Investigating associations of childhood abuse and serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels with suicidal behaviours in patients with depressive disorders

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Jae-Min Kim ◽  
Ju-Wan Kim ◽  
Hee-Ju Kang ◽  
Ju-Yeon Lee ◽  
Sung-Wan Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Childhood Abuse ◽  
Suicidal Behaviour ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Pharmacologic Treatment ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Serum Bdnf ◽  
Previous Suicide Attempt

Background The role of childhood abuse and serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels in suicidal behaviour is controversial. Aims We aimed to investigate the individual and interactive effects of the childhood abuse and serum BDNF on suicidal behaviour before and after pharmacologic treatment in patients with depressive disorders. Method At baseline, reported childhood emotional, physical and sexual abuse were ascertained and serum BDNF levels were measured in 1094 patients with depressive disorder, 884 of whom were followed during a 1-year period of stepwise pharmacotherapy. Suicidal behaviours evaluated at baseline were previous suicide attempt and baseline suicide severity, and suicidal behaviours evaluated at follow-up were increased suicide severity and fatal/non-fatal suicide attempt. Individual and interactive associations of any childhood abuse and serum BDNF levels with four types of suicidal behaviours were analysed using logistic regression models, after adjusting relevant covariates. Results Individual associations of childhood abuse were significant only with previous suicide attempt, and no significant individual associations were found for serum BDNF with any suicide outcome. However, the presence of both childhood abuse and lower serum BDNF levels was associated with the highest prevalence/incidence of all four suicidal behaviours, with significant interactions for baseline suicide severity and fatal/non-fatal suicide attempt during follow-up. Conclusions Synergistic interactive effects of child abuse and serum BDNF levels on suicidal behaviours were found before and after pharmacologic treatment in patients with depressive disorders. Information combining childhood abuse and serum BDNF levels could improve predictions of suicidal behaviour in patients with depressive disorders.

scholarly journals Prediction of Suicidality According to Serum Folate Levels in Depressive Patients Receiving Stepwise Pharmacotherapy

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jae-Min Kim ◽  
Ha-Yeon Kim ◽  
Hee-Joon Lee ◽  
Ju-Wan Kim ◽  
Hee-Ju Kang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Serum Folate ◽  
Suicidal Behaviors ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Replication Studies ◽  
Depressive Patients ◽  
Previous Suicide Attempt

Background: The effects of serum folate levels on suicidal behavior, strongly associated with depression, have not been investigated. Therefore, this study investigated the associations between serum folate levels and suicidal behavior in patients with depressive disorders.Methods: Serum folate levels were measured at baseline in 1,094 patients with depressive disorder, 884 of whom were followed during a 12-month period of stepwise pharmacotherapy. Suicidal behaviors evaluated at baseline were (i) previous suicide attempt and (ii) baseline suicidal severity; behaviors evaluated at follow-up were (iii) increased suicidal severity and iv) fatal/non-fatal suicide attempt. Associations of serum folate levels with four types of suicidal behaviors were analyzed using logistic regression models after adjustment for relevant covariates; they were also examined using area under receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) curve analyses.Results: Reduced serum folate levels (<6.0 ng/mL) were independently associated with all four types of suicidal behaviors. AUROC curve analyses indicated that discriminant or prognostic values of reduced serum folate levels were fair for fatal/non-fatal suicide attempt during follow-up, whereas they were modest for previous suicide attempt, baseline suicidal severity, and increased suicidal severity.Conclusions: Serum folate levels could serve as a biomarker of suicidal behavior in depressive patients. However, it should be used as an adjunct rather than a substitute for prediction of suicidal behavior considering its low prognostic values. Further replication studies are needed for its clinical utilization.

scholarly journals OPUS study: Suicidal behaviour, suicidal ideation and hopelessness among patients with first-episode psychosis

