Note upon Hæmatoma of the Dura Mater

1892 ◽  
Vol 38 (162) ◽  
pp. 397-399
Author(s):  
Edwin Goodall
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Cortex ◽  
Dura Mater ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Morbid Condition ◽  
Amorphous Substance ◽  
Inner Surface ◽  
The Right

The following facts appear noteworthy as bearing upon the morbid condition going by the names “hæmatoma of the dura mater” and “pachymeningitis hæmorrhagica interna.” In the course of recent experiments I have had occasion to incise the dura mater of (anæsthetized) rabbits and apply Sp. Vin. Gallic. or diluted cantharidin to the cerebral cortex through the aperture so made. On killing one of the animals after the lapse of 48 hours and opening the skull almost the whole of the right hemisphere (that operated upon) was seen to be covered with dark-red clot. This term is justified by the appearance of the exudate, whatever its origin may have been. On incising and reflecting the dura mater it was found that the clot lined the inner surface of that membrane, and had no connection with the subjacent structures. The vessels of the dura were unduly prominent and numerous, but there was no swelling of the membrane, and, apart from the clot, its inner surface was free from exudate. The clot was raised without difficulty, and washed gently in water; the colouring matter came gradually out, and left a delicate, greyish-pink, translucent, continuous pseudo-membrane of sufficient consistence to permit of manipulation. This was divided into two portions, which were stained with hæmatoxylin and safranin respectively. Microscopically the pseudo-membrane was found to consist of red and white corpuscles (the former in considerable majority), a meshwork of fibres (fibrin, apparently), and an amorphous substance, uniformly stained.

scholarly journals Intracranial subdural osteoma

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 205873922092685
Author(s):  
Yunna Yang ◽  
Zheng Gu ◽  
Yinglun Song
Keyword(s):  
Dura Mater ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Benign Neoplasms ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Inner Surface ◽  
History Of ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
T1 Hyperintensity ◽  
The Right

Subdural osteomas are extremely rare benign neoplasms. Here, we report the case of a 35-year-old female patient with a right frontal and parietal subdural osteoma. The patient presented with a 2-year history of intermittent headache and fatigue. Computerized tomography (CT) scan showed a high-density lesion attached to the inner surface of the right frontal and parietal skull. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrated T1 hyperintensity and T2 hypointensity of the lesion. Intraoperatively, the hard mass was located in subdural space and attached to the dura mater. Histopathological examination revealed lamellated bony trabeculae lined by osteoblasts and the intertrabecular marrow spaces occupied by adipose tissue. The patient underwent neurosurgical resection and recovered without complication. Surgical excision is recommended to extract the symptomatic lesions with overlying dura mater.

scholarly journals On the casuistry of progressive paralysis (several cases with acute and prolonged course)

2021 ◽  
Vol XII (2) ◽  
pp. 197-208
Author(s):  
G. A. Dedov
Keyword(s):  
Dura Mater ◽  
Great Difficulty ◽  
Pathological Changes ◽  
Serous Fluid ◽  
Pia Mater ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
Inner Surface ◽  
Cortical Substance ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Brain

28 / VII. The patient died at 6.30 am. Opening 28 / VII. Great emaciation; stiffness is poorly expressed; on the sacrum and on the right trochanter bedsores. The bones of the cranial vault are thickened, diple is almost absent. Dura mater is spliced ​​in some places with the inner surface of the vault and with the pia mater. The last one is thickened, cloudy (milky stripes), it is removed from the surface of the brain with great difficulty. Brain weight 1397.0; its substance is edematous; the cortical substance is anemic, atrophied; the lateral ventricles are dilated with a large amount of serous fluid. In the internal organs, except for the expansion of the lower lobes of both lungs, no pathological changes were noted.

Surface Area of Human Cerebral Cortex and Its Gross Morphological Subdivisions: In Vivo Measurements in Monozygotic Twins Suggest Differential Hemisphere Effects of Genetic Factors

1995 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 292-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Jude Tramo ◽  
William C. Loftus ◽  
Catherine E. Thomas ◽  
Ronald L. Green ◽  
Leila A. Mott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Cortex ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Left Hemisphere ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Monozygotic Twins ◽  
Cortical Surface ◽  
Cortical Surface Area ◽  
The Right

