Association of low serum total cholesterol with major depression and suicide

1999 ◽  
Vol 175 (3) ◽  
pp. 259-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Partonen ◽  
J. Haukka ◽  
J. Virtamo ◽  
P. R. Taylor ◽  
J. Lönnqvist
Keyword(s):  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Serum Total Cholesterol ◽  
Hospital Treatment ◽  
Low Mood ◽  
National Hospital Discharge Register ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Recorded Data ◽  
Low Serum

BackgroundIt has been suggested that low serum total cholesterol is associated with an increased risk of suicide.AimsTo study the association between serum total cholesterol, depression and suicide using versatile, prospective data.MethodA total of 29 133 men aged 50–69 years were followed up for 5–8 years. Baseline blood samples were analysed for serum total and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations. Self-reported depression was recorded, data on hospital treatments due to depressive disorders were derived from the National Hospital Discharge Register and deaths from suicide were identified from death certificates.ResultsLow serum total cholesterol was associated with low mood and subsequently a heightened risk of hospital treatment due to major depressive disorder and of death from suicide.ConclusionsOur results suggest that low serum total cholesterol appears to be associated with low mood and thus to predict its serious consequences.

scholarly journals Investigating Causal Relations Between Circulating Metabolites and Alzheimer’s Diseases: A Mendelian Randomization Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu-Yi Huang ◽  
Yu-Xiang Yang ◽  
Ya-Ru Zhang ◽  
Kevin Kuo ◽  
Hong-Qi Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Mendelian Randomization ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Serum Total Cholesterol ◽  
Causal Effects ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Primary Analysis ◽  
Standard Deviation Increase ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract BackgroundMetabolomics is a promising approach that can be used to understand pathophysiological pathways of Alzheimer disease (AD). However, the relationships between metabolism and AD are poorly understood. The aim of this study is to investigate the causal association between circulating metabolites and risk of AD by combining metabolomics with genomics through two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach.MethodsGenetic associations with 123 circulating metabolic traits were utilized as exposures. A large summary statistics data from International Genomics of Alzheimer’s Project was used in primary analysis, including 21,982 AD cases and 41,944 controls. Validation was further performed using family history of AD data from UK Biobank (27,696 cases of maternal AD, 14,338 cases of paternal AD and 272,244 controls). We utilized the inverse-variance weighted method as primary analysis and four additional MR methods (MR-Egger, weighted median, weighted mode, and MR pleiotropy residual sum and outlier) for sensitivity analyses.ResultsWe found one-fold increased risk of developing AD per standard deviation increase in the levels of circulating ApoB (odd ratio (OR)=3.18; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.52–6.66, P=0.0022) and glycoprotein acetyls (OR=1.21; 95% CI: 1.05–1.39, P=0.0093), serum total cholesterol (OR=2.73; 95% CI: 1.41-5.30, P=0.0030), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (OR=2.34; 95% CI: 1.53-3.57, P=0.0001). Whereas glutamine (OR=0.81; 95% CI: 0.71-0.92, P=0.0011) were significantly associated with lower risk of AD. We also detected causal effects of several different composition of LDL fractions on increased AD risk, which has been verified in validation. However, we found no association between circulating high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and AD.ConclusionsOur findings provided robust evidence supporting causal effects of circulating glycoprotein acetyls, ApoB, LDL cholesterol, and serum total cholesterol on higher risk of AD, whereas glutamine showed the protective effect. Further research is required to decipher the biological pathways underpinning associations.

