Bipolar Disorder Associated with Primary Generalised Epilepsy

1993 ◽  
Vol 162 (5) ◽  
pp. 699-700 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert H. Howland
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Family History ◽  
Psychiatric Illness ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Absence Seizures ◽  
Epileptic Discharges ◽  
History Of ◽  
Temporally Correlated

A patient with bipolar disorder and primary generalised epilepsy, and a family history of psychiatric illness and epilepsy, is described. The episodic psychiatric symptoms were temporally correlated with epileptic discharges and absence seizures observed during repeated EEGs.

Psychotic symptoms in pediatric bipolar disorder and family history of psychiatric illness

2006 ◽  
Vol 96 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 127-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Rende ◽  
Boris Birmaher ◽  
David Axelson ◽  
Michael Strober ◽  
Mary Kay Gill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Family History ◽  
Psychiatric Illness ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Pediatric Bipolar Disorder ◽  
History Of

Cognitive reserve in neuropsychiatry

2006 ◽  
Vol 36 (8) ◽  
pp. 1053-1064 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. BARNETT ◽  
C. H. SALMOND ◽  
P. B. JONES ◽  
B. J. SAHAKIAN
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Head Injury ◽  
Cognitive Reserve ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Disorders ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Cognitive Failure ◽  
History Of

Background. The idea that superior cognitive function acts as a protective factor against dementia and the consequences of head injury is well established. Here we suggest the hypothesis that cognitive reserve is also important in neuropsychiatric disorders including schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and depression.Method. We review the history of passive and active models of reserve, and apply the concept to neuropsychiatric disorders. Schizophrenia is used as an exemplar because the effects of premorbid IQ and cognitive function in this disorder have been extensively studied.Results. Cognitive reserve may impact on neuropsychiatric disorders in three ways: by affecting the risk for developing the disorder, in the expression of symptoms within disorders, and in patients' functional outcome. Cognitive failure below a certain threshold may alone, or in combination with common psychiatric symptoms, produce neuropsychiatric syndromes.Conclusions. Consideration of cognitive reserve may considerably improve our understanding of individual differences in the causes and consequences of neuropsychiatric disorders. For these reasons, the concept of cognitive reserve should be incorporated in future studies of neuropsychiatric disorder. It may be possible to enhance cognitive reserve through pharmacological or non-pharmacological means, such as education, neurocognitive activation or other treatment programmes.

The Alice in Wonderland Syndrome in Juvenile Migraine

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 517-519
Author(s):  
Gerald S. Golden
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Family History ◽  
Psychiatric Illness ◽  
Visual Analysis ◽  
Drug Ingestion ◽  
Alice In Wonderland ◽  
History Of

Two children are reported who had recurrent attacks of impairment of time sense, body image, and visual analysis of the environment. These occurred with a clear state of consciousness and in the absence of any evidence of an encephalitic process, seizures, drug ingestion, or psychiatric illness. Both children had recurrent headaches; one was clearly migrainous. There was a family history of migraine in both cases. These children represent examples of the Alice in Wonderland syndrome in juvenile migraine.

Who Responds to Prophylactic Lithium Therapy?

1993 ◽  
Vol 163 (S21) ◽  
pp. 20-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. T. Abou-Saleh
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Family History ◽  
Bipolar Affective Disorder ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Predictors Of Outcome ◽  
Powerful Predictor ◽  
Bipolar Illness ◽  
History Of ◽  
Psychotic Features

The search for predictors of outcome has not been particularly rewarding, and the use of lithium remains empirical: a trial of lithium is the most powerful predictor of outcome. However, lithium is a highly specific treatment for bipolar disorder. In non-bipolar affective disorder, factors of interest are correlates of bipolar disorder: mood-congruent psychotic features, retarded-endogenous profile, cyclothymic personality, positive family history of bipolar illness, periodicity, and normality between episodes of illness.

