Mental Disorder in the Adult Defective

1946 ◽  
Vol 92 (388) ◽  
pp. 551-563 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Rohan
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Infancy And Childhood ◽  
Separate Treatment ◽  
The Subject

This paper deals with the presence of insanity and allied mental disorders only in so far as found in adult defectives. The subject of psychotic states in defectives during infancy and childhood seems to demand a separate treatment.

Mental Disorders Associated with Marriage Engagements

1888 ◽  
Vol 34 (147) ◽  
pp. 394-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geo. H. Savage
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Medical Association ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
British Medical Association ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
The Subject

The frequency with which I am consulted about both men and women in whom an engagement of marriage has been associated with marked mental disorder, has induced me to bring the subject before this meeting of the Psychological Branch of the British Medical Association, especially as the subject naturally falls into a place in the larger subject suggested by Dr. A. Campbell Clark's papers on the perversions of the sexual and reproductive functions.

Mental Disorders Associated with Pernicious Anæmia

1931 ◽  
Vol 77 (318) ◽  
pp. 549-554 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norman R. Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Pernicious Anaemia ◽  
Intestinal Disease ◽  
Subacute Combined Degeneration ◽  
Blood Disease ◽  
The Subject

Since the introduction of the liver treatment for pernicious anæmia some four years ago that disease has received considerable publicity. It has been generally recognized as having three main clinical manifestations. Thus it may show itself as a blood disease, as a gastro-intestinal disease, or as a nervous lesion (subacute combined degeneration of the cord). It is, however, by no means generally recognized that pernicious anæmia has yet another way of manifesting itself, viz., by the occurrence of mental disorder. The object of this paper is to emphasize this fourth aspect of pernicious anæmia. In this country the subject has not hitherto received the consideration which is due to it. Nevertheless, a number of observers in other countries have shown, both by their own personal observations and from statistics, that mental disorders are frequently met with in the course of pernicious anæmia. The degree of mental affection varies in different cases. There may be merely a modification of character, with irritability and changing mood. W. Richardson would include in this mild group many patients described as uncooperative.

scholarly journals The misguided attempt to replace psychopathological evaluation with DSM

Salud Mental ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 139-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Lóyzaga Mendoza ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Therapeutic Approach ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Clinical Interview ◽  
Objective Information ◽  
Study Programs ◽  
The Subject

The syllabus for training psychiatrists in the 21st century has changed radically in recent decades. Although advances in neurosciences using various techniques to address the etiology and physiopathology of mental disorders have provided objective information to locate them in their corresponding place in medical pathology, certain essential elements of medicine have been lost, such as a broad clinical interview and a detailed semiology, both of which are essential to arriving at a correct diagnosis and providing an accurate therapeutic approach. On the subject of loss, there is an increasing disincorporation from study programs in the specialty from disciplines such as philosophy, sociology, and anthropology, which nourishes psychiatry and give it a crucial multidisciplinary quality to understand the person suffering a mental disorder.

scholarly journals The Perceptions of Special Education Teachers Working in Psychiatric Hospitals about Integrating a Children’s Book about Mental Disorders in the Curriculum

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 46
Author(s):  
Baratz Lea
Keyword(s):  
Special Education ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Special Education Teachers ◽  
Psychiatric Hospitals ◽  
Children's Books ◽  
Children's Book ◽  
The Subject

This study examined the issue of using a children's book as a mediating tool for working with children with a mental disorder who attend schools located within psychiatric hospitals. How they use to implement the book in the lesson, how parents collaborated with the teachers in the process of teaching this book. Teachers in the special education framework lack the necessary tools to cope with the emotional world of children who have a mental illness. A module on the subject of bibliotherapy and the use of children's books as a mediating tool should be added to the training program for special education teachers.

scholarly journals Impact of arthritis on the perceived need and use of mental healthcare among Canadians with mental disorders: nationally representative cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. e041371
Author(s):  
Alyssa Howren ◽  
J Antonio Aviña-Zubieta ◽  
Deborah Da Costa ◽  
Joseph H Puyat ◽  
Hui Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Mental Healthcare ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Perceived Need ◽  
Mental Health Support ◽  
Health Support

