scholarly journals Post-traumatic stress disorder among former Islamic State child soldiers in northern Iraq

2018 ◽  
Vol 213 (1) ◽  
pp. 425-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Ilhan Kizilhan ◽  
Michael Noll-Hussong
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Child Soldiers ◽  
Islamic State ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Northern Iraq ◽  
Former Child Soldiers ◽  
Post Traumatic

BackgroundFormer child soldiers are at high risk of developing mental disorders such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD); however, their comprehensive mental health has yet to be examined.AimsThis study looks at the prevalence of PTSD, depression and associated risk factors such as disturbed self-esteem among former child soldiers of the so-called ‘Islamic State’.MethodThe psychological effect of traumatic events was assessed in 81 Yazidi children who had been child soldiers for the Islamic State in northern Iraq between 2014 and 2017 for at least 6 months. The children were between 8 and 14 years of age. Thirty-two Yazidi boys and 31 Muslim boys who were not child soldiers in Iraq served as control groups. A structured psychological interview and established psychometric questionnaires were used to assess traumatisation and mental disorders.ResultsThe child soldiers showed a significantly higher prevalence of PTSD (48.3%), depressive disorders (45.6%), anxiety disorders (45.8%) and somatic disturbances (50.6%) than the boys who had not been child soldiers. Developmentally crucial self-esteem was significantly reduced in former child soldiers. No significant differences between the two control groups could be found.ConclusionsPTSD and other mental disorders are highly present among former child soldiers in northern Iraq. The study highlights the huge and as yet unmet need for psychological services among former child soldiers.Declaration of interestNone.

scholarly journals Post-traumatic stress symptoms among former child soldiers in Sierra Leone: follow-up study

2013 ◽  
Vol 203 (3) ◽  
pp. 196-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theresa S. Betancourt ◽  
Elizabeth A. Newnham ◽  
Ryan McBain ◽  
Robert T. Brennan
Keyword(s):  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Community Support ◽  
Child Soldiers ◽  
Symptom Change ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Post Conflict ◽  
Former Child Soldiers ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
War Experiences

BackgroundFormer child soldiers are at risk of developing post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD); however, the trajectory of symptoms has yet to be examined.AimsThe risk and protective factors associated with PTSD symptom change among former child soldiers in Sierra Leone were investigated.MethodData from 243 former child soldiers (mean age 16.6 years, 30% female) were analysed.ResultsSelf-reported rates of possible PTSD using standard cut-off points declined from 32% to 16% 4 years later (P<0.05). Symptoms of PTSD at baseline were significantly associated with war experiences (P<0.01) and post-conflict family abuse (P<0.001). Reliable improvement in symptoms was reported by 30%. In growth models examining symptom change, worsening of symptoms was associated with death of a parent (P<0.05) and post-conflict stigma (P<0.001). Protective effects were observed for increases in family acceptance (P<0.001).ConclusionsThe findings indicated improvement in PTSD symptoms among former child soldiers despite limited access to care. Family and community support played a vital part in promoting psychological adjustment.

scholarly journals Experiences with traumatic events, consequences and care among people with visual impairment and post-traumatic stress disorder: a qualitative study from The Netherlands

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. e041469
Author(s):  
Alida J van der Ham ◽  
Hilde P A van der Aa ◽  
Peter Verstraten ◽  
Ger H M B van Rens ◽  
Ruth M A van Nispen
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Visual Impairment ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Events ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Stress Reactions ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Post Traumatic

