Prenatal Exposure to the 1957 Influenza Epidemic and Adult Schizophrenia: A Follow-Up Study

1996 ◽  
Vol 168 (3) ◽  
pp. 368-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Cannon ◽  
D. Cotter ◽  
V. P. Coffey ◽  
P. C. Sham ◽  
N. Takei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Relative Risk ◽  
Prenatal Exposure ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Depressive Illness ◽  
Exposed Group ◽  
Influenza Epidemic ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Admission Data ◽  
Increased Risk

BackgroundWe investigated the hypothesis that prenatal exposure to the 1957 A2 influenza increases the risk of schizophrenia in adulthood.MethodWe traced a cohort of individuals known to have been exposed to the 1957 influenza epidemic during gestation and an unexposed cohort matched for period of gestation and hospital of birth. Follow-up information on psychiatric illness in subjects was sought from two sources: maternal interview and psychiatric hospital admission data.ResultsFollow-up information was obtained on 54% of the sample: 238 subjects from the influenza-exposed group and 287 subjects from the unexposed group. There was no increased risk of schizophrenia among the exposed cohort compared to the unexposed cohort (relative risk 1.1; 95% CI 0.41–2.95), although there was an increase in depressive illness (relative risk 1.59; 95% CI 1.15–2.19).ConclusionsThe association between prenatal influenza and an increased risk of schizophrenia in adulthood has thus far been found only in population-based data and is not supported by the present observational study which has information about exposure and outcome in individuals.

Migraine is related to an increased risk of Parkinson’s disease: A population-based, propensity score-matched, longitudinal follow-up study

Cephalalgia ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (14) ◽  
pp. 1316-1323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsin-I Wang ◽  
Yu-Chun Ho ◽  
Ya-Ping Huang ◽  
Shin-Liang Pan
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Propensity Score ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Free Survival ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Migraine Group

Background The association between migraine and Parkinson’s disease (PD) remains controversial. The purpose of the present population-based, propensity score-matched follow-up study was to investigate whether migraineurs are at a higher risk of developing PD. Methods A total of 41,019 subjects aged between 40 and 90 years with at least two ambulatory visits with a diagnosis of migraine in 2001 were enrolled in the migraine group. A logistic regression model that included age, sex, pre-existing comorbidities and socioeconomic status as covariates was used to compute the propensity score. The non-migraine group consisted of 41,019 propensity score-matched, randomly sampled subjects without migraine. The PD-free survival rate were estimated using the Kaplan–Meier method. Stratified Cox proportional hazard regression was used to estimate the effect of migraine on the risk of developing PD. Results During follow-up, 148 subjects in the migraine group and 101 in the non-migraine group developed PD. Compared to the non-migraine group, the hazard ratio of PD for the migraine group was 1.64 (95% confidence interval: 1.25–2.14, p = 0.0004). The PD-free survival rate for the migraine group was significantly lower than that for the non-migraine group ( p = 0.0041). Conclusions This study showed an increased risk of developing PD in patients with migraine.

scholarly journals Repetition of deliberate self-harm and subsequent suicide risk: Long-term follow-up study of 11 583 patients

2004 ◽  
Vol 185 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Louis Zahl ◽  
Keith Hawton
Keyword(s):  
Relative Risk ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Single Episode ◽  
Deliberate Self Harm ◽  
Young Females ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Self Harm

BackgroundRepetition of deliberate self-harm (DSH) is a risk factor for suicide. Little information is available on the risk for specific groups of people who deliberately harm themselves repeatedly.AimsTo investigate the long-term risk of suicide associated with repetition of DSH by gender, age and frequency of repetition.MethodA mortality follow-up study to the year 2000 was conducted on 11583 people who presented to the general hospital in Oxford between 1978 and 1997. Repetition of DSH was determined from reported episodes prior to the index episode and episodes presenting to the same hospital during the follow-up period. Deaths were identified through national registers.ResultsThirty-nine percent of patients repeated the DSH. They were at greater relative risk of suicide than the single-episode DSH group (2.24; 95% CI 1.77–2.84). The relative risk of suicide in the repeated DSH group compared with the single-episode DSH group was greater in females (3.5; 95% C11.3–2.4) than males (1.8; 95% C1 2.3–5.3) and was inversely related to age (up to 54 years). Suicide risk increased further with multiple repeat episodes of DSH in females.ConclusionsRepetition of DSH is associated with an increased risk of suicide in males and females. Repetition may be a better indicator of risk in females, especially young females.

Increased risk for stroke in burn patients: A population-based one-year follow-up study

Burns ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiu-Dong Chung ◽  
Chin-Shyan Chen ◽  
Herng-Ching Lin ◽  
Jiunn-Horng Kang
Keyword(s):  
Population Based ◽  
Burn Patients ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
One Year

scholarly journals Increased risk of brain cancer incidence in stroke patients: a clinical case series, population-based and longitudinal follow-up study

Oncotarget ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (65) ◽  
pp. 108989-108999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chih-Wei Chen ◽  
Tain-Junn Cheng ◽  
Chung-Han Ho ◽  
Jhi-Joung Wang ◽  
Shih-Feng Weng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Brain Cancer ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Increased Risk
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