ObjectiveTo evaluate the association between having arthritis and the perceived need for mental healthcare and use of mental health support among individuals with mental disorders.DesignA cross-sectional analysis using data from Canadian Community Health Survey—Mental Health (2012).SettingThe survey was administered across Canada’s 10 provinces using multistage cluster sampling.ParticipantsThe study sample consisted of individuals reporting depression, anxiety or bipolar disorder.Study variables and analysisThe explanatory variable was self-reported doctor-diagnosed arthritis, and outcomes were perceived need for mental healthcare and use of mental health support. We computed overall and gender-stratified multivariable binomial logistic regression models adjusted for age, gender, race/ethnicity, income and geographical region.ResultsAmong 1774 individuals with a mental disorder in the study sample, 436 (20.4%) reported having arthritis. Arthritis was associated with increased odds of having a perceived need for mental healthcare (adjusted OR (aOR) 1.71, 95% CI 1.06 to 2.77). In the gender-stratified models, this association was increased among men (aOR 2.69, 95% CI 1.32 to 5.49) but not women (aOR 1.48, 95% CI 0.78 to 2.82). Evaluation of the association between arthritis and use of mental health support resulted in an aOR of 1.50 (95% CI 0.89 to 2.51). Individuals with arthritis tended to use medications and professional services as opposed to non-professional support.ConclusionComorbid arthritis among individuals with a mental disorder was associated with an increased perceived need for mental healthcare, especially in men, underscoring the importance of understanding the role of masculinity in health seeking. Assessing the mental health of patients with arthritis continues to be essential for clinical care.

Tobacco smoking and mental disorders in Australian adolescents

2021 ◽  
pp. 000486742110096
Author(s):  
David Lawrence ◽  
Sarah E Johnson ◽  
Francis Mitrou ◽  
Sharon Lawn ◽  
Michael Sawyer
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Tobacco Smoking ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Current Smoking ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
Current Tobacco

Objectives: This study aimed to (1) examine the strength of the association between mental disorders/mental health problems, risk behaviours and tobacco smoking among Australian adolescents, (2) compare rates of tobacco smoking among Australian adolescents with major depressive disorder, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and/or conduct disorder in 2013/14 vs 1998, and (3) identify the extent to which an association between tobacco smoking and mental health problems among adolescents can be attributed to non-mental health risk factors. Methods: The study utilised data from the first (1998) and second (2013/14) child and adolescent components of the National Surveys of Mental Health and Wellbeing. Both surveys identified nationally representative samples of Australian young people aged 4–17 years, living in private dwellings. Information was collected from parents and 13- to 17-year-olds about mental disorders, mental health problems, risk behaviours and tobacco smoking. Results: In the 2013/14 survey, the rate of current tobacco smoking among those with a mental disorder was 20% compared to 5% in those without a mental disorder. Rates were highest for young people with conduct disorder (50%), major depressive disorder (24%) and anxiety disorders (19%). In 2013/14, 38% of current tobacco smokers had a mental disorder and 32% reported self-harm and/or suicidal ideation vs 10% and 5%, respectively, among adolescents who had never smoked. Females with mental disorders or reporting self-harm or suicidal ideation had higher rates of current smoking than males. Other significant factors associated with current smoking included school-related problems, binge eating and having had more than one sexual partner. Conclusion: While smoking rates in 13- to 17-year-olds with mental disorders had declined since 1998, the strength of the association between mental disorders and smoking had increased, especially among females. Our findings highlight the need to address the tobacco smoking among adolescents with mental disorders, particularly females.

scholarly journals Architecture and Mental Disorders: A Systematic Study of Peer-Reviewed Literature

2020 ◽  
pp. 193758672097376
Author(s):  
Mais M. Aljunaidy ◽  
Mohamad Nadim Adi
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Interior Design ◽  
Systematic Study ◽  
Physical Environment ◽  
Architectural Design ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Environment Design ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Physical Environments

Objectives: To perform a systematic study about the contribution of architecture and interior design researchers in studying the effect of physical environment on mental disorders. Background: Mental disorders are a major health problem worldwide and related to severe distress, functional disabilities, and heavy economical burdens. Studies propose that physical environment design can trigger or reduce mental disorder symptoms. However, there is a lack of knowledge about the extent of architectural design research contribution to all types of mental disorder prevention or intervention. Methods: A team of cross-disciplinary researchers gathered information from peer-reviewed manuscripts about the effect of architectural design on enhancing or reducing mental disorder symptoms. Data were collected from manuscripts published between 2008 and 2020 (research related to the topic became clearer in quality and quantity then). Keywords including architecture, interior design, physical environment, and mental disorders were used in the systematic search. Databases were collected using online resources. Numerical data collected from quantitative studies were organized in tables. Results: Our data showed that there were a lot of studies about dementia and autism; few studies about schizophrenia, anxiety, stress-related disorders, and depressive disorders; and no studies about the rest of the mental disorders. General environment followed by housing facility design were the most assessed physical environments for mental disorders. Conclusions: As all mental disorders can have a significant impact on the society, we conclude that architectural studies should focus more on improving or preventing the symptoms of all types of mental disorders through the design of physical environments.

