scholarly journals Psychotherapy plus antidepressant for panic disorder with or without agoraphobia

2006 ◽  
Vol 188 (4) ◽  
pp. 305-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshi A. Furukawa ◽  
Norio Watanabe ◽  
Rachel Churchill
Keyword(s):  
Panic Disorder ◽  
Acute Phase ◽  
Antidepressant Treatment ◽  
Combined Therapy ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Acute Phase Treatment

BackgroundPanic disorder can be treated with psychotherapy, pharmacotherapy or a combination of both.AimsTo summarise the evidence concerning the short- and long-term benefits and adverse effects of a combination of psychotherapy and antidepressant treatment.MethodMeta-analyses and meta-regressions were undertaken using data from all relevant randomised controlled trials identified by a comprehensive literature search. The primary outcome was relative risk (RR) of response.ResultsWe identified 23 randomised comparisons (21 trials involving a total of 1709 patients). In the acute-phase treatment, the combined therapy was superior to antidepressant pharmacotherapy (RR=1.24, 95% CI 1.02–1.52) or psychotherapy (RR=1.16, 95%CI 1.03–1.30). After termination of the acute-phase treatment, the combined therapy was more effective than pharmacotherapy alone (RR=1.61, 95% CI 1.23–2.11) and was as effective as psychotherapy (RR=0.96, 95% CI 0.79–1.16).ConclusionsEither combined therapy or psychotherapy alone may be chosen as first-line treatment for panic disorder with or without agoraphobia, depending on the patient's preferences.

scholarly journals Comparative efficacy and acceptability of antidepressants in the long-term treatment of major depression: protocol for a systematic review and networkmeta-analysis

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. e027574 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiyomi Shinohara ◽  
Orestis Efthimiou ◽  
Edoardo G Ostinelli ◽  
Anneka Tomlinson ◽  
John R Geddes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depression ◽  
Acute Phase ◽  
Antidepressant Treatment ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Relative Efficacy ◽  
Comparative Efficacy ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
Acute Phase Treatment

IntroductionPharmacotherapy plays an important role in the treatment of major depression. At the initiation of antidepressant treatment, both improvement of symptoms in the short term and relapse prevention in the long term should be taken into account. However, there is insufficient evidence regarding the efficacy and the acceptability of continuation/maintenance treatments and the relative efficacy/acceptability of antidepressants.ObjectiveWe will conduct a pairwise meta-analysis and a network meta-analysis (NMA) to examine the relative efficacy, tolerability and acceptability of antidepressants in the long-term treatment of major depression.Methods and analysisWe will include double-blind randomised controlled trials comparing any of the following antidepressants, which we included in our previous NMA of the acute treatment for major depression, with placebo or with another active drug for long-term treatment of major depression: agomelatine, amitriptyline, bupropion, citalopram, clomipramine, desvenlafaxine, duloxetine, escitalopram, fluoxetine, fluvoxamine, levomilnacipran, milnacipran, mirtazapine, nefazodone, paroxetine, reboxetine, sertraline, trazodone, venlafaxine, vilazodone and vortioxetine. Our primary outcomes will be sustained response and all-cause dropouts. We will include four types of designs that are used to investigate long-term treatment. We will conduct two main analyses. First, we will conduct a pairwise meta-analysis comparing all antidepressants versus placebo to investigate whether continuing antidepressants after achieving a positive response in the acute-phase treatment is beneficial and/or safe. Second, we will conduct an NMA to examine the comparative efficacy and acceptability of the drugs. We will use a novel approach that will combine the results of acute-phase treatment NMA with long-term treatment studies to include all related designs in the NMA. We will ensure the validity of combining different designs and our new approach by checking the distribution of important effect modifiers and consistency of network.Ethics and disseminationThis study did not require ethical approval. We will disseminate our findings by publishing results in a peer-reviewed journal.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42018114561; Pre-results.

Self-exposure therapy for panic disorder with agoraphobia

2001 ◽  
Vol 178 (4) ◽  
pp. 331-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. M. Ito ◽  
L. A. De Araujo ◽  
V. L. C. Tess ◽  
T. P. De Barros-Neto ◽  
F. R. Asbahr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Panic Disorder ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Post Entry ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
Interoceptive Cues

BackgroundExposure to external phobic cues is an effective therapy for panic/agoraphobia but the value of exposure to interoceptive cues is unclear.AimsRandomised controlled comparison in panic/agoraphobia of the effects of (a) external, (b) interoceptive or (c) combined external and interoceptive self-exposure to (d) control subjects.MethodEighty out-patients were randomised to a control group or to one of three forms of self-exposure treatment (external, interoceptive, or combined). Each treatment included seven sessions over 10 weeks and daily self-exposure homework. Assessments were at pre- and post-treatment and up to 1 year post-entry. Assessors remained blind during treatment.ResultsThe three self-exposure groups improved significantly and similarly at post-treatment and up to 1-year follow-up, and significantly more than did the control subjects. Rates of improvement on main outcome measures averaged 60% at post-treatment and 77% at follow-up.ConclusionsThe three methods of self-exposure were equally effective in reducing panic and agoraphobic symptoms in the short- and long-term.