Postpartum Psychosis

2020 ◽  
pp. 39-50
Author(s):  
Nikole Benders-Hadi
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Family History ◽  
Elevated Risk ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Postpartum Psychosis ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
History Of ◽  
Infant Hospitalization ◽  
Increased Activity

This chapter on postpartum psychosis notes that the risk of postpartum psychosis in the general population is very rare at less than 1%. In a mother with a known history of schizophrenia, this risk increases to 25%. Psychotic symptoms appearing postpartum may also be evidence of a bipolar disorder. The presence of elevated mood, increased activity levels and energy, poor sleep, and a family history of manic episodes all increase the likelihood that a bipolar disorder is present. Women with a personal or family history of a bipolar disorder are at an elevated risk of developing a mania or depression with psychotic symptoms postpartum. Postpartum psychosis due to any cause is a psychiatric emergency and treatment should be initiated early and aggressively to ensure the safety of mother and infant. Hospitalization and/or separation of the baby and mother may be necessary. The use of medication to treat schizophrenia or bipolar disorder during pregnancy may decrease the risk of a postpartum psychosis. With appropriate postpartum medication and support, the majority of women experiencing postpartum psychosis recover well and the risk of recurrent psychotic symptoms can be greatly reduced.

scholarly journals Study of Risk Factors Associated with Suicide Attempt in Patients with Bipolar Disorder Type I

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (02) ◽  
pp. 291-298
Author(s):  
Karthick Subramanian ◽  
Vikas Menon ◽  
Siddharth Sarkar ◽  
Vigneshvar Chandrasekaran ◽  
Nivedhitha Selvakumar
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Family History ◽  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Type I ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background Suicide is the leading contributor to mortality in bipolar disorder (BD). A history of suicidal attempt is a robust predictive marker for future suicide attempts. Personality profiles and coping strategies are the areas of contemporary research in bipolar suicides apart from clinical and demographic risk factors. However, similar research in developing countries is rarer. Objectives The present study aimed to identify the risk factors associated with suicidal attempts in BD type I (BD-I). Materials and Methods Patients with BD-I currently in clinical remission (N = 102) were recruited. Sociodemographic details and the clinical data were collected using a semistructured pro forma. The psychiatric diagnoses were confirmed using the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview 5.0. The National Institute of Mental Health–Life Chart Methodology Clinician Retrospective Chart was used to chart the illness course. Presumptive Stressful Life Events Scale, Coping Strategies Inventory Short Form, Buss–Perry aggression questionnaire, Past Feelings and Acts of Violence, and Barratt Impulsivity scale were used to assess the patient’s stress scores, coping skills, aggression, violence, and impulsivity, respectively. Statistical Analysis Descriptive statistics were used for demographic details and characteristics of the illness course. Binary logistic regression analyses were performed to identify the predictors for lifetime suicide attempt in BD-I. Results A total of 102 patients (males = 49 and females = 53) with BD-I were included. Thirty-seven subjects (36.3%) had a history of suicide attempt. The illness course in suicide attempters more frequently had an index episode of depression, was encumbered with frequent mood episodes, especially in depression, and had a higher propensity for psychiatric comorbidities. On binary logistic regression analysis, the odds ratios (ORs) for predicting a suicide attempt were highest for positive family history of suicide (OR: 13.65, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.28–145.38, p = 0.030), followed by the presence of an index depressive episode (OR: 6.88, 95% CI: 1.70–27.91, p = 0.007), and lower scores on problem-focused disengagement (OR: 0.72, 95% CI: 0.56–0.92, p = 0.009). Conclusion BD-I patients with lifetime suicide attempt differ from non-attempters on various course-related and temperamental factors. However, an index episode depression, family history of suicide, and lower problem-focused engagement can predict lifetime suicide attempt in patients with BD-I.

Everyday creativity and bipolar and unipolar affective disorder: preliminary study of personal and family history

1992 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Richards ◽  
DK Kinney ◽  
H Daniels ◽  
K Linkins
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Family History ◽  
Affective Disorder ◽  
Affective Disorders ◽  
Bipolar Disorders ◽  
Data Support ◽  
History Of ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Everyday Creativity ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

SummaryPreliminary new data support the enhancement of ‘everyday’ creativity among those persons with bipolar disorders who manifest milder rather than more severe mood elevations, and among certain individuals who are likely to carry bipolar liability but themselves show no clinical mood elevations – in this case, unipolar depressives with a family history of bipolar disorder, when compared with depressives lacking this history. Creativity was assessed using the lifetime creativity scales (Richards el al, 1988). Underlying mechanisms may be multifactorial and complex. Results suggest that both personal and family history should be considered when making predictions concerning creativity and affective disorders.