2002 ◽  
Vol 181 (S43) ◽  
pp. s98-s106 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Nordentoft ◽  
P. Jeppesen ◽  
M. Abel ◽  
P. Kassow ◽  
L. Petersen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Suicidal Behaviour ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
First Episode Psychosis ◽  
Integrated Treatment ◽  
High Risk Group ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Treatment As Usual ◽  
Episode Psychosis

BackgroundPatients with first-episode psychosis comprise a high-risk group in terms of suicide.AimsTo identify predictive factors for suicidal behaviour and to examine the effect of integrated treatment on suicidal behaviour and hopelessness.MethodA total of 341 patients with a first-episode schizophrenia-spectrum disorder were randomised to integrated treatment or treatment as usual.ResultsDuring the 1-year follow-up period, 11% attempted suicide. This was associated with female gender, hopelessness, hallucinations and suicide attempt reported at baseline, with the two latter variables being the only significant ones in the final multivariate model. The integrated treatment reduced hopelessness.ConclusionsHallucinations and suicide attempt before inclusion in the study were the most significant predictors of suicide attempt in the follow-up period.

scholarly journals Work related sexual harassment and risk of suicide and suicide attempts: prospective cohort study

BMJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. m2984 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda L Magnusson Hanson ◽  
Anna Nyberg ◽  
Ellenor Mittendorfer-Rutz ◽  
Fredrik Bondestam ◽  
Ida E H Madsen
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Sexual Harassment ◽  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Suicidal Behaviour ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Work Related

Abstract Objective To analyse the relation between exposure to workplace sexual harassment and suicide, as well as suicide attempts. Design Prospective cohort study. Setting Sweden. Participants 86 451 men and women of working age in paid work across different occupations responded to a self-report questionnaire including exposure to work related sexual harassment between 1995 and 2013. The analytical sample included 85 205 people with valid data on sexual harassment, follow-up time, and age. Main outcome measures Suicide and suicide attempts ascertained from administrative registers (mean follow-up time 13 years). Results Among the people included in the respective analyses of suicide and suicide attempts, 125 (0.1%) died from suicide and 816 (1%) had a suicide attempt during follow-up (rate 0.1 and 0.8 cases per 1000 person years). Overall, 11 of 4095 participants exposed to workplace sexual harassment and 114 of 81 110 unexposed participants committed suicide, and 61/4043 exposed and 755/80 513 unexposed participants had a record of suicide attempt. In Cox regression analyses adjusted for a range of sociodemographic characteristics, workplace sexual harassment was associated with an excess risk of both suicide (hazard ratio 2.82, 95% confidence interval 1.49 to 5.34) and suicide attempts (1.59, 1.21 to 2.08), and risk estimates remained significantly increased after adjustment for baseline health and certain work characteristics. No obvious differences between men and women were found. Conclusions The results support the hypothesis that workplace sexual harassment is prospectively associated with suicidal behaviour. This suggests that suicide prevention considering the social work environment may be useful. More research is, however, needed to determine causality, risk factors for workplace sexual harassment, and explanations for an association between work related sexual harassment and suicidal behaviour.

Cigarette smoking and suicidal behaviour: results from a 25-year longitudinal study

2007 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 433-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Boden ◽  
D. M. Fergusson ◽  
L. J. Horwood
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Suicidal Behaviour ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Health And Development ◽  
Fixed Effects Regression