scholarly journals Investigating Causal Relations Between Circulating Metabolites and Alzheimer’s Diseases: a Mendelian Randomization Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu-Yi Huang ◽  
Yu-Xiang Yang ◽  
Ya-Ru Zhang ◽  
Kevin Kuo ◽  
Hong-Qi Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Mendelian Randomization ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Serum Total Cholesterol ◽  
Causal Effects ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Primary Analysis ◽  
Standard Deviation Increase ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract BackgroundMetabolomics is a promising approach that can be used to understand pathophysiological pathways of Alzheimer disease (AD). However, the relationships between metabolism and AD are poorly understood. The aim of this study is to investigate the causal association between circulating metabolites and risk of AD by combining metabolomics with genomics through two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach. MethodGenetic associations with 123 circulating metabolic traits were utilized as exposures. A large summary statistics data from International Genomics of Alzheimer’s Project was used in primary analysis, including 21,982 AD cases and 41,944 controls. Validation was further performed using family history of AD data from UK Biobank (27,696 cases of maternal AD, 14,338 cases of paternal AD and 272,244 controls). We utilized the inverse-variance weighted method as primary analysis and four additional MR methods (MR-Egger, weighted median, weighted mode, and MR pleiotropy residual sum and outlier) for sensitivity analyses. ResultsWe found one-fold increased risk of developing AD per standard deviation increase in the levels of circulating ApoB (odd ratio (OR)=3.18; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.52–6.66, P=0.0022) and glycoprotein acetyls (OR=1.21; 95% CI: 1.05–1.39, P=0.0093), serum total cholesterol (OR=2.73; 95% CI: 1.41-5.30, P=0.0030), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (OR=2.34; 95% CI: 1.53-3.57, P=0.0001). Whereas glutamine (OR=0.81; 95% CI: 0.71-0.92, P=0.0011) were significantly associated with lower risk of AD. We also detected causal effects of several different composition of LDL fractions on increased AD risk, which has been verified in validation. However, we found no association between circulating high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and AD. ConclusionsOur findings provided robust evidence supporting causal effects of circulating glycoprotein acetyls, ApoB, LDL cholesterol, and serum total cholesterol on higher risk of AD, whereas glutamine showed the protective effect. Further research is required to decipher the biological pathways underpinning associations.

Abstract P102: Variability In Lipid Levels And Risk For Cardiovascular Disease: An Electronic Health Record-based Population Cohort Study

Circulation ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 143 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheila M Manemann ◽  
Suzette J Bielinski ◽  
Ethan D Moser ◽  
Jennifer L St. Sauver ◽  
Paul Y Takahashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Electronic Health Record ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Index Date ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Health Record ◽  
Lipid Levels ◽  
Population Cohort ◽  
Increased Risk

Background: Larger within-patient variability of lipid levels has been associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, measures of lipid variability are not currently used clinically. We investigated the feasibility of calculating lipid variability within a large electronic health record (EHR)-based population cohort and assessed associations with incident CVD. Methods: We identified all individuals ≥40 years of age who resided in Olmsted County, MN on 1/1/2006 (index date) without prior CVD. CVD was defined as myocardial infarction, coronary artery bypass graft surgery, percutaneous coronary intervention or stroke. Patients with ≥3 measurements of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and/or triglycerides during the 5 years before the index date were retained in the analyses. Lipid variability was calculated using variability independent of the mean (VIM). Patients were followed through 9/30/2017 for incident CVD (including CVD death). Cox regression was used to investigate the association between quintiles of lipid VIMs and incident CVD. Results: We identified 18,642 individuals (mean age 60; 55% female) who were free of CVD at baseline and VIM calculated for at least one lipid measurement. After adjustment, those in the highest VIM quintiles of total cholesterol had a 25% increased risk of CVD (Q5 vs. Q1 HR: 1.25, 95% CI: 1.08-1.45; Table). We observed similar results for LDL-C (Q5 vs. Q1 HR: 1.20, 95% CI: 1.04-1.39) and HDL-C (Q5 vs. Q1 HR: 1.25, 95% CI: 1.09-1.43). There was no association between triglyceride variability quintiles and CVD risk. Conclusion: In a large EHR-based population cohort, high variability in total cholesterol, HDL-C and LDL-C was associated with an increased risk of CVD, independently of traditional risk factors, suggesting it may be a target for intervention. Lipid variability can be calculated in the EHR environment but more research is needed to determine its clinical utility.

scholarly journals Evaluation of type-2 diabetes mellitus patients for dyslipidemia in a tertiary care centre

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 586
Author(s):  
Janak G. Chokshi ◽  
Apal P. Gandhi ◽  
Ishvarlal M. Parmar ◽  
Dipen R. Damor
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Increased Risk

