Character Assessment from Handwriting

1945 ◽  
Vol 91 (382) ◽  
pp. 22-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Marum
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Human Nature ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Present Writer ◽  
Statistical Comparison ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Objective Control ◽  
Inductive Methods ◽  
Character Assessment

Graphology, the theory and practice of diagnosing character from handwriting, is gradually developing from its initial stage, in which it had been the mysterious art of a few people who claimed to be especially gifted, into a science which can be taught and studied. The widespread mistrust of it is partly justified by this state of development. From a scientific point of view it needs more precision of method and terminology as well as corroboration of its results by objective methods. The description of the character as a whole and assessment of the significance of single features still depend to a large extent on the graphologist's experience and knowledge of human nature as well as on his stylistic abilities, and some other subjective factors. Moreover, only part of the accepted graphological interpretations have been based on inductive methods using statistical comparison, experiment and the like; for the rest, they have regarded handwriting as the more or less unwitting expression of the subject's personality, and they have attempted to assess this either by empathy, or by an effort to understand and explain which might itself be founded on the graphologist's private philosophy or on the psychoanalytical system. The results obtained in this way called for corroboration by statistical evidence. The present writer therefore welcomed Dr. Eysenck's suggestion to submit her graphological reports to objective control in the following way: She was to answer a questionnaire on the temperamental qualities of 50 neurotic patients, a sample of whose handwriting was given her, assess their intelligence, give a short character description, and, last of all, match the specimens of handwriting against anonymous summaries of the case-records of the patients. Her results were then compared with the patients' own answers to the questionnaire, their score in the Progressive Matrices Test, and the psychiatrist's description of the patient's character. Dr. Eysenck has reported the numerical results. In the present paper the validity of the graphological opinion on personality traits confirmed by at least one of the sources of control will be examined, and the handwriting signs of these traits will be set forth.

Effect of autumn feeding on dynamics of rectal congestion with excrement in carpathian breed honey bees

2020 ◽  
pp. 26-28
Author(s):  
Olesya V Strelbitskaya ◽  
◽  
Vladimir I. Kravchenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Complex Activity ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Apple Cider ◽  
Sugar Syrup ◽  
Main Indicator ◽  
Biological Laws ◽  
Honey Solution ◽  
Bee Colonies

Basic biological laws that govern the life of the bee family, as well as considering it as a whole organism, are necessary instruments for implementing effective methods of beekeeping and increasing the productivity of the industry. The study of the exterior features of bees must be carried out from different points of view for the concept of the complex activity of the bee family and in order to recommend methods for improving the preparation of bees for winter. Study of the mass of working bees and their rectum began to be used as the main indicator that affects the nature of the preparation of bee individuals for wintering. From the point of view of both theory and practice, filling the rectum with excrement in the autumn period will be an important indicator of an effective wintering in terms of preserving and further developing bee colonies. Effect of two kinds of liquid top feeding acidified with apple cider vinegar on the rectum congestion with excrement in working bees in the autumn, and the safety of bee colonies after winter was discussed in the article. The results of the indicators of the mass of working bees and intestinal mass when feeding two types of top dressing in the form of sugar syrup and honey solution with the addition of apple cider vinegar for the purpose of acidification are presented. The dynamics of rectal congestion in this group of bees is less compared to the group of bees receiving food in the form of sugar syrup. After wintering, during the spring audit, it was found that the safety of bees fed the autumn top dressing in the form of a honey solution with the addition of apple cider vinegar was 95% compared to bee families that received sugar syrup, the safety was 80.5%, with the detection of liquid excrement on the walls of hives and honeycombs

Assessment of Roma Children from Socially Disadvantageous Environment

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-139
Author(s):  
Ján Ferjenčík
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Assessment ◽  
Psychological Functioning ◽  
Social Attitudes ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Recent Theory ◽  
Assessment Practice ◽  
Teaching Expertise ◽  
Financial Conditions ◽  
Roma People