scholarly journals Between Punishment and Care: Autonomous Offenders Who Commit Crimes Under the Influence of Mental Disorder

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Hartvigsson
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Criminal Responsibility ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Involuntary Treatment ◽  
Psychiatric Condition ◽  
Psychiatric Institutions

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to present a solution to a problem that arises from the fact that people who commit crimes under the influence of serious mental disorders may still have a capacity to refuse treatment. Several ethicists have argued that the present legislation concerning involuntary treatment of people with mental disorder is discriminatory and should change to the effect that psychiatric patients can refuse care on the same grounds as patients in somatic care. However, people with mental disorders who have committed crimes and been exempted from criminal responsibility would then fall outside the scope of criminal justice as well as that of the psychiatric institutions if they were to refuse care. In this paper, I present and develop a solution to how society should deal with this group of people, called Advance criminal responsibility. The basic idea being that if a person with a potentially responsibility exempting psychiatric condition refuses care, that person is responsible for any future criminal acts which are due to the mental disorder.

scholarly journals Latent profiles of early developmental vulnerabilities in a New South Wales child population at age 5 years

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (6) ◽  
pp. 530-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa J Green ◽  
Stacy Tzoumakis ◽  
Kristin R Laurens ◽  
Kimberlie Dean ◽  
Maina Kariuki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Early Development ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
New South ◽  
Criminal Offending ◽  
Parental History ◽  
South Wales ◽  
History Of

Objective: Detecting the early emergence of childhood risk for adult mental disorders may lead to interventions for reducing subsequent burden of these disorders. We set out to determine classes of children who may be at risk for later mental disorder on the basis of early patterns of development in a population cohort, and associated exposures gleaned from linked administrative records obtained within the New South Wales Child Development Study. Methods: Intergenerational records from government departments of health, education, justice and child protection were linked with the Australian Early Development Census for a state population cohort of 67,353 children approximately 5 years of age. We used binary data from 16 subdomains of the Australian Early Development Census to determine classes of children with shared patterns of Australian Early Development Census–defined vulnerability using latent class analysis. Covariates, which included demographic features (sex, socioeconomic status) and exposure to child maltreatment, parental mental illness, parental criminal offending and perinatal adversities (i.e. birth complications, smoking during pregnancy, low birth weight), were examined hierarchically within latent class analysis models. Results: Four classes were identified, reflecting putative risk states for mental disorders: (1) disrespectful and aggressive/hyperactive behaviour, labelled ‘misconduct risk’ ( N = 4368; 6.5%); (2) ‘pervasive risk’ ( N = 2668; 4.0%); (3) ‘mild generalised risk’ ( N = 7822; 11.6%); and (4) ‘no risk’ ( N = 52,495; 77.9%). The odds of membership in putative risk groups (relative to the no risk group) were greater among children from backgrounds of child maltreatment, parental history of mental illness, parental history of criminal offending, socioeconomic disadvantage and perinatal adversities, with distinguishable patterns of association for some covariates. Conclusion: Patterns of early childhood developmental vulnerabilities may provide useful indicators for particular mental disorder outcomes in later life, although their predictive utility in this respect remains to be established in longitudinal follow-up of the cohort.

The impact of stigma and discrimination on the quality of life and social disability in persons with a diagnosis of mental disorder. A pilot study

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S571-S571
Author(s):  
T.M. Gondek ◽  
K. Kotowicz ◽  
A. Kiejna
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Public Information ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Social Disability ◽  
Stigma And Discrimination ◽  
The Impact

Stigma and discrimination of persons diagnosed with mental disorder is a common issue. In many European countries, research studies on the prevalence and implications of this problem are conducted in order to better understand how to overcome it. In Poland, there is a scarcity of such studies, what results in neglecting this issue by the policy makers. The objective of the study is to assess the prevalence of stigma and discrimination affecting the patients hospitalized in psychiatric day units and in-patient wards between 2016–2017 as well as to analyze the relationship between the stigma and the quality of life and social disability in persons with a mental disorder diagnosis of F20–F48 according to ICD-10, aged 18–65, in a day ward and an in-patient ward settings. The pilot study presents the data gathered from a preliminary sample of 20 patients of both genders diagnosed with the aforementioned mental disorders, equaling 10 per cent of the targeted total study sample. The quality of life is assessed with WHOQOL-Bref, WHO-5 questionnaire and Rosenberg self-esteem scale, while social disability is measured with the second version of the Groningen Social Disabilities Schedule. The assessment of the impact of stigma on the social disability of persons with mental disorders and their quality of life can be useful in the context of developing evidence-based interventions for these persons, while it could also provide the scientific data to support public information campaigns aiming at tackling the stigma against persons with mental disorders in Poland.Disclosure of InterestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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