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a syndrome consisting of metabolic, vascular and neuropathic components that are interrelated. Diabetes mellitus is associated with a considerably increased risk of premature atherosclerosis, particularly coronary heart disease (CHD) and peripheral arterial disease. Dyslipidemia is a common feature of diabetes. There is an association between atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels in both type 1 and type 2 diabetes.Methods: The study was done on 50 adult diabetes mellitus (T2) patients from IPD of General Medicine wards at SMS Hospital, Ahmedabad, Gujarat. 50 healthy age and sex matched healthy volunteers were taken as control. They were evaluated for lipid profile i.e., Total Cholesterol (TC),Triglyceride (TG), Low-density lipoprotein (LDL), High density lipoprotein (HDL), Very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) and glycemic status i.e., Fasting blood glucose (FBS), Postprandial 2 hours blood glucose (PP2BS) & Glycosylated haemoglobin(HbA1C).Results: Diabetic cases had statistically highly significant (p<0.001) elevated levels of total Cholesterol, Triglycerides and VLDL as compared to controls. Serum TG, serum TC, LDL-C and VLDL-C had positive correlation with the postprandial plasma glucose, fasting plasma glucose and HbA1c.Conclusions: Significant correlations between HbA1c levels and lipid levels point towards the usefulness of HbA1c for screening high-risk diabetic patients. High TC, TG, LDL-C and HbA1c with normal or low HDL-C is seen in almost all diabetic patients either alone or in combinations.

Use of serum cholesterol/triglyceride ratio to discern for which individuals the Friedewald formula can be used confidently

1990 ◽  
Vol 36 (9) ◽  
pp. 1673-1675 ◽  
Author(s):  
M González Estrada ◽  
C R Rodríguez Ferrer ◽  
I R Astarloa ◽  
E M Lahera
Keyword(s):  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Serum Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Very Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Friedewald Formula ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Low Serum

Abstract The values of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol obtained according to the Friedewald formula (Clin Chem 1972; 18:499-502), or by the De Long transformation (J Am Med Assoc 1986;256:2372-7), were compared with the values obtained when the individual cholesterol/triglyceride ratio of very-low-density lipoprotein was used for estimating the contribution of this lipoprotein to the total cholesterol. We found that these formulas gave the greatest errors for individuals with a low serum cholesterol/triglyceride ratio. We propose criteria for deciding when the numerically calculated value of low-density cholesterol is appropriate, and when it is not.

scholarly journals Lipid levels and the risk of hemorrhagic stroke among women

Neurology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 92 (19) ◽  
pp. e2286-e2294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamela M. Rist ◽  
Julie E. Buring ◽  
Paul M Ridker ◽  
Carlos S. Kase ◽  
Tobias Kurth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Hemorrhagic Stroke ◽  
Stroke Risk ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Lipid Levels ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Multivariable Adjustment

ObjectiveTo examine the association between lipid levels and hemorrhagic stroke risk among women.MethodsWe performed a prospective cohort study among 27,937 women enrolled in the Women's Health Study with measured total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), as well as triglycerides. Strokes were confirmed by medical record review. We used Cox proportional hazards models to analyze associations between lipid categories and hemorrhagic stroke risk.ResultsDuring a mean of 19.3 years of follow-up, 137 hemorrhagic strokes occurred. Compared to those with LDL-C levels 100–129.9 mg/dL, after multivariable adjustment, those with LDL-C levels <70 mg/dL had 2.17 times the risk (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.05, 4.48) of experiencing a hemorrhagic stroke. No significant increase in risk was seen for those with LDL-C levels 130–159.9 mg/dL (relative risk [RR] 1.14; 95% CI 0.72, 1.80) or 70–99.9 mg/dL (RR 1.25; 95% CI 0.76, 2.04). There was a suggestion, although not significant, of increased risk for those with LDL-C levels ≥160 mg/dL (RR 1.53; 95% CI 0.92, 2.52). Women in the lowest quartile of triglycerides had a significantly increased risk of hemorrhagic stroke compared to women in the top quartile after multivariable adjustment (RR 2.00; 95% CI 1.18, 3.39). We observed no significant associations between total cholesterol or HDL-C levels and hemorrhagic stroke risk.ConclusionLDL-C levels <70 mg/dL and low triglyceride levels were associated with increased risk of hemorrhagic stroke among women.

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