AbstractIntroduction:Psychological assessment of Roma children belongs to the most controversial topics in recent theory and practice of school psychology in Slovakia. The paper discusses the problem from the three main aspects.Discussion:The first of them raises into question the usability of “general intelligence” construct in the assessment practice. It is shown that from the psychometric point of view it is improper to represent couple of qualitatively different attributes by sole number. Moreover, intelligence as a construct refers to general mental achievement of child here and now but it says nothing about the causes and reasons of the achievement.The second part is devoted to the problem of test adaptation. The author draws attention to the fact that Roma people are the minority with own characteristics, including language, style of life, customs and values. Due to this, it is necessary to use in the psychological assessment solely well adapted psychological tests with special norms for Roma children.The third topic discusses the position of psychologists in decision-making with regard to the type of education of a particular child.Limitations:Because education is realized in a broad social context (policy, social attitudes and expectations, material and financial conditions, teaching expertise, etc.), many of these factors are out of psychologists´ direct control and competencies. Due to this, the primary task in the psychological assessment of Roma pupils should not be based on the question about the advisability of their special education. Instead of this, the psychologist should be concerned more on the proper description and explanation of children’s psychological functioning and, following this, on formulating individual and particular recommendations how and what cognitive, emotional or motivational elements it is necessary to develop at school.

Formacja prawnika wyzwaniem czasów

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 267-286
Author(s):  
Stanisław Leszek Stadniczeńko
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Young People ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Job Market ◽  
Social Lives ◽  
New Vision ◽  
Political Disputes

The author considers the questions relating to the formation of lawyers’ professional traits from the point of view of the significance which human capital and investment in this capital hold in contemporary times. It follows from the analyses, which were carried out, that the dire need for taking up actions with the aim to shape lawyers appears one of the most vital tasks. This requires taking into account visible trends in the changing job market. Another aspect results from the need for multilevel qualifications and conditions behind lawyers’ actions and their decisions. Thus, colleges of higher education which educate prospective lawyers, as well as lawyers’ corporations, are confronted by challenges of forming, in young people, features that are indispensable for them to be valuable lawyers and not only executors of simple activities. The author points to the fact that lawyers need shaping because, among others, during their whole social lives and realization of professional tasks their personality traits and potential related to communication will constantly manifest through accepting and following or rejecting and opposing values, principles, reflexions, empathy, sensitivity, the farthest-fetched imagination, objectivism, cooperation, dialogue, distancing themselves from political disputes, etc. Students of the art of law should be characterized by a changed mentality, new vision of law – service to man, and realization of standards of law, as well as perception of the importance of knowledge, skills, attitudes and competences.

La enseñanza de la ética profesional a estudiantes de derecho: análisis de caso

2018 ◽  
pp. 145
Author(s):  
Juan Pablo Beca
Keyword(s):  
Professional Ethics ◽  
Ethics Education ◽  
Teaching Experience ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Ethics Course ◽  
Approach Theory ◽  
Competency Based ◽  
Catholic Tradition ◽  
The Way

ResumenEl trabajo analiza el curso Ética Profesional en la carrera de Derecho en la Universidad Católica de Temuco. Examina la forma como se abordaba la ética profesional antes de la creación del curso, y lo que ha ocurrido con él a través de sucesivos cambios curriculares y la introducción del modelo por competencias. El curso aporta al sello identitario, mediante un enfoque multidisciplinario. El curso ha vinculado teoría y práctica, desde que comenzó a implementarse, hasta llegar actualmente a comprenderlo en la lógica de competencias. Esta mirada implica formar a los estudiantes para resolver dilemas éticos, lo que se hace mediante la metodología del ver–juzgar–actuar. Esta metodología de discernimiento es propia de la tradicióncatólica, pero se usa en este contexto sin un cariz religioso. El método en cuestión permite ir educando la autonomía a fn de tomar decisiones. Se analiza la importancia de contextualizar la enseñanza ética y la forma como esto se ha hecho en el curso. Finalmente se aborda la relevancia de formar la conciencia ética de los estudiantes.Palabras clave: Experiencia de enseñanza – Ética profesional –Método de discernimient.ResumoO artigo analisa o curso de Ética Profssional na Escola de Direito na Universidade Católica de Temuco. Examina a forma de como abordar a ética profssional antes da criação do curso, e o que tem acontecido com ele através de sucessivas mudanças curriculares e a introdução do modelo de competências. O curso aporta ao selo de identidade, através de uma abordagem multidisciplinar. O curso tem ligado teoria e prática, desde que começou a se programar até chegar atualmente a compreendê-lo na lógica de competência. Este olhar implica formar aos estudantes para resolver dilemas éticos, o que é feito pela metodologia do ver-julgar-agir. Este método de discernimento é próprio da tradição Católica, mas é usado neste contexto, sem um aspecto religioso. O método em questão permite ir educando na autonomia com a fnalidade de tomar decisões. Analisa-se a importância de contextualizar o ensino da ética e a forma como isso tem sido feito no curso. Finalmente se aborda a relevância de formar consciência ética dos estudantes.Palavras-chave: Experiência de ensino - Ética Profssional - Método de discernimento.AbstractThis paper analyses the Professional Ethics course at the School of Law of Universidad Católica de Temuco. It reviews the way in which ethics was addressed before the course was created, and what has happened with it through the subsequent curricular changes and the implementation of a competency based model. The course contributes to the seal of identity through a multidisciplinary approach. Theory and practice have been progressively bound together since the course was introduced, to reach a point, nowadays, in which the course is understood within the logic of competencies. This point of view implies educating students for solving ethical dilemmas, which is done through the see–judge–act methodology. This discernment methodology belongs to the Roman Catholic tradition, but is used in this context without its religious complexion. This method allows educating autonomy in order to make decisions. It also analyses the importance of contextualizing ethics education and the way in which this has been done in the course. Finally, it addresses the relevance ofcreating an ethical consciousness of the students.Keywords: Teaching experience – Professional Ethics – Discernment method