BackgroundThis study examined the associations between cigarette smoking and suicidal ideation and suicide attempts, both before and after control for potentially confounding using fixed effects regression models.MethodData were gathered during the Christchurch Health and Development Study, a 25-year longitudinal study of a birth cohort of New Zealand children (635 males, 630 females). The analysis was based on a sample of 1041 participants with available data on cigarette smoking and suicidal behaviour from ages 16 to 25 years. The main outcome measures were suicidal ideation and suicide attempts, ages 16–18, 18–21, and 21–25.ResultsThere were significant bivariate associations between the frequency of cigarette smoking and both suicidal ideation and suicide attempts. Cohort members who smoked 20 or more cigarettes per day had odds of suicidal ideation that were 3.39 times (95% CI 2.06–5.59) those of non-smokers, and odds of suicide attempt that were 4.39 (95% CI 2.18–8.85) times those of non-smokers. Control for non-observed fixed confounding factors reduced the association between cigarette smoking and suicidal ideation and suicide attempts to statistical non-significance. After adjustment, those smoking more than 20 cigarettes per day had odds of suicidal ideation that were 1.00 times (95% CI 0.46–2.18) those of non-smokers, and odds of suicide attempt that were 1.84 (95% CI 0.81–4.18) times those of non-smokers.ConclusionsThe findings suggest that the associations between frequency of cigarette smoking and suicidal behaviour may largely be explained by the non-observed background factors and life circumstances that are associated with both cigarette smoking and suicidal behaviour.

The risk factors for depression in first myocardial infarction patients

2004 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 1083-1092 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. M. DICKENS ◽  
C. PERCIVAL ◽  
L. McGOWAN ◽  
J. DOUGLAS ◽  
B. TOMENSON ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Before And After ◽  
First Myocardial Infarction

Background. Depression affects outcome following myocardial infarction but the risk factors for such depression have been little studied. This study considered whether the causes of depression occurring before and after myocardial infarction were similar to those of depression in the general population.Method. Consecutive patients admitted to hospital following their first myocardial infarction were interviewed with the Schedule for Clinical Assessment in Neuropsychiatry to detect psychiatric disorders and the Life Events and Difficulties Schedule to assess recent stress. Participants completed the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) at entry to the study and 1 year later and the risk factors associated with a high score at both times were assessed.Results. Of 314 (88% of eligible) patients who were recruited, 199 (63%) were male and 63 (20%) had depressive disorders. Logistic regression identified the following as independently associated with depressive disorder that had been present for at least 1 month before the myocardial infarction: younger age, female sex, past psychiatric history, social isolation, having marked non-health difficulties and lack of a close confidant. At follow-up 269/298 (90%) responded; of 189 participants not depressed at first assessment, 39 (21%) became depressed by the 1 year follow-up. Logistic regression identified frequent angina as the only significant predictor of raised HADS scores at 12 months.Conclusions. Depression developing during the year following myocardial infarction does not have the same risk factors as that which precedes myocardial infarction. Further clarification of the mechanisms linking depression to poor outcome may require separation consideration of pre- and post-myocardial infarction depression, and its risk factors.

Suicide among psychiatric hospital in-patients

1995 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 199-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alec Roy ◽  
Ronald Draper
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Psychiatric Hospital ◽  
Suicidal Behaviour ◽  
Hospital Setting ◽  
Patient At Risk ◽  
Previous Suicide Attempt ◽  
Age And Sex ◽  
Risk Factors For Suicide

SynopsisWe examined for risk factors for suicide among psychiatric in-patients by comparing 37 in-patients from an Ontario Provincial Psychiatric Hospital who had committed suicide with 37 age and sex matched in-patient controls. Significantly more of the suicide victims had made a previous suicide attempt (62·2 v. 35·1%), suffered from schizophrenia (75·7 v. 35·1%), were involuntary at their last admission (70·3 v. 43·2%) and lived alone (70·3 v. 43·2%). Only six patients committed suicide on the ward. Almost a third of the patients, the majority schizophrenic, committed suicide after having been in the hospital for more than a year. These results suggest that in the psychiatric hospital setting the in-patient at risk for suicide has previously exhibited suicidal behaviour, suffers from schizophrenia, was admitted involuntarily, lives alone and that the risk of suicide may remain high among long-stay schizophrenics.

scholarly journals Self-Reported Psychosocial Health in Obese Patients before and after Weight Loss

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Osei-Assibey ◽  
I. Kyrou ◽  
S. Kumar ◽  
P. Saravanan ◽  
K. A. Matyka
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Emotional Health ◽  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
Psychosocial Health ◽  
Morbidly Obese ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Before And After

