Social Deprivation and Psychiatric Admission Rates Among Different Diagnostic Groups

1995 ◽  
Vol 167 (4) ◽  
pp. 456-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judy Harrison ◽  
Steve Barrow ◽  
Francis Creed
Keyword(s):  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Social Deprivation ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Ethnic Composition ◽  
Psychiatric Admission ◽  
North West ◽  
Admission Rates ◽  
The North ◽  
Positive Correlations

BackgroundIn the search for population-based indicators of need for mental health services, psychiatric admission rates have been correlated with sociodemographic variables. We explored such correlations for different diagnostic groups.MethodAdmissions data for the 19 districts in the North West Region were derived from the Korner Episode System for 1992/3 and divided into eight broad diagnostic groups using ICD–9 codes. Admission rates per 1000 were correlated with measures of deprivation derived from the 1991 census data and with standardised mortality ratios. For the two largest diagnostic groups, correlations with age-standardised admission rates were also calculated.ResultsFor schizophrenia/delusional disorder, eight of the 10 sociodemographic measures were significantly correlated with admission rates (Pearson's r 0.52–0.79). On all measures these correlations were greater than those seen for total mental illness. Significant positive correlations of a lower order were seen for organic brain syndromes and mania. Admission rates for depression, personality disorder and substance misuse were not significantly correlated with any of the sociodemographic measures. Admission rates for neurotic illness were negatively correlated with all deprivation measures, with the negative correlation statistically significant at the 5% level for ethnic composition and overcrowding. Standardising admission rates for age and repeating the analysis after removal of influential data points did not greatly alter these findings.ConclusionsThe association between psychiatric admission rates and measures of deprivation varies considerably with diagnosis. Measures of social deprivation may indicate need for services for patients with psychotic disorders; admission rates for non-psychotic illnesses may reflect the availability of beds rather than need.

Social indicators and the prediction of psychiatric admission in different diagnostic groups

1997 ◽  
Vol 171 (5) ◽  
pp. 457-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony P. Boardman ◽  
Richard E. Hodgson ◽  
Martyn Lewis ◽  
Keith Allen
Keyword(s):  
Regression Models ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Social Indicators ◽  
Strong Correlations ◽  
Psychiatric Admission ◽  
Admission Rates ◽  
Neurotic Disorders ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Using Data

BackgroundRecent findings indicate that the established association between social indicators of deprivation and psychiatric admission rates may not hold across all diagnoses.MethodAdmission rates in individuals aged 16–64 years for 71 electoral wards in North Staffordshire were calculated for six diagnostic groups using data from the Korner Episode System for 1987–1993. These were correlated with selected individual census variables, Townsend and Jarman indices. The ability of regression models to predict admission rates was tested.ResultsThe strongest correlations were found for total admissions (r 0.44–0.79). Strong correlations were found for neurotic disorders/depression (r 0.29–0.62), schizophrenia (r 0.24–0.59), all non-psychotic disorders combined (r 0.41–0.71) and all psychotic disorders combined (r 0.33–0.67). Predicted admission rates for total admissions, psychotic and non-psychotic admissions using regression models showed strong positive correlations with observed admission rates.ConclusionsThe strong correlations between social indicators of deprivation and total psychotic admission rates are consistent with the results of previous studies. The strong associations between social indicators and admissions for non-psychotic disorders is contrary to previous findings and may be partly explained by the relatively high admission rates for neurotic disorders.

scholarly journals The ethnic composition of the population of Prinevye area and the Southern Ladoga area at the end of the XV century

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-72
Author(s):  
Boris I. Chibisov
Keyword(s):  
Economic History ◽  
Ethnic Composition ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
North West ◽  
Introduction History ◽  
The North ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
North Western ◽  
Descriptive Method

