge Fault, Eastern Arkansas

2019 ◽  
Vol 90 (6) ◽  
pp. 2250-2261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Audrey C. Price ◽  
Edward W. Woolery ◽  
Ronald C. Counts ◽  
Roy B. Van Arsdale ◽  
Daniel Larsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mississippi River ◽  
Slip Rate ◽  
Radiometric Dating ◽  
Seismic Zone ◽  
S Wave ◽  
Apparent Slip ◽  
Reverse Faulting ◽  
Central United States ◽  
Late Wisconsinan ◽  
Seismic Reflection Profiles

ABSTRACT The New Madrid seismic zone of the central United States is an intraplate seismic zone with blind structures that are not seismically active but may pose seismic hazards. The Joiner ridge fault (JRF) is the 35‐kilometer‐long east‐bounding fault of the Joiner ridge blind horst located in eastern Arkansas ∼50  km northwest of Memphis, Tennessee. Shallow S‐wave (SH‐mode) seismic reflection profiles, continuous cores, and radiometric dating of Quaternary alluvium across the JRF reveal down‐to‐the‐east reverse faulting and folding of Eocene strata and overlying Quaternary Mississippi River alluvium. The base of the Quaternary alluvium has an age of 20.3 ka and is vertically displaced 12 m, resulting in an average slip rate of 0.6±0.1  mm/yr over the past 20.3 ka. The overlying upper Wisconsinan and Holocene alluvial facies are also displaced by the JRF. These facies increase in thickness across the JRF and were used to calculate late Wisconsinan and Holocene slip histories. The JRF slipped 7 m between 20.3 and 17.5 ka, 3 m between 12.3 and 11.5 ka, and 2 m between 11.5 and 8.9 ka. No apparent slip occurred on the JRF within the last 8.9 ka. This research illustrates that slip has been intermittent and that slip magnitudes on the JRF diminished through the late Wisconsinan and early Holocene.

scholarly journals Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Assessment for Amaravathi Region, Andhra Pradesh

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6S4) ◽  
pp. 279-283
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Hazard ◽  
Ground Motion ◽  
Seismic Analysis ◽  
Response Spectrum ◽  
Seismic Hazard Assessment ◽  
Prediction Equation ◽  
Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Assessment ◽  
Ground Acceleration ◽  
Uniform Hazard Response Spectrum ◽  
Seismic Hazard Map

This article explains an analytical attempt that estimates seismic hazard for Amaravathi city. The present study has been carried out contemplating the available faults and epicentral data within a radius of 300km of the Amaravathi region. The homogenous earthquake catalogue has been prepared for Amaravathi region by Steep’s method. The seismic hazard parameters ―a‖ and ―b‖ for Amaravathi city were evaluated by Gutenberg-Ritcher method. The ―a‖ and ―b‖ values obtained as 4.69, 0.6468 respectively. The total 353 epicenters and 31 faults were considered in this seismic analysis for the estimate of PSHA for Amaravathi. The ground motion produced by the faults at this site has been estimated by using the regionspecific Ground Motion Prediction Equation (GMPE) developed by the raghukanth and lyenger (2007). The probability of occurrence of different magnitude classes was estimated. The hazard curves and mean annual rate of exceedance for Peak Ground Acceleration were calculated by using ground motion estimated in this area. The Uniform Hazard Response Spectrum (UHRS) for the ranging time periods between 0.1 – 4 seconds was prepared. PGA values for Amaravati region was found to be in between 0.001g to 0.3g from seismic hazard map that was prepared in this study

Evaluation of Peak Ground Acceleration and Response Spectra Considering the Local Site Effects

2012 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Sitharam T. G. ◽  
Vipin K. S.
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Hazard ◽  
Peak Ground Acceleration ◽  
Site Effects ◽  
Response Spectrum ◽  
Response Spectra ◽  
Site Classification ◽  
Ground Acceleration ◽  
Local Site Effects ◽  
Local Site ◽  
Uniform Hazard Response Spectrum

The local site effects play an important role in the evaluation of seismic hazard. The proper evaluation of the local site effects will help in evaluating the amplification factors for different locations. This article deals with the evaluation of peak ground acceleration and response spectra based on the local site effects for the study area. The seismic hazard analysis was done based on a probabilistic logic tree approach and the peak horizontal acceleration (PHA) values at the bed rock level were evaluated. Different methods of site classification have been reviewed in the present work. The surface level peak ground acceleration (PGA) values were evaluated for the entire study area for four different site classes based on NEHRP site classification. The uniform hazard response spectrum (UHRS) has been developed for the city of Bangalore and the details are presented in this work.

Where was the 31 October 1895 Charleston, Missouri, Earthquake?

2019 ◽  
Vol 109 (4) ◽  
pp. 1479-1497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stacey S. Martin ◽  
Susan E. Hough
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Seismic Hazard ◽  
Macroseismic Data ◽  
Seismic Zone ◽  
Stress Regime ◽  
Southern Illinois ◽  
Current Stress ◽  
Magnitude Range ◽  
Central United States ◽  
Western Limb

AbstractWe revisit the magnitude and location of the 31 October 1895 Charleston, Missouri, earthquake, which is widely regarded to be the most recent Mw 6 or greater earthquake in the central United States. Although a study by Bakun et al. (2003) concluded that this earthquake was located in southern Illinois, more than 100 km north of the traditionally inferred location near Charleston, Missouri, our analysis of exhaustively compiled macroseismic data supports the traditionally inferred location, with a preferred magnitude of Mw≈5.8 and a preferred magnitude range of 5.4–6.1. Our preferred magnitude is derived from comparisons with intensity distributions from the 1925 Mw 6.2 Charlevoix, the 1944 Mw 5.8 Massena, and the 1968 Mw 5.3 southern Illinois earthquakes, macroseismic data of which we also revisited in this study. Based on the distribution of liquefaction, reports of damage, and early aftershocks, we also explore possible rupture scenarios for the 1895 earthquake. Our preferred scenario involves unilateral rupture to the northeast on a (reactivated) northeast‐striking fault (or faults) coinciding with structures associated with the western limb of the Reelfoot rift, with an epicenter south‐southeast of Charleston, Missouri. Our results support the conclusion that within the Reelfoot rift, elevated seismic hazard is not restricted to the New Madrid seismic zone as conventionally defined but continues into the Charleston region in southeastern Missouri, where faults associated with the western edge of the Reelfoot rift appear favorably oriented for failure in the current stress regime.

3D GEOLOGIC MAPPING IN AND ADJACENT TO THE NEW MADRID SEISMIC ZONE, CENTRAL UNITED STATES

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renee M. Reichenbacher ◽  
◽  
Valarie Harrison ◽  
Taylor Andrew Weathers ◽  
Roy B. Van Arsdale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New Madrid Seismic Zone ◽  
Seismic Zone ◽  
Geologic Mapping ◽  
Central United States ◽  
New Madrid
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