scholarly journals Case–control study of neurocognitive function in euthymic patients with bipolar disorder: An association with mania

2002 ◽  
Vol 180 (4) ◽  
pp. 320-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. T. O. Cavanagh ◽  
M. Van Beck ◽  
W Muir ◽  
D. H. R. Blackwood
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Learning And Memory ◽  
Verbal Learning ◽  
Disease Process ◽  
First Episode ◽  
State Variables ◽  
Neurocognitive Impairments ◽  
Adherence To Medication ◽  
Process Effects ◽  
Healthy Community

BackgroundNeurocognitive impairments in euthymic patients with bipolar disorder may represent trait rather than state variables.AimsTo test the hypothesis that euthymic patients with bipolar disorder would exhibit impairment in verbal learning and memory and executive function compared with healthy controls matched for age, gender and premorbid IQ.MethodTwenty euthymic patients with bipolar disorder were matched, on a case-by-case basis, to twenty healthy community controls. Cases and controls were tested with a battery of neuropsychological tests.ResultsImpairments were found in cases compared with controls in tests of verbal learning and memory. Verbal learning and memory correlated negatively with the number of manic episodes.ConclusionsImpaired verbal learning and memory may be a trait variable in bipolar disease. There are implications for adherence to medication and relapse and for the role of early treatment interventions. Prospective designs and targeting first-episode groups may help to differentiate trait v. disease process effects.

scholarly journals Neuropsychological profile of patients with bipolar depression in remission

2005 ◽  
Vol 62 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 543-550 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanja Totic-Poznanovic ◽  
Dragan Marinkovic ◽  
Dragan Pavlovic ◽  
Vladimir Paunovic
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Executive Functions ◽  
Learning And Memory ◽  
Bipolar Depression ◽  
Verbal Learning ◽  
Bipolar Affective Disorder ◽  
Control Group ◽  
State Variables ◽  
Neuropsychological Profile ◽  
Clinical Measures

Aim. To determine if the patients with bipolar affective disorder, after the depressive phase, would exhibit cognitive impairment in remission. Methods. Twenty three euthymic patients with bipolar disorder were matched, on a case-by-case basis, to twenty-one healthy subjects in the control group, for the presence of the symptoms of depression. The patients and the control group were tested with a battery of neuropsychological tests. Results. Impairments were found in the patients compared with the control group in tests of verbal learning and memory and in tests of executive function. Verbal learning and memory, as well as executive functions, did not correlate either with the clinical indices of patients, or with the demographic and baseline clinical measures of depression. Conclusion. Impaired verbal learning and memory and executive functions may represent a trait rather than the state variables in bipolar disorder.

scholarly journals Sex Differences in Cognitive Functioning in At-Risk Mental State for Psychosis, First Episode Psychosis and Healthy Control Subjects

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 242-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Ittig ◽  
E. Studerus ◽  
M. Papmeyer ◽  
M. Uttinger ◽  
S. Koranyi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Learning And Memory ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Verbal Learning ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Episode Psychosis ◽  
At Risk Mental State

AbstractBackground:Several sex differences in schizophrenia have been reported including differences in cognitive functioning. Studies with schizophrenia patients and healthy controls (HC) indicate that the sex advantage for women in verbal domains is also present in schizophrenia patients. However, findings have been inconsistent. No study focused on sex-related cognitive performance differences in at-risk mental state for psychosis (ARMS) individuals yet. Thus, the aim of the present study was to investigate sex differences in cognitive functioning in ARMS, first episode psychosis (FEP) and HC subjects. We expected a better verbal learning and memory performance of women in all groups.Methods:The neuropsychological data analysed in this study were collected within the prospective Früherkennung von Psychosen (FePsy) study. In total, 118 ARMS, 88 FEP individuals and 86 HC completed a cognitive test battery covering the domains of executive functions, attention, working memory, verbal learning and memory, IQ and speed of processing.Results:Women performed better in verbal learning and memory regardless of diagnostic group. By contrast, men as compared to women showed a shorter reaction time during the working memory task across all groups.Conclusion:The results provide evidence that women generally perform better in verbal learning and memory, independent of diagnostic group (ARMS, FEP, HC). The finding of a shorter reaction time for men in the working memory task could indicate that men have a superior working memory performance since they responded faster during the target trials, while maintaining a comparable overall working memory performance level.