Introduction. History of the North-West area of Novgorod land at the end of the XV century attracted the attention of researchers mainly in the socio-economic aspect. This is due to the fact that Novgorod scribal books are dated by the end of the XV century. From the standpoint of socio-economic history their value is not in doubt, but from an ethno-historical point their onomastic content is underestimated. Materials and methods. The main source of research was the scribe book of the Vodskaya Pyatina 1499/1500. The descriptive method of research is to identify and record the Baltic-Finnish oikonyms (names of rural settlements) and anthroponyms mentioned in the scribe books. Baltic-Finnish anthroponyms are identified on the basis of an analysis of formal indicators of borrowing the anthroponyms. Results and Discussion. There are several areas where the Baltic-Finnish oikonymy and anthroponymy were concentrated, namely Korboselsky graveyard in the northern Prinevye, Lopsky and Terebuzhsky graveyards in the southern Ladoga, as well as Dudorovsky and Izhora graveyards south of the Neva. Archaeological sources record a significant presence of the Izhora antiquities. The presence of Karelians is noted in the northern Prievye and southern Ladoga. Slavic onomastic materials are recorded throughout Orekhovsky and Ladoga counties, but to mostly in the cities of Oreshka, Ladoga and their nearest areas. Conclusion. By the end of the XV century the north-western graveyards of Novgorod land were inhabited by representatives of various ethnic groups: Slavs, Vodians, Izhora and Karelians, as evidenced by the data of anthroponyms and toponyms of the scribe’s books and confirmed by archaeological sources.

scholarly journals Geospatial and seasonal variation of bronchiolitis in England: a cohort study using hospital episode statistics

Thorax ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 262-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kate Marie Lewis ◽  
Bianca De Stavola ◽  
Pia Hardelid
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Warning System ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
North West ◽  
Admission Rates ◽  
The North ◽  
Public Health Messages ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
English National Health

BackgroundRates of hospital admissions for bronchiolitis vary seasonally and geographically across England; however, seasonal differences by area remain unexplored. We sought to describe spatial variation in the seasonality of hospital admissions for bronchiolitis and its association with local demographic characteristics.MethodsSingleton children born in English National Health Service hospitals between 2011 and 2016 (n=3 727 013) were followed up for 1 year. Poisson regression models with harmonic functions to model seasonal variations were used to calculate weekly incidence rates and peak timing of bronchiolitis admissions across English regions and clinical commissioning groups (CCGs). Linear regression was used to estimate the joint association of population density and deprivation with incidence and peak timing of bronchiolitis admissions at the CCG level.ResultsBronchiolitis admission rates ranged from 30.9 per 1000 infant-years (95% CI 30.4 to 31.3) in London to 68.7 per 1000 (95% CI 67.9 to 69.5) in the North West. Across CCGs, there was a 5.3-fold variation in incidence rates and the epidemic peak ranged from week 49.3 to 52.2. Admission rates were positively associated with area-level deprivation. CCGs with earlier peak epidemics had higher population densities, and both high and low levels of deprivation were associated with earlier peak timing.ConclusionsApproximately one quarter of the variation in admission rates and two-fifths of the variation in peak timing of hospital admissions for bronchiolitis were explained by local demographic characteristics. Implementation of an early warning system could help to prepare hospitals for peak activity and to time public health messages.

scholarly journals Treatment and survival of lymphoid malignancy in the north-west of England: a population-based study

1995 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 757-765 ◽  
Author(s):  
JHAM Youngson ◽  
JM Jones ◽  
JG Chang ◽  
M Harris ◽  
SS Banergee
Keyword(s):  
Population Based ◽  
Lymphoid Malignancy ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
North West ◽  
The North

Is Diabetes Associated with Shoulder Pain or Stiffness? Results from a Population Based Study

2009 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 371-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANTONIA COLE ◽  
TIFFANY K. GILL ◽  
E. MICHAEL SHANAHAN ◽  
PATRICK PHILLIPS ◽  
ANNE W. TAYLOR ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Shoulder Pain ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Current Smoking ◽  
North West ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
The North ◽  
Hba1c Levels