Increase associated risk of gynaecological cancer due to long-term exposure to high concentration of atmospheric SO2 industrial pollutant

2021 ◽  
pp. 1420326X2110036
Author(s):  
Qian Xu ◽  
Chan Lu ◽  
Rachael Gakii Murithi ◽  
Lanqin Cao
Keyword(s):  
Time Windows ◽  
Air Pollutant ◽  
Gynaecological Cancer ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
The Past ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Air Quality Monitoring Stations ◽  
Control Study

A cohort case–control study was conducted in XiangYa Hospital, Changsha, China, which involved 305 patients and 399 healthy women, from June 2010 to December 2018, to evaluate the association between Chinese women’s short- and long-term exposure to industrial air pollutant, SO2 and gynaecological cancer (GC). We obtained personal and family information from the XiangYa Hospital electronic computer medical records. Using data obtained from the air quality monitoring stations in Changsha, we estimated each woman’s exposure to the industrial air pollutant, sulphur dioxide (SO2), for different time windows, including the past 1, 5, 10 and 15 years before diagnosis of the disease. A multiple logistic regression model was used to assess the association between GC and SO2 exposure. GC was significantly associated with long-term SO2 exposure, with adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval) = 1.56 (1.10–2.21) and 1.81 (1.07–3.06) for a per interquartile range increase in the past 10 and 15 years, respectively. Sensitivity analysis showed that different groups reacted in different ways to long-term SO2 exposure. We concluded that long-term exposure to high concentration of industrial pollutant, SO2 is associated with the development of GC. This finding has implications for the prevention and reduction of GC.

scholarly journals Thirty-year outcome of anxiety and depressive disorders and personality status: comprehensive evaluation of mixed symptoms and the general neurotic syndrome in the follow-up of a randomised controlled trial

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Peter Tyrer ◽  
Helen Tyrer ◽  
Tony Johnson ◽  
Min Yang
Keyword(s):  
Randomised Controlled Trial ◽  
Panic Disorder ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Term Outcome ◽  
Long Term Outcome ◽  
Personality Dysfunction ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
Anxiety Depression

Abstract Background Cohort studies of the long-term outcome of anxiety, depression and personality status rarely join together. Methods Two hundred and ten patients recruited with anxiety and depression to a randomised controlled trial between 1983 and 1987 (Nottingham Study of Neurotic Disorder) were followed up over 30 years. At trial entry personality status was assessed, together with the general neurotic syndrome, a combined diagnosis of mixed anxiety–depression (cothymia) linked to neurotic personality traits. Personality assessment used a procedure allowing conversion of data to the ICD-11 severity classification of personality disorder. After the original trial, seven further assessments were made. Observer and self-ratings of psychopathology and global outcome were also made. The primary outcome at 30 years was the proportion of those with no Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) diagnosis. Data were analysed using multilevel repeated measures models that adjusted for age and gender. Missing data were assumed to be missing at random, and the models allowed all subjects to be included in the analysis with missing data automatically handled in the model estimation. Results At 30 years, 69% of those with a baseline diagnosis of panic disorder had no DSM diagnosis compared to 37–47% of those with generalised anxiety disorder, dysthymia or mixed symptoms (cothymia) (p = 0.027). Apart from those with no personality dysfunction at entry all patients had worse outcomes after 30 years with regard to total psychopathology, anxiety and depression, social function and global outcome. Conclusions The long-term outcome of disorders formerly called ‘neurotic’ is poor with the exception of panic disorder. Personality dysfunction accentuates poor recovery.

scholarly journals Environmental and social sustainability priorities

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 216-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annachiara Longoni ◽  
Raffaella Cagliano
Keyword(s):  
Business Strategy ◽  
Social Sustainability ◽  
Operations Strategy ◽  
Manufacturing Strategy ◽  
Competitive Priorities ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Term Performance

