Remarks on the Results of the Collective Record of the Causation of Insanity

1884 ◽  
Vol 30 (129) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Herbert C. Major
Keyword(s):  
England And Wales ◽  
Blue Book ◽  
First Time

It will be well known to all to whom these remarks are addressed, that Statistical Tables of the Causes of Insanity in the Admissions into Asylums began to be collected by the English Commissioners in Lunacy for the first time in 1876. In that year returns upon a definite system and plan were asked for and received from all asylums throughout England and Wales, the results being published in the Commissioners' Blue Book for that year. In the following year, 1877, the corresponding statistics were not collected, but in 1878 they were resumed in a slightly modified form as regards the list of causative agencies from that originally issued, and, on the amended plan, they have since year by year been continued.

Outlawing incitement to religious hatred—a British perspective

2006 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 249-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Cumper
Keyword(s):  
Free Speech ◽  
Hate Speech ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
Racial Hatred ◽  
Important Measure ◽  
British Perspective ◽  
First Time

AbstractThe recent enactment of the Racial and Religious Hatred Act 2006 makes it (for the first time) unlawful to incite hatred on religious grounds in England and Wales. This legislation has however been attacked by a number of Muslims on the basis that it is too rigidly drawn, and that the scope of the offence of incitement to religious hatred is narrower than comparable legislation governing incitement to racial hatred. In critically analysing the Racial and Religious Hatred Act 2006, this article makes particular reference to the recent Islamic Council of Victoria case in Australia on religious vili cation and hate speech which, it is suggested, provides a salutary lesson to those who would seek to expand the remit of the Act. It is argued that the Racial and Religious Hatred Act is not merely a symbolically important measure, but is also a fair and workable compromise which protects faith groups from incitement to religious hatred without placing excessive curbs on free speech.

On Pathological Research in Asylums for the Insane

1884 ◽  
Vol 30 (131) ◽  
pp. 359-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Adam
Keyword(s):  
England And Wales ◽  
Blue Book ◽  
Private Care ◽  
Pathological Research

According to the latest returns, published by the Commissioners in Lunacy in their Blue Book for 1883, sixty-seven thousand four hundred and eighteen patients were registered as under treatment in the various asylums of England and Wales, and as being under private care during the previous year.

scholarly journals Emergence of high-level azithromycin resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae in England and Wales

2008 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
Author(s):  
S A Chisholm ◽  
C Ison
Keyword(s):  
Neisseria Gonorrhoeae ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
Surveillance Programme ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
High Level ◽  
First Time ◽  
Azithromycin Resistance

The Gonococcal Resistance to Antimicrobials Surveillance Programme (GRASP) in England and Wales has monitored azithromycin resistance since 2001. In 2007, high-level azithromycin resistance (MICs >256 mg/L) was identified for the first time in six isolates, all of which were the same sequence type (ST 649).

scholarly journals Occupation Mortalities

1911 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 1-86
Author(s):  
James Craufurd Dunlop
Keyword(s):  
England And Wales ◽  
Registrar General ◽  
The Subject ◽  
First Time

Mr. President,—It is in response to your invitation that I venture to submit to this Faculty a paper on the Influence of Occupation on Mortality. I have no fresh statistical observations to lay before you, but the task I have set myself is to elaborate the observations set out in the Supplement to the Registrar-General of England and Wales' Sixty-fifth Report, part II., a report which was published early this year. That report may rightly be described as the most important contribution to our knowledge of the subject which has yet been published, and it is thanks to the excellent tabulation of facts in it that I am able to deal further with them.Before asking your attention to the subject proper of my paper, an examination of the results of the recent English study, I desire briefly to describe previous statistical observations on the subject, to indicate to you some of the difficulties and limitations in drawing satisfactory conclusions from these studies, and to explain the methods which have previously been used to overcome these difficulties, and methods which I now use for the first time.