Unipolar vs. Bipolar Mania: A Review of 247 Patients

1982 ◽  
Vol 141 (5) ◽  
pp. 453-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce Pfohl ◽  
Ned Vasquez ◽  
Henry Nasrallan
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Family History ◽  
Chart Review ◽  
Manic Episode ◽  
Unipolar Depression ◽  
Separate Entity ◽  
University Of Iowa ◽  
History Of ◽  
Bipolar Mania ◽  
The University

SummaryPrevious studies attempting to support unipolar mania as an entity distinct from bipolar disorder, have produced conflicting results. The present study reports on a chart review of 247 patients admitted to the University of Iowa with a history of at least one manic episode; 87 of these had apparently never experienced a depression. A subgroup of 92 patients, who met DSM III diagnostic criteria and had a history of at least two episodes of affective disorder, were also examined. There were few clinically meaningful differences between patients with unipolar mania and bipolar disorder on demographic, symptomatic, or familial variables. An earlier report that unipolar manics were more likely to be male and have a family history of unipolar depression was not confirmed. Unipolar mania is not supported as a separate entity from bipolar disorder.

scholarly journals Metabolic dysfunction in women with bipolar disorder: the potential influence of family history of type 2 diabetes mellitus

2010 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 504-513 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalie L Rasgon ◽  
Heather A Kenna ◽  
Margaret F Reynolds-May ◽  
Pascale G Stemmle ◽  
Mytilee Vemuri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Family History ◽  
Metabolic Dysfunction ◽  
Potential Influence ◽  
History Of

scholarly journals Psychiatric illness and regression in individuals with Phelan-McDermid syndrome

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa M. Kohlenberg ◽  
M. Pilar Trelles ◽  
Brittany McLarney ◽  
Catalina Betancur ◽  
Audrey Thurm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Illness ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Scaffolding Protein ◽  
International Registry ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Background Phelan-McDermid syndrome (PMS) is a genetic condition characterized by intellectual disability, speech and language deficits, hypotonia, autism spectrum disorder, and epilepsy. PMS is caused by 22q13.33 deletions or mutations affecting SHANK3, which codes for a critical scaffolding protein in excitatory synapses. SHANK3 variants are also known to be associated with an increased risk for regression, as well as for psychiatric disorders, including bipolar disorder and catatonia. This study aimed to further describe these phenomena in PMS and to explore any relationship between psychiatric illness and regression after early childhood. Methods Thirty-eight people with PMS were recruited to this study through the Phelan-McDermid Syndrome Foundation based on caregiver report of distinct development of psychiatric symptoms. Caregivers completed a clinician-administered semi-structured interview focused on eliciting psychiatric symptomatology. Data from the PMS International Registry were used to confirm genetic diagnoses of participants and to provide a larger sample for comparison. Results The mean age of the 38 participants was 24.7 years (range = 13 to 50; SD = 10.06). Females (31 of 38 cases; 82%) and sequence variants (15 of 38 cases; 39%) were over-represented in this sample, compared to base rates in the PMS International Registry. Onset of psychiatric symptoms occurred at a mean age of 15.4 years (range = 7 to 32), with presentations marked by prominent disturbances of mood. Enduring substantial loss of functional skills after onset of psychiatric changes was seen in 25 cases (66%). Symptomst indicative of catatonia occurred in 20 cases (53%). Triggers included infections, changes in hormonal status, and stressful life events. Conclusions This study confirms that individuals with PMS are at risk of developing severe neuropsychiatric illness in adolescence or early adulthood, including bipolar disorder, catatonia, and lasting regression of skills. These findings should increase the awareness of these phenotypes and lead to earlier diagnosis and the implementation of appropriate interventions. Our findings also highlight the importance of genetic testing in the work-up of individuals with intellectual disability and acute psychiatric illness or regression. Future research is needed to clarify the prevalence and nature of psychiatric disorders and regression among larger unbiased samples of individuals with PMS.

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