scholarly journals Fibromyalgia: psychiatrists should now be picking up the baton

2011 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 190-191
Author(s):  
Leigh A. Neal
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Pain Perception ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Biological Abnormality ◽  
The Brain

SummaryRecent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and positron emission tomography (PET) scan studies have demonstrated the importance of the modulation of pain perception by the emotional regions of the brain in fibromyalgia. In the absence of any other objective biological abnormality, is it time to review the respective roles of primary care, psychiatry and rheumatology in the classification, diagnosis and management of fibromyalgia?

Mind and Image

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-François Lambert
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Contemporary Culture ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
The Mind ◽  
The Brain

The spectacular improvements in Positron Emission Tomography and Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging over the last three decades have led researchers to a reconsideration of the brain and the mind. A form of neurophilia has made its way into contemporary culture. The brain is no longer envisaged as an organ a subject possesses, but as an entity with which he identifies, with which he is at one.

A Review on Brain Imaging Techniques for BCI Applications

2016 ◽  
pp. 39-70
Author(s):  
Saugat Bhattacharyya ◽  
Anwesha Khasnobish ◽  
Poulami Ghosh ◽  
Ankita Mazumder ◽  
D. N. Tibarewala
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Brain Imaging ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
The Brain

Evolution has endowed human race with the most adroit brain, and to harness its potential to the fullest the concept of brain computer interface (BCI) has emerged. One of the most crucial components of BCI is the technique of brain imaging. The first approach in the field of brain imaging was to measure the electrical and magnetic activity of the brain, the techniques being known as Electroencephalography and Magnetoencephalography. Striving for furtherance, researchers came up with another alternative known as Magnetic Resonance Imaging. But it being confined to only structural imaging, the functional aspects of brain were mapped using functional magnetic resonance imaging. A similar but comparatively newer neuroimaging modality is Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy. Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation neuro-physiological technique is based on the principle of electromagnetic induction. Based on nuclear medicine the brain imaging technologies that are widely explored in the world of BCI are Positron Emission Tomography and Single Positron Emission Tomography.

scholarly journals Imaging of brain oxygenation with magnetic resonance imaging: A validation with positron emission tomography in the healthy and tumoural brain

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (7) ◽  
pp. 2584-2597 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Valable ◽  
Aurélien Corroyer-Dulmont ◽  
Ararat Chakhoyan ◽  
Lucile Durand ◽  
Jérôme Toutain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Imaging Biomarker ◽  
C6 Glioma Cells ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
The Brain

The partial pressure in oxygen remains challenging to map in the brain. Two main strategies exist to obtain surrogate measures of tissue oxygenation: the tissue saturation studied by magnetic resonance imaging (StO2-MRI) and the identification of hypoxia by a positron emission tomography (PET) biomarker with 3-[18F]fluoro-1-(2-nitro-1-imidazolyl)-2-propanol ([18F]-FMISO) as the leading radiopharmaceutical. Nonetheless, a formal validation of StO2-MRI against FMISO-PET has not been performed. The objective of our studies was to compare the two approaches in (a) the normal rat brain when the rats were submitted to hypoxemia; (b) animals implanted with four tumour types differentiated by their oxygenation. Rats were submitted to normoxic and hypoxemic conditions. For the brain tumour experiments, U87-MG, U251-MG, 9L and C6 glioma cells were orthotopically inoculated in rats. For both experiments, StO2-MRI and [18F]-FMISO PET were performed sequentially. Under hypoxemia conditions, StO2-MRI revealed a decrease in oxygen saturation in the brain. Nonetheless, [18F]-FMISO PET, pimonidazole immunohistochemistry and molecular biology were insensitive to hypoxia. Within the context of tumours, StO2-MRI was able to detect hypoxia in the hypoxic models, mimicking [18F]-FMISO PET with high sensitivity/specificity. Altogether, our data clearly support that, in brain pathologies, StO2-MRI could be a robust and specific imaging biomarker to assess hypoxia.

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