The Nature of Degrowth: Theorising the Core of Nature for the Degrowth Movement

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pasi Heikkurinen
Keyword(s):  
Human Nature ◽  
Culturally Sensitive ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Future ◽  
Radical Reduction ◽  
Nature Experience ◽  
Matter Energy

This article investigates human–nature relations in the light of the recent call for degrowth, a radical reduction of matter–energy throughput in over-producing and over-consuming cultures. It outlines a culturally sensitive response to a (conceived) paradox where humans embedded in nature experience alienation and estrangement from it. The article finds that if nature has a core, then the experienced distance makes sense. To describe the core of nature, three temporal lenses are employed: the core of nature as ‘the past’, ‘the future’, and ‘the present’. It is proposed that while the degrowth movement should be inclusive of temporal perspectives, the lens of the present should be emphasised to balance out the prevailing romanticism and futurism in the theory and practice of degrowth.

An Islamic Framework for Employer-Employee Relationships

1992 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 202-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Ramzan Akhtar
Keyword(s):  
Human Nature ◽  
Wage Structure ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Employee Relationships ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Islamic Institutions

IntroductionIslamic teachings envisage a balanced society achieved through thefunctioning of Islamic institutions. This paper visualizes three main institutions:ukhiwah, ‘adl, and ihsan. Ukhuwah (brotherhood) promotes the bonds ofbrotherhood, and ‘adl (justice) enforces a system of individual and socialobligations. Islam stresses the importance of meeting one’s obligations, becauseeach obligation has its corresponding right. Thus, an individual’s effort to meethidher obligations leads to the fulfillment of everyone’s rights. This does notmean that Islam forbids one from demanding hidher rights, even though thisdemand does pose a problem related to human nature: an individual wants his/herrights and also some part of another person’s rights. Therefore, one group’sdemand for its rights tends to encroach upon the rights of another group, whichcauses social friction and disorder. The institution of ihsan (benevolence) goesone step further: it exhorts individuals to forego their rights for the sake of others,which is considered an act of piety.This paper will study employer-employee relationships in the light of thethree institutions mentioned above. A framework for conducting employer-employeerelationships is formulated and is then used to determine, from theIslamic point of view, the proper wages. The findings of this paper show thatan economically efficient and equitable wage structure can evolve within thisframework and that such a wage structure would promote the parties’ mutualrelationships which, in turn, would lead to industrial peace.The body of the paper is organized as follows: a review of the existingliterature on the subject, the development of an Islamic framework for employer-employeerelationships, a discussion of the Islamic approach to wagecompensation, and some concluding remarks ...

Theory and Practice of Quality Management in Lifelong Learning at a Public University

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-73
Author(s):  
Petr Adamec
Keyword(s):  
Lifelong Learning ◽  
Public University ◽  
Further Education ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
University Policy ◽  
Higher Education Act ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Learning Programs ◽  
Education Act

The core issue of this paper is a quality in the lifelong learning. The aim of the contribution is to describe the area, level and dimensions of quality in a wide range of lifelong learning programs, respectively of further education, which are realized in the sense of § 60 and 60a of the Higher Education Act. The content of the paper also focuses on the theoretical and practical starting points of the quality phenomenon, both from the historical point of view and especially from the perspective of the current focus and concept of university policy in the European and Czech region. The paper also presents the results of a survey focusing on approaches to the quality assurance systems in the concept of components at selected public university.