Objectives.To assess the association of shoulder pain and/or stiffness and diabetes mellitus in a population based cohort.Methods.Participants were randomly recruited from the North West Adelaide Health Study, a longitudinal, population based study. In the second stage, 3128 participants were assessed for diabetes mellitus and shoulder complaints via questionnaires, the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI), physical assessment, blood sampling for fasting plasma glucose, and HbA1c levels.Results.Overall, 682 (21.8%) participants experienced shoulder pain and/or stiffness and 221 participants (7.1%) fulfilled criteria for diabetes mellitus. Those with diabetes had a higher prevalence of shoulder pain and/or stiffness (27.9% vs 21.3%; p = 0.025), and poorer SPADI disability subscore (p = 0.01) and total SPADI score (p = 0.02). After controlling for age, sex, obesity, and current smoking, the prevalence of shoulder pain and/or stiffness did not differ significantly between those with diabetes and those without (OR 1.05, 95% CI 0.76–1.45), nor were there significant differences in the SPADI disability subscore (p = 0.39) or total SPADI score (p = 0.32) between the 2 groups. After adjustment for covariates, there was no association between higher levels of HbA1c and shoulder pain and/or stiffness (p > 0.8). Range of shoulder movement was significantly reduced in those with diabetes (p < 0.05).Conclusions.There is a higher prevalence of shoulder pain and/or stiffness in people with diabetes mellitus. The differences observed between those with diabetes and those without can largely be explained by the confounding factors of age, sex, obesity, and current smoking.

scholarly journals Prevalence of obesity, food choices and socio-economic status: a cross-sectional study in the north-west of Iran

2006 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 996-1000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeed Dastgiri ◽  
Reza Mahdavi ◽  
Helda TuTunchi ◽  
Elnaz Faramarzi
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Products ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Essential Information ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity

AbstractAimTo document the epidemiological features and influencing factors of obesity in the north-west of Iran, to provide baseline information for setting up a regional population-based centre to control and prevent obesity-related disorders in the area.MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, a total of 300 subjects were selected/studied in Tabriz, one of the major cities in Iran. Data on basic characteristics, anthropometric measurements, dietary assessment and physical activity were collected. Obesity was defined as body mass index ≥ 30 kg m− 2for both women and men.ResultsTotal prevalence of obesity in the area was 22.4% (95% confidence interval (CI): 18.0–27.6). The prevalence of obesity was 24% (95% CI: 18.5–31.4) for women and 18% (95% CI: 12.5–25.6) for men. For both women and men obesity prevalence showed a positive association with age (P < 0.001), while there was a negative correlation of obesity with education and income (P < 0.001). Fruit consumption decreased the risk of obesity in both women and men (odds ratio (OR) = 0.60, 95% CI: 0.49–0.71 vs. OR = 0.62, 95% CI: 0.51–0.74, respectively). The same significant pattern was observed for the consumption of green vegetables (OR = 0.71, 95% CI: 0.57–0.63 vs. OR = 0.86, 95% CI: 0.77–0.98 for women and men, respectively), legumes (OR = 0.70, 95% CI: 0.59–0.84 vs. OR = 0.78, 95% CI: 0.66–0.91 for women and men, respectively) and dairy products (OR = 0.73, 95% CI: 0.61–0.91 vs. OR = 0.77, 95% CI: 0.63–0.93 for women and men, respectively).ConclusionsOur study showed that educational attainment, higher income and consumption of certain food groups (i.e. vegetables, fruits, legumes and dairy products) may decrease the risk of obesity. Our findings also indicate the crucial necessity of establishing a population-based centre for obesity in the area. The essential information is now achieved to propose to local health authorities to act accordingly. However, more population-based investigations on dietary choices are needed to develop effective preventive strategies to control overweight and obesity disorders in different regions.

scholarly journals Exacerbation of Psychosis During the Perimenstrual Phase of the Menstrual Cycle: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas J Reilly ◽  
Vanessa C Sagnay de la Bastida ◽  
Dan W Joyce ◽  
Alexis E Cullen ◽  
Philip McGuire
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Random Effects ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Cycle Phase ◽  
Menstrual Cycle Phase ◽  
Psychiatric Admission ◽  
Admission Rates

