scholarly journals Female survivors of intimate partner violence and risk of depression, anxiety and serious mental illness

2019 ◽  
Vol 217 (4) ◽  
pp. 562-567 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joht Singh Chandan ◽  
Tom Thomas ◽  
Caroline Bradbury-Jones ◽  
Rebecca Russell ◽  
Siddhartha Bandyopadhyay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Serious Mental Illness ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Diagnostic Delay ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Female Survivors ◽  
The Uk

BackgroundInternationally, intimate partner violence (IPV) cohorts have demonstrated associations with depression and anxiety. However, this association has not yet been described in a UK population, nor has the association with serious mental illness (SMI).AimsTo explore the relationship between IPV exposure and mental illness in a UK population.MethodWe designed a retrospective cohort study whereby we matched 18 547 women exposed to IPV to 74 188 unexposed women. Outcomes of interest (anxiety, depression and SMI) were identified through clinical codes.ResultsAt baseline, 9174 (49.5%) women in the exposed group had some form of mental illness compared with 17 768 (24.0%) in the unexposed group, described as an adjusted odds ratio of 2.62 (95% CI 2.52–2.72). Excluding those with mental illness at baseline, 1254 exposed women (incidence rate 46.62 per 1000 person-years) went on to present with any type of mental illness compared with 3119 unexposed women (incidence rate 14.93 per 1000 person-years), with an aIRR of 2.77 (95% CI 2.58–2.97). Anxiety (aIRR 1.99, 95% CI 1.80–2.20), depression (aIRR 3.05, 95% CI 2.81–3.31) and SMI (aIRR 3.08, 95% CI 2.19–4.32) were all associated with exposure to IPV.ConclusionsIPV remains a significant public health issue in the UK. We have demonstrated the significant recorded mental health burden associated with IPV in primary care, at both baseline and following exposure. Clinicians must be aware of this association to reduce mental illness diagnostic delay and improve management of psychological outcomes in this group of patients.

Motherhood, Family, and Relationships for Women with Serious Mental Illness

2020 ◽  
pp. 45-69
Author(s):  
Lauren Mizock ◽  
Erika Carr
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Serious Mental Illness ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Social Roles ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Clinical Strategies ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Way

This chapter discusses the impact of a serious mental illness on relationships for women, including motherhood, friendship, family, and dating. The chapter will explore the ways in which a serious mental illness can interfere with pursuit of these roles, impacting the woman’s sense of womanhood and personhood. Risk factors like intimate partner violence and custody loss will be examined. The chapter will discuss how motherhood and other relationships can serve as a context for recovery. The way in which women with serious mental illness navigate stigma and isolation to seek meaning in peer advocacy and other social roles will be presented. Case narratives, a clinical strategies list, discussion questions, activities, and a clinical worksheet (“Relationship Structuring Worksheet”) are included.

Asking about intimate partner violence: advice from female survivors to health care providers

2005 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judy C. Chang ◽  
Michele R. Decker ◽  
Kathryn E. Moracco ◽  
Sandra L. Martin ◽  
Ruth Petersen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Female Survivors

Global Surge in Intimate Partner Violence after Mandatory Lockdown: Implications for Pakistan

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Butool Hisam ◽  
Mohammad Nadir Haider ◽  
Ghazala Saleem ◽  
Admin
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Violence Against Women ◽  
Interpersonal Violence ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
The United States ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
World Health ◽  
Public Health Issue

We are observing with great concern the global spread of the COVID19 Pandemic. What is equally alarming is a less visible, albeit serious Public health issue; one that the United Nations has dubbed as the ‘Shadow Pandemic’ [1]. This is none other than the globally prevalent issue of violence against women, particularly Intimate Partner Violence. Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) is a serious, possibly preventable public health problem globally. Pakistan ranks among the countries with the highest IPV rates [2]. On 11th March 2020, the World Health Organization declared the highly infectious and lethal Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (COVID-19) to be a pandemic [3]. Drastic measures were enforced universally to curb the spread of COVID-19. Countries issued strict nationwide lockdowns to isolate the population and implemented social distancing. The economy was impacted tremendously, and many people experienced financial and emotional hardship during this mandatory confinement. While everyone was affected, one population was in a far worse situation than others. Survivors of IPV were trapped alongside their perpetrators and faced difficulty/less freedom to escape threatening situations compared to the past. It is not surprising given that historical periods of uncertainty such as war or economic crisis have resulted in increased interpersonal violence, including violence against women [4].  The Hubei province of China, the first region to undergo a lockdown, saw nearly a doubling of their rates of IPV with the start of COVID19 Pandemic.  Similarly, tragic stories gained nationwide coverage in the United States. IPV may also have risen in Pakistan, even if it is not being covered as extensively. During pandemics, fear causes us to minimize our personal needs and make sacrifices we would not normally make. This could be a reasonable approach for most but should not be for survivors of IPV. IPV survivors live in constant fear for themselves and their children; they are now devoid of their only means of mitigation; avoidance. Local woman’s support groups in Pakistan should act and spread awareness about this grim reality hiding underneath the Pandemic. Resources/funding should be made available for survivors to be able to reach out for support without having to leave the watchful eyes of their perpetrators. Public health officials ought to investigate and document the rise in IPV to help identify the leading causes of the increase. These steps will assist in developing crisis-specific guidelines to provide adequate resources for the future. Continuous....

