Trends in deliberate self-harm in Oxford, 1985–1995

1997 ◽  
Vol 171 (6) ◽  
pp. 556-560 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith Hawton ◽  
Joan Fagg ◽  
Sue Simkin ◽  
Elizabeth Bale ◽  
Alison Bond
Keyword(s):  
Recent Progress ◽  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Deliberate Self Harm ◽  
Young Males ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Uk

BackgroundDeliberate self-harm (DSH) has been a major health problem in the UK for nearly three decades. Any changes in rates of DSH or the demographic characteristics of the patient population are likely to have important implications for clinical services and suicide prevention.MethodData collected by the Oxford Monitoring System for Attempted Suicide were used to review trends in DSH between 1985–1995ResultsThere was a substantial increase in DSH rates during the 11-year study period, with a 62.1% increase in males and a 42.2% increase in females. The largest rise was in 15–24-year-old males (+194.1%). Changes in DSH rates correlated with changes in national suicide rates in both males and females in this age group. Rates of repetition of DSH increased in both genders during the study period. Paracetamol self-poisoning has continued to increase, half of all overdoses in 1995 involving paracetamol, and antidepressant overdoses have become more common.ConclusionsThe increase in DSH, especially in young males, has important implications for general hospital DSH and medical services. It may herald a reversal of recent progress towards achievement of national suicide targets.

Suicide and Parasuicide in Childhood and Early Adolescence

1985 ◽  
Vol 146 (5) ◽  
pp. 459-463 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald J. Brooksbank
Keyword(s):  
Early Adolescence ◽  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Psychiatric Services ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Deliberate Self Harm ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
The Social ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
Age Range

Suicide is intentional self-killing, and parasuicide an act of deliberate self-harm—either by injury, ingestion or inhalation—not resulting in death (Blacket al,1982). Both are rare under the age of 12 and the rate of suicide in those under 16 remains consistently low. Referrals to psychiatric services reported by Shaffer (1974) indicated that 7–10% were for threatened or attempted suicide, while Hawton (1982) quoted studies giving the incidence as 10–33% for children aged six to 12; in England and Wales (1962–1968), suicide accounted for 0.6% of deaths in the 10–14 age-range. McClure (1984) found that between 1975 and 1980, only ten such deaths were recorded in the 13-and-under range, and 26 deaths in the 14 year-olds, after which the number of suicides rose sharply with each successive year. That study also showed that parasuicide was most common in the 15–24 age-group, but at younger ages there was a higher proportion of undetermined deaths, as against officially recorded suicides. The social taboos associated with suicide may lead to its systematic under-reporting, but even allowing for that, the phenomenon is still a rare one under the age of 16.

Suicidal Behavior in South Asians in the UK

Crisis ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 108-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dinesh Bhugra
Keyword(s):  
South Asian ◽  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
South Asians ◽  
Asian Women ◽  
South Asian Women ◽  
Hypothetical Model ◽  
Deliberate Self Harm ◽  
Cultural Alienation ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
The Uk

Summary: Rates of deliberate self-harm have been reported to be higher among South Asians, especially women, in the UK. Two studies collected information on inception rates of deliberate self-harm in the UK and reported that rates of attempted suicide are much higher among South Asian women especially those aged 18-24. These rates are associated with high rates of cultural alienation and previous attempts. The implications of cultural conflict are discussed in this context. In addition, a hypothetical model of interrelationship of factors for both adults and adolescents is described.

Adolescent Police Stops, Self-Harm, and Attempted Suicide: Findings From the UK Millennium Cohort Study, 2012‒2019

2021 ◽  
pp. e1-e9
Author(s):  
Dylan B. Jackson ◽  
Alexander Testa ◽  
Rebecca L. Fix ◽  
Tamar Mendelson
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
School Counselors ◽  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Millennium Cohort Study ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
Uk Millennium Cohort Study ◽  
The Uk

Objectives. To explore associations between police stops, self-harm, and attempted suicide among a large, representative sample of adolescents in the United Kingdom. Methods. Data were drawn from the 3 most recent sweeps of the UK Millennium Cohort Study (MCS), from 2012 to 2019. The MCS is an ongoing nationally representative contemporary birth cohort of children born in the United Kingdom between September 2000 and January 2002 (n = 10 345). Weights were used to account for sample design and multiple imputation for missing data. Results. Youths experiencing police stops by the age of 14 years (14.77%) reported significantly higher rates of self-harm (incidence rate ratio = 1.52; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.35, 1.69) at age 17 years and significantly higher odds of attempted suicide (odds ratio = 2.25; 95% CI = 1.84, 2.76) by age 17 years. These patterns were largely consistent across examined features of police stops and generally did not vary by sociodemographic factors. In addition, 17.73% to 40.18% of associations between police stops and outcomes were explained by mental distress. Conclusions. Police-initiated encounters are associated with youth self-harm and attempted suicide. Youths may benefit when school counselors or social workers provide mental health screenings and offer counseling care following these events. (Am J Public Health. Published online ahead of print September 23, 2021: e1–e9. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2021.306434 )