Psychosocial profiles were examined in 255 morbidly obese patients attending a hospital service offering access to standard weight loss therapies. 129 patients were reassessed after at least 6-month follow-up. At baseline, 51.8% and 32.7% of patients, respectively, had evidence of anxiety and depressive disorders, 24% had severe impairments in self esteem, and 29.7% had an increased risk of eating disorders. At follow-up, weight loss from baseline was significant in all 3 therapies: diet only is  kg; pharmacotherapy is  kg; and surgery is  kg. Anxiety scores improved in all three groups (). Patients having pharmacotherapy or surgery had significant improvements in physical and work function and public distress compared to those having dietary treatment only (). Our observational data suggest that weight management services can lead to psychosocial benefit in morbidly obese patients. Well-designed studies are necessary to examine the link between weight loss and emotional health.

Telephone contact with patients in the year after a suicide attempt: does it affect treatment attendance and outcome? A randomised controlled study

2002 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 82-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Cedereke ◽  
K. Monti ◽  
A. Öjehagen
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Suicidal Behaviour ◽  
Initial Treatment ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Treatment Attendance ◽  
Randomised Controlled Study ◽  
Motivational Support ◽  
Randomised Controlled

SummaryAmbivalence to treatment and repeated suicidal behaviour are well-known problems in suicide attempters. A randomised controlled study was performed to investigate the influence of repeated telephone contacts on treatment attendance, repetition of suicidal behaviour and mental health the year after a suicide attempt.Subjects and methodsOne month after their suicide attempt 216 patients were randomised to either two telephone interventions in addition to treatment as usual, or no such intervention during the subsequent year. The interventions included motivational support to attend and/or to stay in treatment. At 1 month and again after 12 months the following measurements were used: GSI (SCL-90), GAF and SSI.ResultsAt follow-up treatment attendance was high and did not differ between the randomised groups. Among those with an initial treatment contact other than psychiatric, more patients in the intervention group had such contact at follow-up. The randomised groups did not differ in repetition of suicide attempts during follow-up or in improvement in GSI (SCL-90), GAF and SSI. In individuals with no initial treatment the intervention group improved more in certain psychological symptom dimensions (SCL-90).ConclusionsTelephone interventions seem to have an effect on patients who at their suicide attempt had other treatment than psychiatric and in those with no treatment.

An Initial Investigation of Suicide Attempt Disclosures Among US Veterans

Crisis ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Brooke A. Ammerman ◽  
Sarah P. Carter ◽  
Heather M. Gebhardt ◽  
Jonathan Buchholz ◽  
Mark A. Reger
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Mental Health Professionals ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
Psychiatric Treatment ◽  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Romantic Partners ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Professional Care ◽  
Patient Disclosure ◽  
Previous Suicide Attempt

Abstract. Background: Patient disclosure of prior suicidal behaviors is critical for effectively managing suicide risk; however, many attempts go undisclosed. Aims: The current study explored how responses following a suicide attempt disclosure may relate to help-seeking outcomes. Method: Participants included 37 veterans with a previous suicide attempt receiving inpatient psychiatric treatment. Veterans reported on their most and least helpful experiences disclosing their suicide attempt to others. Results: Veterans disclosed their suicide attempt to approximately eight individuals. Mental health professionals were the most cited recipient of their most helpful disclosure; romantic partners were the most common recipient of their least helpful disclosures. Positive reactions within the context of the least helpful disclosure experience were positively associated with a sense of connection with the disclosure recipient. Positive reactions within the most helpful disclosure experience were positively associated with the likelihood of future disclosure. No reactions were associated with having sought professional care or likelihood of seeking professional care. Limitations: The results are considered preliminary due to the small sample size. Conclusion: Findings suggest that while positive reactions may influence suicide attempt disclosure experiences broadly, additional research is needed to clarify factors that drive the decision to disclose a suicide attempt to a professional.

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