scholarly journals Neurocognitive impairment in unaffected siblings of youth with bipolar disorder

2008 ◽  
Vol 39 (8) ◽  
pp. 1253-1263 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. E. Doyle ◽  
J. Wozniak ◽  
T. E. Wilens ◽  
A. Henin ◽  
L. J. Seidman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Executive Functions ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Verbal Learning ◽  
Interference Control ◽  
Abstract Problem ◽  
Memory Interference ◽  
Neurocognitive Impairments

BackgroundThere is growing evidence for the familiality of pediatric bipolar disorder (BPD) and its association with impairments on measures of processing speed, verbal learning and ‘executive’ functions. The current study investigated whether these neurocognitive impairments index the familial risk underlying the diagnosis.MethodSubjects were 170 youth with BPD (mean age 12.3 years), their 118 non-mood-disordered siblings and 79 non-mood-disordered controls. Groups were compared on a battery of neuropsychological tests from the Wechsler Intelligence Scales, the Stroop Color Word Test, the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST), the Rey–Osterrieth Complex Figure (ROCF), an auditory working memory Continuous Performance Test (CPT) and the California Verbal Learning Test – Children's Version (CVLT-C). Measures were factor analyzed for data reduction purposes. All analyses controlled for age, sex and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).ResultsPrincipal components analyses with a promax rotation yielded three factors reflecting: (1) processing speed/verbal learning, (2) working memory/interference control and (3) abstract problem solving. The CPT working memory measure with interference filtering demands (WM INT) was only administered to subjects aged ⩾12 years and was therefore analyzed separately. BPD youth showed impairments versus controls and unaffected relatives on all three factors and on the WM INT. Unaffected relatives exhibited impairments versus controls on the abstract problem-solving factor and the WM INT. They also showed a statistical trend (p=0.07) towards worse performance on the working memory/interference control factor.ConclusionsNeurocognitive impairments in executive functions may reflect the familial neurobiological risk mechanisms underlying pediatric BPD and may have utility as endophenotypes in molecular genetic studies of the condition.

Verbal Learning and Memory in At-risk Mental State and First Episode Psychosis Patients and Their Correlates to Brain Structural Alterations

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S103-S103
Author(s):  
L. Egloff ◽  
C. Lenz ◽  
E. Studerus ◽  
U. Heitz ◽  
S. Menghini-Müller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Learning And Memory ◽  
Mental State ◽  
Latent Variables ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Verbal Learning ◽  
First Episode Psychosis ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Episode Psychosis ◽  
At Risk Mental State

IntroductionPatients with a first episode psychosis (FEP) have repeatedly been shown to have gray matter (GM) volume alterations. Some of these neuroanatomical abnormalities are already evident in the at-risk mental state (ARMS) for psychosis. Not only GM alterations but also neurocognitive impairments predate the onset of frank psychosis with verbal learning and memory (VLM) being among the most impaired domains. Yet, their interconnection with alterations in GM volumes remains ambiguous.ObjectiveTo evaluate associations of different subcortical GM volumes in the medial temporal lobe with VLM performance in ARMS and FEP patients.MethodsData were collected within the prospective Früherkennung von Psychosen (FePsy) study, which aims to improve the early detection of psychosis. VLM was assessed using the California Verbal Learning Test (CVLT) and its latent variables Attention Span (AS), Learning Efficiency (LE), Delayed Memory (DM) and Inaccurate Memory (IM). Structural images were acquired using a 3 Tesla magnetic resonance imaging scanner.ResultsData from 59 ARMS and 47 FEP patients were analysed. Structural equation models revealed significant associations between the amygdala and AS, LE and IM; thalamus and LE and IM; and the caudate, hippocampus and putamen with IM. However, none of these significant results withstood correction for multiple testing.ConclusionsAlthough VLM is among the most impaired cognitive domains in emerging psychosis, we could not find an association between low performance in this domain and reductions in subcortical GM volumes. Our results suggest that deficits in this domain may not stem from alterations in subcortical structures.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Impairment of verbal learning and memory and executive function in unaffected siblings of probands with bipolar disorder