Management in hospital after attempted suicide

1979 ◽  
Vol 17 (20) ◽  
pp. 78-80
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Hospital Doctor ◽  
Deliberate Self Harm ◽  
Assessment And Treatment ◽  
Self Harm

The patient who is in hospital after an episode of deliberate self-harm is at risk both of non-fatal repetition (20% in the following year) and of successful suicide later (1–2% in the next year).8 9 Most patients admitted to hospital after self-poisoning are under 25, living unharmoniously with others and nearly all show personality difficulties rather than mental illness.10 11 This article attempts to guide the hospital doctor in the assessment and treatment of such patients.

Assessment of Hepatitis C virus genotypes in regular dialysis patients of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 001-007
Author(s):  
Imran Khan ◽  
Shaukat Ali Khan ◽  
Noorul Akbar
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Dialysis Patients ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Hcv Genotypes ◽  
Virus Genotypes ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus Genotypes ◽  
Acute And Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Genotype 3A

Globally viral hepatitis is a major health problem. HCV is a causative agent of hepatitis and is responsible for acute and chronic hepatitis leads to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. This study was carried out to know the HCV genotypes in Dialysis patients in NWFP (Pakistan). The age ranged from 15-65 years. During this study a total of 63 samples were collected and were analyzed for HCV genotypes. RNA was extracted from whole blood; reverse transcribed into cDNA and was subjected to multiplex PCR. Of these 63 samples, 14 were genotyped as genotype 3a was found in 9(64.28%) patients, followed by genotype 3b (21.42%) in 3 and 2a in 2(14.28%) patients. Three positive samples remained untyped. In age group 31 to 40 years, the number of positive patients were comparatively greater.

Suicide and deliberate self-harm in elderly people

2012 ◽  
pp. 1564-1567
Author(s):  
Robin Jacoby
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Terminal Illness ◽  
Assisted Suicide ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Deliberate Self Harm ◽  
Young Males ◽  
Completed Suicide ◽  
Self Harm

Although in some countries suicide rates in young males have risen dramatically in the last decade or so, suicide in old age is important because rates in older people, especially those over 74, are still proportionately higher in most countries of the world where reasonably reliable statistics can be obtained. For example, in 2004 in Lithuania where suicide incidence is currently the highest, the overall rate in males per 100 000 total population was 70.1, but in men over 74 the rate was 80.2. In the United States, where suicide is neither especially common nor rare, in 2002 the overall rate for males per 100 000 total population was 17.9, but 40.7 in men over 74. Rates for older women are nearly always much lower than for their male counterparts. A second reason for the importance of suicide in old age is that the proportion of older people in the population is rising worldwide. Indeed, the increase in developing countries is likely to be even greater than in developed countries. Although rates vary from year to year and birth cohort to cohort, it is highly likely that unless suicide prevention becomes a great deal more effective than at present, more and more older people will kill themselves in the coming years. As with younger people, completed suicide in old age may be seen as part of a continuum from suicidal thinking through deliberate self-harm (which does not lead to death), to completed suicide. An added component within this continuum for older people is that of ‘indirect self-destructive behaviour’, such as refusal to eat and drink or ‘turning one's face to the wall’ which is clearly intended to hasten death. Finally, although this section does not deal with euthanasia and related issues, assisted suicide in people with terminal illness such Alzheimer's disease and cancer may also be seen as part of the suicide continuum.

scholarly journals Self-harm and attempted suicide among UK Armed Forces personnel: Results of a cross-sectional survey

2011 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 433-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard J. Pinder ◽  
Amy C. Iversen ◽  
Nav Kapur ◽  
Simon Wessely ◽  
Nicola T. Fear
Keyword(s):  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Psychological Morbidity ◽  
Lifetime Prevalence ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Military Health ◽  
Service Personnel ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
The Uk

Aims: Little has been reported on self-harm among the UK Armed Forces, partly due to the difficulties in recording self-harm, within an often-difficult-to-reach population. This study assesses the lifetime prevalence of attempted suicide and self-harm within currently serving and ex-service personnel of the UK Armed Forces. Methods: Telephone interviews were conducted with 821 personnel who had previously participated in the King’s Centre for Military Health Research military health study. Within the telephone interview, participants were asked about attempted suicide and episodes of self-harm. Results: A lifetime prevalence of 5.6% for intentional self-harm (self-harm or attempted suicide) was reported. Intentional self-harm was associated with psychological morbidity (in particular, post-traumatic stress disorder) and adverse experiences in childhood. Ex-service personnel reported lifetime prevalence more than double that of serving personnel (10.5% vs 4.2%, respectively). Participants reporting intentional self-harm were younger (34.4 years vs 39.8 years). Conclusion: A lifetime prevalence of 5.6% for attempted suicide and self-harm is higher than previous research has suggested. Younger service personnel, those who have experienced adversity in childhood, those with other psychological morbidity, and ex-service personnel are more likely to report self-harm behaviours.

