scholarly journals Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and anxiety disorders as precursors of bipolar disorder onset in adulthood

2018 ◽  
Vol 213 (3) ◽  
pp. 555-560 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra M. Meier ◽  
Barbara Pavlova ◽  
Søren Dalsgaard ◽  
Merete Nordentoft ◽  
Ole Mors ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Survival Models ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

BackgroundAttention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and anxiety disorders have been proposed as precursors of bipolar disorder, but their joint and relative roles in the development of bipolar disorder are unknown.AimsTo test the prospective relationship of ADHD and anxiety with onset of bipolar disorder.MethodWe examined the relationship between ADHD, anxiety disorders and bipolar disorder in a birth cohort of 2 409 236 individuals born in Denmark between 1955 and 1991. Individuals were followed from their sixteenth birthday or from January 1995 to their first clinical contact for bipolar disorder or until December 2012. We calculated incidence rates per 10 000 person-years and tested the effects of prior diagnoses on the risk of bipolar disorder in survival models.ResultsOver 37 394 865 person-years follow-up, 9250 onsets of bipolar disorder occurred. The incidence rate of bipolar disorder was 2.17 (95% CI 2.12–2.19) in individuals with no prior diagnosis of ADHD or anxiety, 23.86 (95% CI 19.98–27.75) in individuals with a prior diagnosis of ADHD only, 26.05 (95% CI 24.47–27.62) in individuals with a prior diagnosis of anxiety only and 66.16 (95% CI 44.83–87.47) in those with prior diagnoses of both ADHD and anxiety. The combination of ADHD and anxiety increased the risk of bipolar disorder 30-fold (95% CI 21.66–41.40) compared with those with no prior ADHD or anxiety.ConclusionsEarly manifestations of both internalising and externalising psychopathology indicate liability to bipolar disorder. The combination of ADHD and anxiety is associated with a very high risk of bipolar disorder.Declaration of interestNone.

Young adult outcome of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: a controlled 10-year follow-up study

2006 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOSEPH BIEDERMAN ◽  
MICHAEL C. MONUTEAUX ◽  
ERIC MICK ◽  
THOMAS SPENCER ◽  
TIMOTHY E. WILENS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Lifetime Prevalence ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Oppositional Defiant ◽  
Wide Range

Background. Our objective was to estimate the lifetime prevalence of psychopathology in a sample of youth with and without attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) through young adulthood using contemporaneous diagnostic and analytic techniques.Method. We conducted a case-control, 10-year prospective study of ADHD youth. At baseline, we assessed consecutively referred male, Caucasian children with (n=140) and without (n=120) DSM-III-R ADHD, aged 6–18 years, ascertained from psychiatric and pediatric sources to allow for generalizability of results. At the 10-year follow-up, 112 (80%) and 105 (88%) of the ADHD and control children, respectively, were reassessed (mean age 22 years). We created the following categories of psychiatric disorders: Major Psychopathology (mood disorders and psychosis), Anxiety Disorders, Antisocial Disorders (conduct, oppositional-defiant, and antisocial personality disorder), Developmental Disorders (elimination, language, and tics disorder), and Substance Dependence Disorders (alcohol, drug, and nicotine dependence), as measured by blinded structured diagnostic interview.Results. The lifetime prevalence for all categories of psychopathology were significantly greater in ADHD young adults compared to controls, with hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals of 6·1 (3·5–10·7), 2·2 (1·5–3·2), 5·9 (3·9–8·8), 2·5 (1·7–3·6), and 2·0 (1·3–3·0), respectively, for the categories described above.Conclusions. By their young adult years, ADHD youth were at high risk for a wide range of adverse psychiatric outcomes including markedly elevated rates of antisocial, addictive, mood and anxiety disorders. These prospective findings provide further evidence for the high morbidity associated with ADHD across the life-cycle and stress the importance of early recognition of this disorder for prevention and intervention strategies.

A prospective follow-up study of pediatric bipolar disorder in boys with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

2004 ◽  
Vol 82 ◽  
pp. S17-S23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Biederman ◽  
Eric Mick ◽  
Stephen V. Faraone ◽  
Stephanie Van Patten ◽  
Melissa Burback ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Pediatric Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Follow Up Study

scholarly journals Cerebellum and psychiatric disorders

2008 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 281-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo Baldaçara ◽  
João Guilherme Fiorani Borgio ◽  
Acioly Luiz Tavares de Lacerda ◽  
Andrea Parolin Jackowski
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Imaging Studies ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this update article is to report structural and functional neuroimaging studies exploring the potential role of cerebellum in the pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders. METHOD: A non-systematic literature review was conducted by means of Medline using the following terms as a parameter: "cerebellum", "cerebellar vermis", "schizophrenia", "bipolar disorder", "depression", "anxiety disorders", "dementia" and "attention deficit hyperactivity disorder". The electronic search was done up to April 2008. DISCUSSION: Structural and functional cerebellar abnormalities have been reported in many psychiatric disorders, namely schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder, anxiety disorders, dementia and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Structural magnetic resonance imaging studies have reported smaller total cerebellar and vermal volumes in schizophrenia, mood disorders and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Functional magnetic resonance imaging studies using cognitive paradigms have shown alterations in cerebellar activity in schizophrenia, anxiety disorders and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. In dementia, the cerebellum is affected in later stages of the disease. CONCLUSION: Contrasting with early theories, cerebellum appears to play a major role in different brain functions other than balance and motor control, including emotional regulation and cognition. Future studies are clearly needed to further elucidate the role of cerebellum in both normal and pathological behavior, mood regulation, and cognitive functioning.

scholarly journals Investigating the relationship of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and eating disorders in adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 01-11
Author(s):  
Mohammad Reza Khodabakhsh ◽  
Seyed Hesam Ahmadian Hoseini
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Eating Attitudes ◽  
Self Report ◽  
World Health ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

ADHD is a neurodevelopmental disorder which starts from childhood and early juvenility and can even continue until adolescence. It is noticeable with three factors: hyperactivity, attention inability, and Impulsivity. Researches have demonstrated that the main symptoms of ADHD is also present in patients diagnosed with eating disorders. The goal of the present study is to investigate the relationship of Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and eating disorders in adults.The present study is a correlational study with a cross sectional descriptive method. The sample contains of 150 people chosen from adults using random sampling method. All of the participants answered the Eating attitudes scale (Garner and Garfinkel, 1982) and the Adult ADHD self-report scale (world health organization, 1994). The data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and Spearman correlation coefficient.Considering the result of current study it can be said that ADHD and Eating disorders are related to one another, because based on the evidence gathered, these two variables have similar neurobiological properties and clinical features, and thus ADHD has the ability of eating disorder occurrence anticipation.   Keyword: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; Diet;  Eating disorder; Impulsivity

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