scholarly journals Psychosocial and psychiatric risk factors for suicide

2000 ◽  
Vol 177 (4) ◽  
pp. 360-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew T. A. Cheng ◽  
Tony H. H. Chen ◽  
Chwen-Chen Chen ◽  
Rachel Jenkins
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Depressive Episode ◽  
Suicidal Behaviour ◽  
Substance Dependence ◽  
Major Depressive Episode ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Psychological Autopsy ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Loss Event ◽  
The Individual

BackgroundFew studies of suicide have simultaneously examined the individual and combined effects of psychosocial and psychiatric risk factors.AimsTo do so in a representative sample of suicides.MethodA case-control psychological autopsy was conducted among 113 consecutive suicides and 226 living controls matched for age, gender, ethnicity and area of residence inTaiwan.ResultsFive major risk factors (loss event, suicidal behaviour in first-degree relatives, ICD–10 major depressive episode, emotionally unstable personality disorder and substance dependence) were found to have independent effects on suicide from multivariate conditional logistic regression analysis.ConclusionsEffective intervention and management for loss event and major depressive episode among emotionally unstable subjects with a family tendency of suicidal behaviour, frequently also comorbid with alcohol or other substance dependence, may prove to be most effective for suicide prevention in different populations.

scholarly journals Antidepressant-Resistant Depression and Antidepressant-Associated Suicidal Behaviour: The Role of Underlying Bipolarity

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoltan Rihmer ◽  
Xenia Gonda
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Episode ◽  
Suicidal Behaviour ◽  
Major Depressive Episode ◽  
Age At Onset ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Bipolar Spectrum ◽  
Clinical Markers ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Resistant Depression

The complex relationship between the use of antidepressants and suicidal behaviour is one of the hottest topics of our contemporary psychiatry. Based on the literature, this paper summarizes the author's view on antidepressant-resistant depression and antidepressant-associated suicidal behaviour. Antidepressant-resistance, antidepressant-induced worsening of depression, antidepressant-associated (hypo)manic switches, mixed depressive episode, and antidepressant-associated suicidality among depressed patients are relatively most frequent in bipolar/bipolar spectrum depression and in children and adolescents. As early age at onset of major depressive episode and mixed depression are powerful clinical markers of bipolarity and the manic component of bipolar disorder (and possible its biological background) shows a declining tendency with age antidepressant-resistance/worsening, antidepressant-induced (hypo)manic switches and “suicide-inducing” potential of antidepressants seem to be related to the underlying bipolarity.

Antidepressants

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-80
Author(s):  
Andrew J. Roth ◽  
Christian J. Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Depressive Episode ◽  
Major Depressive Episode ◽  
Depressive Syndrome ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Subsyndromal Depression ◽  
Cancer Experience

Although many people with cancer experience depressive moods, not all will have a major depressive episode. It is therefore important to distinguish and address subsyndromal depression from a depressive syndrome that could benefit from psychopharmacologic intervention. This chapter discusses risk factors for depression in cancer patients and provides suggestions for improving identification of depression in complicated cancer situations. The goal is to help non-prescribing clinicians more easily decide when referrals for medication are warranted and how to maintain connections and enhance communication with prescribers after medications are started. Pearls and potholes of why different medications are used for specific circumstances, and how prescribers seek to obtain more than one use out of a single medication, are described.

The 12-month prevalence and risk factors for major depressive episode in Finland: representative sample of 5993 adults

2000 ◽  
Vol 102 (3) ◽  
pp. 178-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sari Lindeman ◽  
Juha Hämäläinen ◽  
Erkki Isometsä ◽  
Jaakko Kaprio ◽  
Kari Poikolainen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Depressive Episode ◽  
Representative Sample ◽  
Major Depressive Episode ◽  
Major Depressive

P.2.d.003 Suicidal behaviour in major depressive episode: evidence from the BRIDGE-II-MIX study

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. S412
Author(s):  
D. Popovic ◽  
E. Vieta ◽  
J. Azorin ◽  
J. Angst ◽  
C.L. Bowden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Episode ◽  
Suicidal Behaviour ◽  
Major Depressive Episode ◽  
Major Depressive

scholarly journals Maladaptive mood repair, atypical respiratory sinus arrhythmia, and risk of a recurrent major depressive episode among adolescents with prior major depression

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (10) ◽  
pp. 2109-2119 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kovacs ◽  
I. Yaroslavsky ◽  
J. Rottenberg ◽  
C. J. George ◽  
E. Kiss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia ◽  
Depressive Episode ◽  
Mood Induction ◽  
Major Depressive Episode ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Sinus Arrhythmia ◽  
Mood Repair ◽  
Increased Risk