ObjectiveHaving a visual impairment is known to be associated with an increased vulnerability to (potentially) traumatic events. Little is known about how people with visual impairment experience and process such events. This qualitative study aimed to provide more insight into experiences with traumatic events, consequences of traumatic events and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)-related care among people with visual impairment and PTSD.MethodsEighteen persons with visual impairment and (a history of) PTSD were interviewed. Among them were 14 women and 4 men aged between 23 and 66 years. Recruitment of participants was done through health professionals from two low-vision service centres and a patient association for people with eye diseases and visual impairment in The Netherlands. Interviews focused on experiences with (1) traumatic events, (2) consequences of traumatic events and (3) PTSD-related care. Thematic content analysis of interview data was performed using ATLAS.ti. The COnsolidated criteria for REporting Qualitative research (COREQ) checklist was used to check for completeness and transparency of the study. Data were collected between 2018 and 2020.ResultsThe most commonly reported traumatic events were sexual and physical abuse. Many participants experienced that their impairment had negatively affected their acceptance by others, independence and self-esteem, increasing their vulnerability for traumatic events. Additionally, having a visual impairment negatively impacted participants’ ability to respond to situations and aggravated post-traumatic stress reactions. Existing treatments seem suitable for people with visual impairment when accommodated to the impairment.ConclusionsHaving a visual impairment may affect traumatic events and post-traumatic stress reactions, particularly by contributing to low self-esteem, problems in social interactions and a lack of visual information. Insights from this study provide starting points for adapting pretraumatic and post-traumatic care to the needs of people with visual impairment.

Post-traumatic stress in former Ugandan child soldiers

The Lancet ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 363 (9421) ◽  
pp. 1647-1648 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carol Magambo ◽  
Ronald Lett
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Child Soldiers ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Post Traumatic

scholarly journals Caesar in Vietnam: Did Roman Soldiers Suffer from Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder?

2011 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
AISLINN MELCHIOR
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Vietnam War ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Ancient World ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Post Traumatic

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) made its first appearance in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders in 1980, partly as a result of the ongoing treatment of veterans from the Vietnam War. Although PTSD is not only or even primarily a disorder caused by combat, combat is a regular trigger and my chief concern in what follows. Therefore I will not be examining such evidence as exists for the psychological traumas of civilians in the ancient world who were exposed to violence, rape, enslavement, or the execution of family members in the context of conquest. My focus is on the soldier.

Prevention of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arieh Y. Shalev ◽  
Anna C. Barbano ◽  
Wei Qi ◽  
Charles R. Marmar
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Early Development ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Events ◽  
Trauma Exposure ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Post Traumatic

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) follows an exposure to traumatic events and as such its onset and early development are better charted then those of most other mental disorders. It is not surprising, therefore, that major efforts have been dedicated to preventing its occurrence before, during and after trauma exposure. This chapter discusses the rationale, desirability, feasibility and outcome of interventions designed to prevent PTSD. Several efficient interventions have been documented. Barriers to their early implementations, however, greatly reduce their effectiveness and require urgent attention.

Self-esteem, personality and post traumatic stress symptoms following the dissolution of a dating relationship

2002 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Man Cheung Chung ◽  
Steven Farmer ◽  
Keren Grant ◽  
Rebecca Newton ◽  
Sally Payne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Symptoms ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Dating Relationship

Post-traumatic stress in former Ugandan child soldiers

The Lancet ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 363 (9412) ◽  
pp. 861-863 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilse Derluyn ◽  
Eric Broekaert ◽  
Gilberte Schuyten ◽  
Els De Temmerman
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Child Soldiers ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Post Traumatic

Post-traumatic stress in former Ugandan child soldiers

The Lancet ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 363 (9421) ◽  
pp. 1646-1647 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilse Derluyn ◽  
Eric Broekaert ◽  
Gilberte Schuyten
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Child Soldiers ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Post Traumatic

scholarly journals Penanganan Anak Korban Domestic Violence

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 52
Author(s):  
Ananditya Sukma ◽  
Sasanti Juniar
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Group Counseling ◽  
Child Neglect ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Sense Of Self ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Parent Child Interaction Therapy ◽  
Post Traumatic

Selain perempuan, anak merupakan korban tersering dalam domestic violence. Sebagian besar merupakan korban child neglect, diikuti physical abuse dan sexual abuse. Penganiayaan yang dialami saat kecil membuat anak rentan mengalami attachment yang insecure, low self esteem, regulasi emosi yang tidak baik, sense of self yang buruk, kesulitan untuk percaya pada orang lain, penolakan dari teman sebaya, dan pencapaian prestasi pendidikan yang buruk. Psikopatologi yang muncul rentan membuat anak mengalami gangguan jiwa seperti Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), penyalahgunaan zat, gangguan tingkah laku dan depresi. Terdapat beberapa penanganan untuk anak-anak korban domestic violence antara lain: Play therapy, Parent-Child Interaction Therapy (PCIT), Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (TF-CBT), Group counseling.

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