scholarly journals Comparative Personality Traits Assessment of Three Species of Communally Housed Captive Penguins

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 376
Author(s):  
Giovanni Quintavalle Pastorino ◽  
Richard Preziosi ◽  
Massimo Faustini ◽  
Giulio Curone ◽  
Mariangela Albertini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Behavioral Characteristics ◽  
Specific Expression ◽  
Fundamental Factor ◽  
Animal Management ◽  
Group Life ◽  
Animal Personalities ◽  
Health And Well Being

Understanding animal personalities has notable implications in the ecology and evolution of animal behavior, but personality studies can also be useful in optimizing animal management, with the aim of improving health and well-being, and optimizing reproductive success, a fundamental factor in the species threatened with extinction. Modern zoos are increasingly being structured with enclosures that host different species, which permanently share spaces. This condition has undeniable positive aspects, but, in some species, it could determine the appearance of collective or synchronized behaviors. The aim of this study was to verify, in a colony of three species of communally housed penguins (Pygoscelis papua, Aptenodytes patagonicus and Eudyptes moseleyi), through a trait-rating assessment, if interspecific group life impacts on the expression of personality traits, and if it is possible to highlight specie-specific expression of personality traits, despite the influence of forced cohabitation. For many of the personality traits we analyzed, we have observed that it was possible to detect an expression that differed, according to the species. From a practical point of view, these data could ameliorate the management of the animals, allowing to design animal life routines, according to the different behavioral characteristics of the cohabiting species.

Journey towards best practices in acting on early warning signs in complex projects within a Russian context

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 828-843 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gulnara Sharaborova ◽  
Derek H.T. Walker ◽  
Guinevere Gilbert
Keyword(s):  
Early Warning ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Warning Signs ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Doctoral Study ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Early Warning Signs ◽  
Complex Projects ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Phd Thesis

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to provide a summary report and reflect on a recently passed PhD thesis (Sharaborova, 2014b) related to project management topics. Design/methodology/approach – This paper focussed on narrative reflection upon the completed doctoral journey. Findings – This paper presents the thesis findings, the research models, the guide in dealing with the early warning signs that developed as a result of this research and the contribution made to theory and practice. Research limitations/implications – Limitations of the research and the perspectives of the further diffusion of the research findings are considered. Originality/value – This TRN is a PhD candidate’s point of view as well as the opinions of the scientific research supervisors about the doctoral study and its outcome. The paper could be useful for novice researchers who wish to conduct their research and did not yet make a decision.

The speciation continuum and species relations between populations: in search of agreement between the theory and practice of systematics

2021 ◽  
pp. 173-179
Author(s):  
Oleksandr Zinenko
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Isolation ◽  
Species Concept ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Hybrid Origin ◽  
Isolated Populations ◽  
As Species ◽  
Mitochondrial Cytochrome B ◽  
Traditional Taxonomy

From an evolutionary point of view, the achievement of species status by a group of populations is an ongoing process (except for rare cases of instantaneous speciation), during which isolated populations acquire traits and adaptations that minimize gene flow between them. However, depending on the group, the ways and timing of the gaining of reproductive isolation may be different. In such a complex group for systematics as small vipers (genus Vipera, subgenus Pelias), there are a number of problematic situations for species delimitation: the ability to form hybrids and hybrid populations between species, adaptive hybridization and hybrid speciation, and possible traces of reversed speciation, which indicate that complete and irreversible reproductive isolation may not be achieved at all. The effectiveness of reproductive isolation largely depends on external factors, mostly related to the range spatial structure, ecology of species in areas of sympatry, as well as climatic conditions and their changes, landscape dynamics, etc. The only species concept that allows to describe new species in the absence of reproductive isolation, recognizes the possibility of hybrid and reverse speciation — de Queiroz unified species concept — is practically unsuitable due to the need to consider as species a large number of isolated populations. Therefore, the solution is a conservative approach in practical taxonomy, which takes into account as a species criterion the ecological divergence of species, the possibility of their sympatric existence, which is usually achieved at 5% divergence of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene. Stabilized hybrid populations occupying distinct ecological niche different from those of parental species also deserve recognition as species of hybrid origin. Not only species deserves to be protected, but also a distinguishable and diverged group of populations — Evolutionary Significant Unit (ESU) or subspecies in traditional taxonomy.

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