scholarly journals The CIDI-Core Substance Abuse and Dependence Questions: Cross-cultural and Nosological Issues

1991 ◽  
Vol 159 (5) ◽  
pp. 653-658 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. B. Cottler ◽  
L. N. Robins ◽  
B. F. Grant ◽  
J. Blaine ◽  
L. H. Towle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Field Trial ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Collaborative Effort ◽  
The World ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
The Cross

The CIDI is a fully standardised, structured interview for the assessment of psychiatric disorders according to DSM–III–R and proposed ICD–10 criteria. The development of this interview has been the collaborative effort of researchers from 18 sites around the world. In a field trial to test the cross-cultural acceptability and reliability of the questions, there was found to be high acceptance and excellent reliability for the substance use questions, problems with the lengthy alcohol section, and difficulties translating relevant substance use concepts into different languages. There is therefore room for further improvement in the substance-related questions. There proved to be differences between ICD–10 and DSM–III–R regarding substance abuse and dependence disorders.

scholarly journals Workplace Inhalant Abuse in Adult Female: Brief Report

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rohit Verma ◽  
Yatan Pal Singh Balhara ◽  
Smita N. Deshpande
Keyword(s):  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Adult Female ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Substance Abuse Problem ◽  
Clinical Report ◽  
Significant Morbidity ◽  
Inhalant Abuse ◽  
Altered Mental State

Inhalant abuse is the purposeful inhalation of intoxicating gases and vapors for the purpose of achieving an altered mental state. With its propensity for being yet an under-recognized form of substance use, being gateway to hard substances, cross-cultural penetration crossing socioeconomic boundaries, and causing significant morbidity and mortality in early ages, the prevention of inhalant misuse is a highly pertinent issue. This clinical report identifies a newer perspective in the emergence of inhalant abuse initiation. We report a case of an adult female with late onset of inhalant dependence developing at workplace and recommend for greater awareness, prevention, and management of this expanding substance abuse problem.

scholarly journals Cross-cultural studies of personality traits and their relevance to psychiatry

2006 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 176-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Terracciano ◽  
Robert R. McCrae
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Personality Profiles ◽  
The World

SUMMARYAims – This article provides a brief review of recent cross-cultural research on personality traits at both individual and culture levels, highlighting the relevance of recent findings for psychiatry. Method – In most cultures around the world, personality traits can be clearly summarized by the five broad dimensions of the Five-Factor Model (FFM), which makes it feasible to compare cultures on personality and psychopathology. Results – Maturational patterns and sex differences in personality traits generally show cultural invariance, which generates the hypothesis that age of onset, clinical evolution, and sex differences in the prevalence of psychiatric disorders might follow similar universal patterns. The average personality profiles from 51 cultures show meaningful geographical distributions and associations with culture-level variables, but are clearly unrelated to national character stereotypes. Conclusions – Aggregate personality scores can potentially be related to epidemiological data on psychiatric disorders, and dimensional personality models have implications for psychiatric diagnosis and treatment around the world.Declaration of Interest: This research was supported by the Intramural Research Program of the NIH, National Institute on Aging. Robert R. McCrae receives royalties from the Revised NEO Personality Inventory.

A Study of Drugs and Substance Abuse among Adolescents of Slum Dwellers

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Mridula Sharma ◽  
Moni Chaudhary
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Substance Abusers ◽  
Slum Area ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Targeted Interventions ◽  
Public Health Crisis ◽  
Slum Dwellers ◽  
The World

Drugs and substance abuse and dependence has become a worldwide public health crisis. The abuse of drug is an international problem, which affects almost every country in the world, both developed and developing. The present study was carried out with the objective: To study the prevalence and patterns of drugs and substance abuse among adolescents, living in slum of Meerut. A survey was conducted on slum area of Nauchandi compound, Meerut District. Sample was collected from 110 boys of 12 to 16 years old. The survey was based on drug addiction habits. Results shows that 46.36 % adolescents of the slum area used substance like Gutkha, Tobacco, Smoking, Alcohol, Afeem, Ganja, Thinner and Marijuana. 54.91% admitted to using one time, 23.53% admitted rarely, 15.68% admitted occasionally and 5.88%   admitted that they have craving for drugs, so use frequently. The most common substances used were Gutkha 46.36%, tobacco 40.91%, smoking 37.27%, and alcohol 13.63%.  8.18% substance abusers used multiple substances. Synthetic narcotics and LSD were not used by any of the abusers. Our study revealed that prevalence of substance use among adolescents is high and cause significant problem in this population, therefore there is necessity of targeted interventions to reduce this huge burden.

Explaining why experimental behavior varies across cultures: A missing step in “The weirdest people in the world?”

2010 ◽  
Vol 33 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 101-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edouard Machery
Keyword(s):  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Experimental Behavior ◽  
The World ◽  
The Cross

AbstractIn this commentary, I argue that to properly assess the significance of the cross-cultural findings reviewed by Henrich et al., one needs to understand better the causes of the variation in performance in experimental tasks across cultures.

Mothering through a child's addiction journey: Linking lived experience to the lenses that shape intervention

2020 ◽  
pp. 146801732095434
Author(s):  
Deborah O'Connor
Keyword(s):  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
North America ◽  
Lived Experience ◽  
Social Workers ◽  
Social Worker ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Opioid Overdose ◽  
The World ◽  
Drug Free

Summary Someone dies from an opioid overdose every two hours in North America. These statistics became personal when my eldest son died from a drug overdose—he had been in recovery for a year, excited about the prospect of welcoming his unborn daughter into the world, and desperately committed to staying drug-free. He had been struggling with substance abuse for over twelve years. As a mother and Social Worker, I spent those years feeling helpless and deficient as things spiraled further and further out of control, committed to supporting my beloved son in a system that was not working. Findings This article is about this journey. My goal is to critically examine how our treatment lenses for understanding addiction create unacknowledged ethical issues and tensions that stigmatize not only those with substance use issues, but their family as well. Application The purpose is two-fold: to examine how the experience of mothering a child with addictions who dies is constructed as a problematic, and to invite Social Workers to think critically about their practices and the lenses they are drawing on when working with this population.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document