BackgroundBecause depressive illness is recurrent, recurrence prevention should be a mainstay for reducing its burden on society. One way to reach this goal is to identify malleable risk factors. The ability to attenuate sadness/dysphoria (mood repair) and parasympathetic nervous system functioning, indexed as respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA), are impaired during depression and after it has remitted. The present study therefore tested the hypothesis that these two constructs also may mirror risk factors for a recurrent major depressive episode (MDE).MethodAt time 1 (T1), 178 adolescents, whose last MDE had remitted, and their parents, reported on depression and mood repair; youths’ RSA at rest and in response to sad mood induction also were assessed. MDE recurrence was monitored until time 2 (T2) up to 2 years later. Mood repair at T1 (modeled as a latent construct), and resting RSA and RSA response to sadness induction (RSA profile), served to predict onset of first recurrent MDE by T2.ResultsConsistent with expectations, maladaptive mood repair predicted recurrent MDE, above and beyond T1 depression symptoms. Further, atypical RSA profiles at T1 were associated with high levels of maladaptive mood repair, which, in turn, predicted increased risk of recurrent MDE. Thus, maladaptive mood repair mediated the effects of atypical RSA on risk of MDE recurrence.ConclusionsThis study documented that a combination of behavioral and physiological risk factors predicted MDE recurrence in a previously clinically referred sample of adolescents with depression histories. Because mood repair and RSA are malleable, both could be targeted for modification to reduce the risk of recurrent depression in youths.

Spousal resemblance for history of major depressive episode in the previous year

2002 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 363-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. LINDEMAN ◽  
J. KAPRIO ◽  
E. ISOMETSÄ ◽  
K. POIKOLAINEN ◽  
M. HEIKKINEN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Major Depression ◽  
Depressive Episode ◽  
Major Depressive Episode ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Alcohol Intoxication ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Composite International Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Major Depressive

Background. There is discrepancy in findings on spousal concordance for major depression. Here we report the risk of depression and its determinants in spouses of persons with or without depression, taking into account several known risk factors for major depression.Methods. A random sample of non-institutionalized Finnish individual aged 15–75 years was interviewed in the 1996 National Health Care Survey. The sample included 1708 male–female spouse pairs. Major depressive episode (MDE) during the last 12 months was assessed using the Short Form of the University of Michigan version of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (the UM-CIDI Short Form). Risk factors were assessed in the same interview.Results. Factors associating with MDE were spouse's MDE, own alcohol intoxication at least once a week and own chronic medical conditions. In addition, there was a strong association between female's current smoking and male's MDE, independently of other risk factors and spousal MDE. The association of MDE with spouses's MDE was not affected by taking into account other assessed risk factors (own or spouse's).Conclusions. The results indicate elevated spouse concordance for MDE independent of the risk factors assessed in the present study.

The role of rurality on factors associated with major depressive episode screening among Brazilian adults in a national household survey

2021 ◽  
pp. 002076402110049
Author(s):  
Maximiliano Loiola Ponte de Souza ◽  
Nathalia Paz Caranha ◽  
Fernando José Herkrath
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Depressive Episode ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Major Depressive Episode ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban

Background: Worldwide, depression is one of the leading causes of disability, contributing significantly to the global burden of disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate in Brazil the effect of living in rural or urban areas on the prevalence of major depressive episode (MDE), as well as the differences among associated factors in both contexts. Methods: Data from 60,202 adult residents from a household-based cross-sectional survey conducted in Brazil were analyzed. The prevalence of MDE, evaluated using PHQ-9, as well as the prevalence ratios between the categories of the independent variables were estimated. Multiple hierarchical Poisson regression analyses based on a theoretical model were reproduced for both rural and urban areas. Results: Residents of rural areas showed lower MDE prevalence (3.3% [95% CI: 2.9–3.9] vs. 4.2% [95% CI: 3.9–4.6], p < .05) and the effect of rurality remained even adjusted by potential confounders (PR = 0.8 [95% CI: 0.7–0.9]). Better education, social network, and access to health services were protective factors for both rural and urban areas, while previous diagnosis of depression, chronic diseases, and obesity were risk factors. Living in the northern region, being indigenous, presenting higher income and number of goods were protective factors only in rural areas. In urban areas, being younger and having an occupation were protective factors, whereas female sex and having some disability were risk factors. Conclusions: Rural and urban areas differ not only in the prevalence of depression, but also in the way in which different factors influence its occurrence.

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