Abstract Psychotic disorders can be exacerbated by the hormonal changes associated with childbirth, but the extent to which exacerbations occur with the menstrual cycle is unclear. We addressed this issue by conducting a systematic review. Embase, Medline, and PsychINFO databases were searched for studies that measured exacerbations of psychotic disorders in relation to the menstrual cycle. We extracted exacerbation measure, definition of menstrual cycle phase, and measurement of menstrual cycle phase. Standard incidence ratios were calculated for the perimenstrual phase based on the observed admissions during this phase divided by the expected number of admissions if the menstrual cycle had no effect. Random effects models were used to examine pooled rates of psychiatric admission in the perimenstrual phase. Nineteen studies, comprising 1193 participants were eligible for inclusion. Eleven studies examined psychiatric admission rates, 5 examined symptoms scores, 2 examined self-reported exacerbation, and 1 examined both admission rates and symptom scores. A random effects model demonstrated the rate of admissions during the perimenstrual phase was 1.48 times higher than expected (95% CI: 1.31–1.67), with no significant heterogeneity detected. Four of six symptom score studies reported perimenstrual worsening, but lack of consistency in timepoints precluded meta-analysis. Two studies examining self-reported menstrual exacerbations reported prevalences ranging from 20% to 32.4%. Psychiatric admission rates are significantly higher than expected during the perimenstrual phase. There is some evidence that a worsening of psychotic symptoms also occurs during this phase, but further research with more precise measurement of the menstrual cycle and symptomatology is required.

Social Deprivation and Rates of Treated Mental Disorder

1991 ◽  
Vol 158 (4) ◽  
pp. 475-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graham Thornicroft
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Social Deprivation ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Living Alone ◽  
Stepwise Multiple Regression ◽  
Psychiatric Admission ◽  
Admission Rates ◽  
Multiple Regression Models ◽  
High Degree

A review of the literature shows that there are strong associations of treated prevalence rates of psychiatric disorder with social class, sex, marital status, ethnic group and living alone; and moderate associations with living in inner-city areas and a high degree of residential mobility. The Jarman-8 index of social deprivation correlates with psychiatric admission rates for patients aged less than 65 years (R2–0.38). Individual census variables can themselves account for up to 0.71 of the variance in the admission rates, while combined in a stepwise multiple regression the census variables will account for over 0.95 of this variation. Multiple regression models using individual census variables and derived indices should be applied next on a wider geographical basis, and to narrower age, sex and diagnosis-specific psychiatric morbidity rates.

scholarly journals Evaluating the Effectiveness of a Local Primary Care Incentive Scheme: A Difference-in-Differences Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 107755872110352
Author(s):  
Esmaeil Khedmati Morasae ◽  
Tanith C. Rose ◽  
Mark Gabbay ◽  
Laura Buckels ◽  
Colette Morris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Financial Incentive ◽  
Emergency Admission ◽  
Difference In Differences ◽  
Emergency Admissions ◽  
North West ◽  
Admission Rates ◽  
The North ◽  
Improvement Scheme

National financial incentive schemes for improving the quality of primary care have come under criticism in the United Kingdom, leading to calls for localized alternatives. This study investigated whether a local general practice incentive-based quality improvement scheme launched in 2011 in a city in the North West of England was associated with a reduction in all-cause emergency hospital admissions. Difference-in-differences analysis was used to compare the change in emergency admission rates in the intervention city, to the change in a matched comparison population. Emergency admissions rates fell by 19 per 1,000 people in the years following the intervention (95% confidence interval [17, 21]) in the intervention city, relative to the comparison population. This effect was greater among more disadvantaged populations, narrowing socioeconomic inequalities in emergency admissions. The findings suggest that similar approaches could be an effective component of strategies to reduce unplanned hospital admissions elsewhere.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document