Intimate Partner Violence and the Risk of Developing Fibromyalgia and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

2019 ◽  
pp. 088626051988851 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joht Singh Chandan ◽  
Tom Thomas ◽  
Karim Raza ◽  
Caroline Bradbury-Jones ◽  
Julie Taylor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Chronic Fatigue Syndrome ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Chronic Fatigue ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Exposed Group ◽  
Unexposed Group ◽  
Fatigue Syndrome

Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a global public health issue with a variety of ill health consequences associated with exposure. Due to the stimulation of chronic stress and inflammatory pathways, childhood abuse has been associated with the subsequent development of functional syndromes such as fibromyalgia and chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS). Although IPV in women appears to elicit similar biochemical responses, this association has not been tested thoroughly in IPV survivors. These functional syndromes are complex in etiology and any indication of their risk factors would benefit health care professionals managing this population. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the association between exposure to IPV with functional syndromes: fibromyalgia and CFS. We conducted a retrospective open cohort study using “The Heath Improvement Network” database between January 1, 1995 and December 1, 2017. A total of 18,547 women who were exposed to IPV were each matched by age to four controls who were not exposed ( n = 74,188). The main outcome measures were the risk of developing fibromyalgia and CFS. These were presented as adjusted incidence rate ratios (aIRR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). We found that 97 women in the exposed group developed fibromyalgia (incidence rate [IR] = 1.63 per 1,000 person-years) compared to 239 women in the unexposed group (IR = 0.83 per 1,000 person-years). Following adjustment, this translated to an IRR of 1.73 (95% CI = [1.36, 2.22]). Similarly, 19 women developed CFS in the exposed group (IR = 0.32 per 1,000 person-years), compared to 53 in the unexposed group (0.18 per 1,000 person-years), which translates to an aIRR of 1.92 (95% CI = [1.11, 3.33]). Therefore, we have identified an association between a history of IPV in women and the development of these functional syndromes, which may provide more information to inform the biopsychosocial pathway precipitating the development of fibromyalgia and CFS.

scholarly journals Empowerment, Stress, and Depressive Symptoms Among Female Survivors of Intimate Partner Violence Attending Personal Empowerment Programs

2019 ◽  
pp. 088626051986969
Author(s):  
Esmeralda R. Garcia ◽  
Jane K. Stoever ◽  
Peiyi Wang ◽  
Ilona S. Yim
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Relaxation Techniques ◽  
Abuse Survivors ◽  
Female Survivors ◽  
Personal Empowerment ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Care Agency

Intimate partner violence (IPV) affects one in three women and can have long-lasting psychological effects, with abuse survivors typically exhibiting elevated stress and depressive symptoms. However, women with greater personal empowerment resources (i.e., self-care, agency, self-efficacy) and who practice relaxation techniques generally exhibit lower stress and depressive symptoms. The present study investigated the effectiveness of Personal Empowerment Programs (PEP) and practicing relaxation techniques in promoting empowerment and lowering stress and depressive symptoms. Ninety women were recruited from PEP classes conducted at domestic violence agencies in Orange County, California. Salivary cortisol and affect were assessed before and after one PEP class. Perceived stress, depressive symptoms, empowerment, and relaxation techniques were also assessed. Practicing relaxation techniques correlated with more empowerment. For women without sexual abuse experiences only, having completed more classes (>5 classes) in the program was associated with greater empowerment, less stress, and fewer depressive symptoms. Implications extend to future studies and interventions for IPV survivors.

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