Medical abortions more common than surgery for first time in 2014 in England and Wales

BMJ ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 350 (jun09 13) ◽  
pp. h3177-h3177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Kmietowicz
Keyword(s):  
England And Wales ◽  
First Time

Schizophrenia Following Pre-natal Exposure to Influenza Epidemics Between 1939 and 1960

1992 ◽  
Vol 160 (4) ◽  
pp. 461-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pak C. Sham ◽  
Eadbhard O'Callaghan ◽  
Noriyoshi Takei ◽  
Graham K. Murray ◽  
Edward H. Hare ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Infection ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
The Third ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Relationship

We examined the relationship between the dates of births of schizophrenic patients admitted to hospitals for the first time in England and Wales between 1970 and 1979, and the occurrence of influenza epidemics between 1939 and 1960. Our results indicate that exposure to influenza epidemics between the third and seventh month of gestation is associated with schizophrenia in adult life. The hypothesis that maternal viral infection is an important cause of schizophrenia can explain many aspects of the enigmatic epidemiology of the condition.

scholarly journals Larval gryporhynchid tapeworms (Cestoda: Cyclophyllidea) of British freshwater fish, with a description of the pathology caused by Paradilepis scolecina

2011 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.F. Williams ◽  
A.J. Reading ◽  
T. Scholz ◽  
A.P. Shinn
Keyword(s):  
Freshwater Fish ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Pathological Changes ◽  
Tinca Tinca ◽  
Hepatic Parenchyma ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
First Time ◽  
Host Tissues ◽  
Tissue Digestion

AbstractLarvae of the cyclophyllidean tapeworms Paradilepis scolecina (Rudolphi, 1819), Neogryporhynchus cheilancristrotus (Wedl, 1855) and Valipora campylancristrota (Wedl, 1855), are described from British freshwater fish. The morphometrics of the rostellar hooks, infection characteristics and host ranges of these parasites from fisheries in England and Wales are presented. Difficulties in the detection, handling and identification of these tapeworms are highlighted, and may in part explain the paucity of records from Britain. Tissue digestion was shown to be a useful technique for the examination of these parasites, providing clear and consistent preparations of the rostellar hooks for measurement. The pathological changes caused by P. scolecina to the liver of wild tench, Tinca tinca, are detailed for the first time. Tapeworms located in the hepatic parenchyma and pancreatic tissues caused little pathological damage and invoked only mild inflammatory responses. The small size of these tapeworms and their encapsulation within host tissues appear to limit the severity of pathology, compared with parasites that insert their rostellum during attachment.

scholarly journals Surgical harm, consent, and English criminal law: When should ‘bad-apple’ surgeons be prosecuted?

2021 ◽  
pp. 096853322110570
Author(s):  
Alexandra Mullock
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Law ◽  
Medical Profession ◽  
Common Law ◽  
Criminal Matter ◽  
Complex Issue ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
Legal Principles ◽  
Valid Consent ◽  
First Time

This article examines the legal principles determining when surgical harm becomes a criminal matter. In England and Wales, and other common law jurisdictions, the criminal law has predominantly concerned itself with fatal medical misconduct via the offence of gross negligence manslaughter. The convictions of two surgeons in 2017 (Ian Paterson and Simon Bramhall), for offences against the person, suggests that police and prosecutors have, for the first time, become willing to prosecute surgeons for non-fatal surgical harm. Understanding when non-fatal surgical harm should be treated as a criminal matter is, however, a complex issue. The medical exception to the criminal law legitimizes consensual and reasonable surgical harm. Thus, the question of what is reasonable and what constitutes valid consent is key to determining the parameters of lawful surgery; however, the principles are perplexing and insofar as they may be agreed and understood, they are arguably unsatisfactory. After examining the cases involving serious surgical harm and analysing the doctrines applied, this article argues for a more patient-centred approach. The focus should be on the nature of the harm to the victim, the behaviour of the dangerous surgeon and whether a violation has occurred, rather than on traditional professional assessments, which are unduly deferential to the medical profession.

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