Purpose – Environmental and social sustainability are becoming key competitive priorities for companies, but the way in which they are integrated in operations strategies remains an open issue. The purpose of this paper is to determine whether established operations strategy configuration models (i.e. price-oriented, market-oriented and capability-oriented models) are modified to include environmental and social priorities and whether different operations strategy configuration models are equally successful in the short and long term. Design/methodology/approach – Analyses were performed using data from the International Manufacturing Strategy Survey (2009), including companies in the assembly industry in 21 different countries. According to previous studies, cluster analysis of competitive priorities and ANOVA analysis of the business strategy and short- and long-term performance were performed. Findings – The results show that traditional operations strategy configuration models are slightly modified. Market-oriented and capability-oriented operations strategies are complemented by environmental and social sustainability priorities. These operations strategies are adopted by companies with a differentiation and innovation business strategy. Moreover, capability-oriented companies, which are the most committed to environmental and social sustainability, perform better in both the short and long term. Practical implications – This research shows to companies that traditional operations strategies focusing on specific competitive priorities (e.g. low price) are being replaced by more holistic strategies that include sustainability priorities. However, environmental and social priorities contribute to competitive advantage when complementing capability-oriented operations strategies. Originality/value – This paper extends operations strategy configuration models highlighting how environmental and social sustainability priorities can be deployed together with traditional competitive operations priorities.

Creativity in the hospitality and tourism industry: a meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xi Ouyang ◽  
Zhiqiang Liu ◽  
Chenglin Gui
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Uncertainty Avoidance ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Employee Creativity ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Cultural Elements ◽  
Hospitality And Tourism ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Meta Analyses

Purpose Underpinned by the ability–motivation–opportunity framework, this paper aims to establish a framework of employee creativity antecedents in the hospitality and tourism industries and meta-analytically examine the magnitude of effect sizes as well as the moderating effects of cultural factors. Design/methodology/approach A meta-analysis using data from 82 independent studies was conducted to explore the hypothesized relationships and verify how they were contingent on uncertainty avoidance and long-term orientation. Findings The results supported the majority of hypotheses about the relationships between antecedents and creativity. Furthermore, they showed that the effects of intrinsic motivation, positive affect and climate for innovation on creativity in the hospitality and tourism industries were significantly larger than those reported in previous meta-analyses. It also showed that uncertainty avoidance and long-term orientation could buffer or strengthen some associations. Practical implications This study generates some essential managerial suggestions for organizations in need of innovation. Managers can learn from the results so as to effectively promote the ability, motivation and opportunity for creativity and merge cultural elements with innovation strategy when they operate globally. Originality/value This study provides a theory-based explanation for how employee creativity can be activated. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is a first attempt to meta-analytically test the underlying determinants of employee creativity in the hospitality and tourism industries. Additionally, the search for boundary conditions of the proposed relationships is likely to reconcile existing conflicts and inspire future studies.

scholarly journals Short and Long-term Effects of Coronary Thrombolysis in Acute Myocardial Infarction : The treatments for myocardial infarction in acute phase

1993 ◽  
Vol 56 (SupplementV) ◽  
pp. 1409-1413
Author(s):  
Takeshi Motomiya ◽  
Yoshiki Tokuyasu ◽  
Harumizu Sakurada ◽  
Osamu Yanase ◽  
Shuzo Nomura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Acute Phase ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Coronary Thrombolysis ◽  
Short And Long Term

scholarly journals Acute Phase Reactants in Infections: Evidence-Based Review and a Guide for Clinicians

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anurag Markanday
Keyword(s):  
Acute Phase ◽  
English Language ◽  
Biological Marker ◽  
Acute Phase Reactants ◽  
Medline Search ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Guidance Strategies ◽  
Published Evidence ◽  
Meta Analyses

Abstract Acute-phase reactants such as erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein have traditionally been used as markers for inflammation and as a measure of “sickness index” in infectious and noninfectious conditions. In the last decade, more data have become available on the wider and more specific role for these markers in the management of complex infections. This includes the potential role in early diagnosis, in differentiating infectious from noninfectious causes, as a prognostic marker, and in antibiotic guidance strategies. A better defined role for biological markers as a supplement to clinical assessment may lead to more judicious antibiotic prescriptions, and it has the potential for a long-term favorable impact on antimicrobial stewardship and antibiotic resistance. Procalcitonin as a biological marker has been of particular interest in this regard. This review examines the current published evidence and summarizes the role of various acute-phase markers in infections. A MEDLINE search of English-language articles on acute-phase reactants and infections published between 1986 and March 2015 was conducted. Additional articles were also identified through a search of references from the retrieved articles, published guidelines, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses.

scholarly journals The short and long term effects of exercise training in non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis – a randomised controlled trial

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annemarie L Lee ◽  
Catherine J Hill ◽  
Nola Cecins ◽  
Sue Jenkins ◽  
Christine F McDonald ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Randomised Controlled Trial ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Randomised Controlled
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