2010 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 647-656 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandip Kulkarni ◽  
Sanjeev Jain ◽  
YC Janardhan Reddy ◽  
Keshav J Kumar ◽  
Thennarasu Kandavel
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Learning And Memory ◽  
Verbal Learning

Cognitive insight and verbal memory in first episode of psychosis

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 368-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Lepage ◽  
Lisa Buchy ◽  
Michael Bodnar ◽  
Marie-Claude Bertrand ◽  
Ridha Joober ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Learning And Memory ◽  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Visual Learning ◽  
Verbal Learning ◽  
Composite Index ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Neurocognitive Functions ◽  
Cognitive Insight ◽  
Positive And Negative Symptoms

AbstractBeck and collaborators have proposed a distinction between clinical insight and cognitive insight and have developed a tool for the assessment of the latter, namely the Beck Cognitive Insight Scale (BCIS). The present study explored in 51 patients with a first episode of psychosis the neurocognitive correlates of cognitive insight as assessed with the BCIS. Global measures for seven domains of cognition including verbal learning and memory, visual learning and memory, working memory, speed of processing, reasoning and problem solving, attention, and social cognition were examined. Secondly, we examined whether two clinical insight measures, the Scale to assess Unawareness of Mental Disorder (SUMD) and the insight item from the Positive and Negative Symptoms Scale (PANSS), could produce similar or different patterns of association with neurocognitive functions as those identified with the BCIS. Correlational analyses revealed significant associations between the BCIS Composite Index and the verbal learning and memory. No significant associations were observed between any of the neurocognitive domains and the PANSS or SUMD clinical insight measures, despite high inter-correlations among the three insight measures. These results suggest that cognitive insight, but not clinical insight, may rely on memory processes whereby current experiences are appraised based on previous ones.

scholarly journals Empirical evidence for discrete neurocognitive subgroups in bipolar disorder: clinical implications

2014 ◽  
Vol 44 (14) ◽  
pp. 3083-3096 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. E. Burdick ◽  
M. Russo ◽  
S. Frangou ◽  
K. Mahon ◽  
R. J. Braga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Social Cognition ◽  
Verbal Learning ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Optimal Number ◽  
Clinical Factors ◽  
Intact Group ◽  
Neurocognitive Impairments ◽  
Significant Impairment ◽  
Individual Profiles

BackgroundRecent data suggest trait-like neurocognitive impairments in bipolar disorder (BPD), with deficits about 1 s.d.below average, less severe than deficits noted in schizophrenia. The frequency of significant impairment in BPD is approximately 60%, with 40% of patients characterized as cognitively spared. This contrasts with a more homogeneous presentation in schizophrenia. It is not understood why some BPD patients develop deficits while others do not.MethodA total of 136 patients with BPD completed the MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery and data were entered into hierarchical cluster analyses to: (1) determine the optimal number of clusters (subgroups) that fit the sample; and (2) assign subjects to a specific cluster based on individual profiles. We then compared subgroups on several clinical factors and real-world community functioning.ResultsThree distinct neurocognitive subgroups were found: (1) an intact group with performance comparable with healthy controls on all domains but with superior social cognition; (2) a selective impairment group with moderate deficits on processing speed, attention, verbal learning and social cognition and normal functioning in other domains; and (3) a global impairment group with severe deficits across all cognitive domains comparable with deficits in schizophrenia.ConclusionsThese results suggest the presence of multiple cognitive subgroups in BPD with unique profiles and begin to address the relationships between these subgroups, several clinical factors and functional outcome. Next steps will include using these data to help guide future efforts to target these disabling symptoms with treatment.

scholarly journals The functional impairment of different subtypes and occupational states in euthymic patients with bipolar disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinyu Liu ◽  
Xiaojuan Ma ◽  
Wenchen Wang ◽  
Jian Zhang ◽  
Xia Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Social Functioning ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Verbal Learning ◽  
Occupational Status ◽  
Learning Performance ◽  
Neurocognitive Functioning ◽  
Type I ◽  
Speed Of Processing ◽  
Occupational Functioning