PREVALENCE OF DELIBERATE SELF-HARM IN TEENAGE STUDENTS IN THE STATE OF GUANAJUATO, MEXICO: 2003

2005 ◽  
Vol 33 (8) ◽  
pp. 777-792 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catalina González-Forteza ◽  
Margarita Alvarez-Ruiz ◽  
Andrés Saldaña-Hernández ◽  
Silvia Carreño-García ◽  
Ana-María Chávez-Hernández ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Educational Attainment ◽  
The State ◽  
Sample Design ◽  
Deliberate Self Harm ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Death Wish ◽  
The University

The presence of deliberate self-harm (DSH) among adolescents in Guanajuato State in 2003 was identified by sex, age, educational attainment and health jurisdiction and the characteristics were described by sex according to number of times, age of only/first/last DSH, motive, method, purpose and death wish. The sample design was stratified, bistage and by conglomerates. A total of 2,530 students from high school affiliated to the University of Guanajuato participated. The results showed that 3.1% of males and 10.7% of females had engaged in at least one episode of DSH; age of first DSH was 13 in both males and females; age at last DSH was 13 in males and 14 in females. The characteristics of the DSH were also described.

Strategies for preventing suicide

1997 ◽  
Vol 171 (4) ◽  
pp. 351-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glyn Lewis ◽  
Keith Hawton ◽  
Peter Jones
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Population Attributable Fraction ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Number Needed To Treat ◽  
Deliberate Self Harm ◽  
Suicide Rates ◽  
Population Attributable Fractions ◽  
Effective Interventions ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
The Uk

BackgroundThe Health of the Nation includes a target for reducing population suicide rates. We have examined and quantified various high-risk and population-based strategies for prevention based upon a number of stated assumptions and hypothetical interventions.MethodThe published literature was used to estimate the population attributable fractions for both high-risk and population-based strategies. The number needed to treat for the high-risk strategies was calculated, assuming an intervention that reduced suicide rates by 25%ResultsInterventions that would reduce rates of suicide by 25% would reduce population rates by about 2.6% for those recently discharged from hospital and by up to 5.8% for those presenting to general hospital with deliberate self-harm. The population attributable fraction for unemployment was 10.9%ConclusionsHigh-risk strategies will have only a modest effect on population suicide rates, even if effective interventions are developed. Evaluating interventions for deliberate self-harm patients seems worthwhile. The UK Government's target for suicide reduction is more likely to be achieved using population-based strategies. Reducing the availability of methods commonly used for committing suicide is the most practicable current policy, although more radical approaches, for example reducing unemployment, may also substantially reduce suicide rates.

Attempted suicide in west London, II. Inter-group comparisons

1999 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 1131-1139 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. BHUGRA ◽  
D. S. BALDWIN ◽  
M. DESAI ◽  
K. S. JACOB
Keyword(s):  
Social Factors ◽  
Social Stress ◽  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Asian Women ◽  
Culture Conflict ◽  
Deliberate Self Harm ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
History Of ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
Group Comparisons

Background. Previous studies of attempted suicide have suggested that cultural and social factors play a significant role in the causation of deliberate self-harm.Method. In order to measure elements of culture conflict two inter-group comparisons were undertaken. In the first, 27 Asian women who had presented to hospital services following attempted suicide (Asian group) were matched with a group of similar age Asian women attending GP surgeries for other reasons (Asian GP attenders group). The second comparison was between the Asian and 46 White attempters.Results. On comparing Asian attempters with Asian GP attenders group the former were more likely to have a history of previous suicidal behaviour, to have a psychiatric diagnosis, and be unemployed. Their parents were more likely to have arrived in the United Kingdom at an older age. In addition, those who attempted suicide were more likely to have been in an inter-racial relationship and to have changed religions. In the second inter-group comparison, the characteristics of Asian and White suicide attempt patients were examined. White attempters were more likely to have mental illness, and were more likely to use alcohol as part of the method of attempted suicide. By contrast, Asian attempters had experienced life events pertaining to relationships, took fewer tablets and yet expressed greater regret at not succeeding in the attempt.Conclusions. Although numbers are small, social stress and other cultural factors play an important role in the act of deliberate self-harm.

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