We measured the surEdce area of the cerebral cortex and its gross morphological subdivisions in 10 pairs of monozygotic twins. Cortical surface area was estimated in vivo using magnetic resonance imaging and threedimensional computer models of the intra- and extrasulcal pial surface. The means and standard deviations of regional (e.g., gyral), lobar, hemisphere, and total cortical surface area were tabulated for the entire population of 20 young, right-handed adults (10 females, 10 males). To determine whether genotypic differences were associated with morphometric differences, analyses of variance were carried out on each measure across unrelated twin pairs (genotype factor) and within co-twins (birth order factor). Across unrelated pairs, there was wide variation in regional cortical surface area for the left hemisphere (normalized by total cortical surface area, p ≤ 0.0001) but not for the right hemisphere (normalized, p = 0.12). More variation in lobar surface area was also observed for the left hemisphere (normalized, p = 0.05) than for the right (normalized, p = 0.48). Within co-twins, no signifcant variation in regional surface area or lobar surface area was found for the left or right hemisphere. Although normalized regional and lobar surface area in the left hemisphere differed across unrelated pairs, overall left hemisphere surface area normalized by total cortical surface area did not (p = 0.73). Total cortical surface area normallzed by body weight varied across unrelated pairs (p = 0.001) but not within co-twins (p = 0.39). The effects observed across unrelated pairs were not attributable to sex differences. These results suggest: 1) both the total area and folding of the cortical surface are heavily influenced by genetic factors in humans; and 2) the cerebral hemispheres may be differentially affected by genetic influences on cortical morphogenesis, with the languagedominant left cerebral cortex under stronger genetic control than the right.

The Right Hemisphere's Role In Problem Solving

1977 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 36-39
Author(s):  
Grayson H. Wheatley
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Cortex ◽  
Head Injury ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Brain Research ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
The Right ◽  
Modes Of Thought ◽  
Processing Differences

Recent brain research has revealed a remarkable fact-man has two brains instead of one. The two hemispheres of a person's cerebral cortex are specialized for different modes of thought processing. Differences in the functioning of the two hemispheres has been known for many years. When a person sustained a head injury on the left side, he lost speech capability: when the injury was to the right side, speech was not affected. The nature of the capabi lity of the right hemisphere, however, was not understood.

Influences of Age at Onset of Blindness on Braille Reading Performances with Left and Right Hands

1995 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eliana Sampaio ◽  
Jean Philip
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Cortex ◽  
Visual Experience ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Sensory Deprivation ◽  
Age At Onset ◽  
Learning To Read ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Total Blindness ◽  
The Right

Several previous studies suggest that early sensory deprivation produces a changed organisation of the cerebral cortex. This study compared the effects of early and late total blindness on a Braille reading task. This task is intended to induce a superiority of the left hand rather than the right because of the particular role played by the right hemisphere in Braille decoding. 38 strongly right-handed adults, accustomed to daily bimanual Braille reading, were tested. 21 subjects were born blind and 17 became blind during childhood before learning to read. Analysis indicated that previous visual experience can, under certain conditions, play a modulating role in manual superiority in Braille reading.

Investigation of the Effect of Mode and Tempo on Emotional Responses to Music Using EEG Power Asymmetry

2013 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 142-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantinos Trochidis ◽  
Emmanuel Bigand
Keyword(s):  
Left Hemisphere ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Emotional Responses ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Eeg Activity ◽  
Musical Excerpt ◽  
Major Mode ◽  
Musical Modes ◽  
Slow Tempo ◽  
The Right

The combined interactions of mode and tempo on emotional responses to music were investigated using both self-reports and electroencephalogram (EEG) activity. A musical excerpt was performed in three different modes and tempi. Participants rated the emotional content of the resulting nine stimuli and their EEG activity was recorded. Musical modes influence the valence of emotion with major mode being evaluated happier and more serene, than minor and locrian modes. In EEG frontal activity, major mode was associated with an increased alpha activation in the left hemisphere compared to minor and locrian modes, which, in turn, induced increased activation in the right hemisphere. The tempo modulates the arousal value of emotion with faster tempi associated with stronger feeling of happiness and anger and this effect is associated in EEG with an increase of frontal activation in the left hemisphere. By contrast, slow tempo induced decreased frontal activation in the left hemisphere. Some interactive effects were found between mode and tempo: An increase of tempo modulated the emotion differently depending on the mode of the piece.

Right-Hemisphere Specialization for Contour Grouping

2014 ◽  
Vol 61 (5) ◽  
pp. 331-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregor Volberg
Keyword(s):  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Contour Detection ◽  
Global Processing ◽  
Detection Accuracy ◽  
Frequency Spectra ◽  
Visual Hemifield ◽  
Spatial Frequencies ◽  
A Chain ◽  
The Right ◽  
Hemisphere Specialization

Previous studies often revealed a right-hemisphere specialization for processing the global level of compound visual stimuli. Here we explore whether a similar specialization exists for the detection of intersected contours defined by a chain of local elements. Subjects were presented with arrays of randomly oriented Gabor patches that could contain a global path of collinearly arranged elements in the left or in the right visual hemifield. As expected, the detection accuracy was higher for contours presented to the left visual field/right hemisphere. This difference was absent in two control conditions where the smoothness of the contour was decreased. The results demonstrate that the contour detection, often considered to be driven by lateral coactivation in primary visual cortex, relies on higher-level visual representations that differ between the hemispheres. Furthermore, because contour and non-contour stimuli had the same spatial frequency spectra, the results challenge the view that the right-hemisphere advantage in global processing depends on a specialization for processing low spatial frequencies.

Thinking in Animals, Infants, and the Right Hemisphere

1990 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 544-547
Author(s):  
Randi C. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
The Right
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