Abstract Background The aim was to explore the associations between clinical symptoms, demographic variables, social and neurocognitive functioning in euthymic patients with bipolar disorder (BD) stratified by subgroups of DSM-IV BD (type I (BD-I) and type II (BD-II)) and occupational status (employed/unemployed), and to highlight the significance of occupational status when assessing social and neurocognitive functioning in euthymic BD patients. Methods A total of 81 euthymic BD patients were participated in the study. The severity of the depressive and manic/hypomanic symptoms was measured using the 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS-17) and the Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS), respectively. Social functioning and neurocognitive functioning were evaluated by the Functioning Assessment Short Test (FAST) and neurocognitive measures, respectively. Results Employed BD patients displayed greater social functioning (autonomy, occupational functioning, interpersonal relationship domain) and better verbal learning performance and speed of processing than unemployed BD patients. The correlation between neurocognitive functioning and social functioning was stronger in the employed group than in the unemployed group. There were no significant differences in neurocognitive and social functioning between the BD-I and BD-II groups, and the correlation between neurocognitive functioning and social functioning was similar between the BD-I and BD-II groups. Conclusion Employed BD patients may present greater occupational functioning and interpersonal relationships, as well as better verbal learning performance and speed of processing.

scholarly journals CTNI-51. NEUROCOGNITIVE FUNCTION (NCF) OUTCOMES OF RTOG FOUNDATION 3508: A PHASE 3 TRIAL OF ABT-414 WITH CONCURRENT CHEMORADIATION AND ADJUVANT TEMOZOLOMIDE IN PATIENTS WITH EGFR-AMPLIFIED NEWLY DIAGNOSED GBM

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. ii54-ii54
Author(s):  
Jeffrey S Wefel ◽  
Minhee Won ◽  
Andrew Lassman ◽  
Yaakov Stern ◽  
Tony Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Learning And Memory ◽  
Verbal Learning ◽  
Concurrent Chemoradiation ◽  
Reliable Change Index ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Total Recall ◽  
Phase 3 ◽  
Delayed Recall ◽  
Adjuvant Temozolomide ◽  
Over Time

Abstract RTOG 3508/AbbVie M13-813/INTELLANCE-1 was a phase 3 trial of depatuximab-mafodotin (depatux-m, formerly ABT-414) that accrued 639 patients with EGFR-amplified newly diagnosed GBM. At the pre-specified interim OS analysis, the futility criteria were met and there was no survival benefit from adding depatux-m to SOC. Pre-specified secondary NCF analyses included time to decline in verbal learning and memory as assessed by the HVLT-R Total Recall based on the reliable change index. Exploratory NCF analyses examined changes in other HVLT-R outcomes over time. As corneal epitheliopathy causing visual impairment is a known toxicity of depatux-m, NCF tests that did not depend on visual acuity were employed. NCF testing occurred at baseline, day 1 of the first cycle of adjuvant depatux-m, every other cycle (i.e., 8 weeks) thereafter, and at progression. Compliance with test completion was 95% at screening and 80%, 70%, 58%, 51%, 47% thereafter through cycle 9. The most common reasons for missing data was site error. Time to HVLT-R Total Recall decline trended worse in the depatux-m arm compared to placebo but the difference was not significant (12 month deterioration: 41.2%, 95% CI: 3.50–47.2 vs 32.4%, 95% CI: 26.6- 38.4, p=0.052). The depatux-m arm, in comparison to the placebo arm, showed greater decline from baseline on the HVLT-R at the following time points: cycle 3 (Total Recall: mean= -1.8, SD=5.7 vs mean= -0.5, SD=5.5, respectively, p=0.046; Delayed Recall: mean= -1.1, SD=3.0 vs. mean= -0.2, SD=2.7, respectively, p=0.01), cycle 7 (Total Recall: mean= -0.6, SD=5.1 vs mean= 1.4, SD=5.0, respectively, p=0.009; Delayed Recall: mean -0.6, SD=3.0 vs. mean= 0.5, SD=2.7, respectively, p=0.01), and cycle 9 (Delayed Recall: mean=-0.4, SD=2.7 vs. mean= 0.8, SD=2.4, respectively, p=0.003). Depatux-m added to concurrent chemoradiation and adjuvant temozolomide was associated with faster time to deterioration and worse episodic learning and memory over time than placebo.

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