Season of Birth in Schizophrenia

1991 ◽  
Vol 158 (6) ◽  
pp. 764-769 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eadbhard O'Callaghan ◽  
Tessa Gibson ◽  
Hubert A. Colohan ◽  
David Walshe ◽  
Peter Buckley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Psychiatric Disorder ◽  
Environmental Factor ◽  
Normal Population ◽  
Season Of Birth ◽  
Significant Excess ◽  
Degree Relative ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
History Of ◽  
Population Controls

Although it is well recognised that schizophrenic patients are more often born in winter, the significance of this finding remains obscure. Data relating to season of birth and family history were analysed for 561 patients with an ICD–9 diagnosis of schizophrenia. Patients with no family history of any psychiatric disorder group were significantly more likely to be born in winter than patients with a first-degree relative affected by schizophrenia. In comparison with normal population controls, only those without a family history exhibited a significant excess of winter births, suggesting an environmental factor of greater aetiological significance in these patients.

The Nithsdale Schizophrenia Surveys X: Obstetric Complications, Family History and Abnormal Movements

1992 ◽  
Vol 160 (6) ◽  
pp. 799-805 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin G. McCreadie ◽  
David J. Hall ◽  
Ian J. Berry ◽  
Lesley J. Robertson ◽  
James I. Ewing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Tardive Dyskinesia ◽  
Psychiatric Illness ◽  
Obstetric Complications ◽  
Degree Relative ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Abnormal Movements ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
History Of

Obstetric histories of 54 schizophrenic patients and 114 siblings were obtained from their mothers and scored using the Obstetric Complications Scale. There was no statistically significant difference in the proportion of schizophrenic patients (35%) and siblings (29%) who had at least one definite obstetric complication. There was no evidence that schizophrenic patients with a history of obstetric complications were less likely to have a first-degree relative with a history of psychiatric illness leading to in-patient care. Schizophrenic patients with a history of obstetric complications were more likely to have drug-induced Parkinsonism. There was a trend for tardive dyskinesia to be more common in those schizophrenic patients with no obstetric complications but a family history of schizophrenia.

Season of Birth in Alzheimer's Disease

1989 ◽  
Vol 155 (05) ◽  
pp. 662-666 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Philpot ◽  
Michelle Rottenstein ◽  
Alistair Burns ◽  
Geoffrey Der
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Family History ◽  
Clinical Diagnosis ◽  
Season Of Birth ◽  
Significant Excess ◽  
Birth Rates ◽  
History Of

Variation in quarter of birth was examined in patients with a clinical diagnosis of AD. There was a significant excess of first-quarter births among AD patients as compared with the expected birth rates derived from an age-matched census sample. This finding was due entirely to the significant excess of first-quarter births in AD patients without a family history of dementia. No seasonal variation was found in the birth dates of other clinical groups.

Psychiatric disorder in young adults born very preterm: Role of family history

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (7) ◽  
pp. 527-531 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Walshe ◽  
L. Rifkin ◽  
M. Rooney ◽  
E. Healy ◽  
C. Nosarti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Family History ◽  
Psychiatric Disorder ◽  
Psychiatric Illness ◽  
Degree Relative ◽  
Interview Schedule ◽  
Very Preterm ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
History Of

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate whether young adults born very preterm (VPT) (<33 weeks) are at increased risk for psychiatric illness in adulthood and whether a family history of psychiatric disorder further increases this risk.MethodsWe assessed 169 VPT and 101 term born individuals using the Clinical Interview Schedule – Revised.ResultsYoung adults born VPT had an increased risk for psychiatric disorder compared to controls (OR = 3.1, 95% CI = 1.1–8.6, p = 0.03). Those born VPT who had a history of psychiatric disorder in a first-degree relative, had an increase in risk for psychiatric disorder compared to those born VPT without a family history (OR = 5.2, 95% CI = 1.8–14.9, p = 0.002).ConclusionIndividuals born VPT are at increased risk of psychiatric illness in young adulthood compared to controls. In addition, a family history of psychiatric disorder in a first-degree relative may leave young adults born VPT particularly vulnerable to psychiatric illness.

Family History and Cerebral Ventricular Enlargement in Schizophrenia

1989 ◽  
Vol 154 (5) ◽  
pp. 629-634 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Owen ◽  
Shôn W. Lewis ◽  
Robin M. Murray
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Affective Disorder ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Ventricular Enlargement ◽  
Ventricular Size ◽  
Degree Relative ◽  
Distinct Subgroup ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
History Of ◽  
Normal Controls

Ventricular size was measured from CT scans in 48 patients meeting RDC for schizophrenia who had a first-degree relative with a history of treatment for major psychiatric disorder, in 48 age- and sex-matched schizophrenic patients with no such history in first- or second-degree relatives, and in 48 matched, healthy controls. There was no difference in ventricular size between those with and without a positive family history, although both groups showed ventricular enlargement with respect to normal controls. Ventricular enlargement was demonstrated in the subgroup of 23 patients with a family history of schizophrenia, but not in the subgroup of 18 patients with a family history of affective disorder. These observations provide further evidence that schizophrenics with a family history of affective disorder may constitute an aetiologically distinct subgroup.

Risk Factors in Schizophrenia

1988 ◽  
Vol 152 (4) ◽  
pp. 460-465 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miron Baron ◽  
Rhoda Gruen
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Family History ◽  
Age At Onset ◽  
Familial Risk ◽  
Season Of Birth ◽  
Birth Season ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
History Of ◽  
Spectrum Disorders

The association between the familial risk for schizophrenia and season of birth was studied in 88 schizophrenic patients. An increased risk for schizophrenia and ‘spectrum’ disorders was demonstrated among the first-degree relatives of winter and spring-born schizophrenic patients. However, patients with a family history of schizophrenia and ‘spectrum’ disorders did not differ from patients with no family history with respect to season of birth. Season of birth was unrelated to the sex of the patient, birth order, age at onset, or clinical subtypes (paranoid vs non-paranoid, as defined by the RDC, and ‘narrow’ vs ‘broad’, as defined by Taylor & Abrams' 1975 criteria). The morbid-risk data support a ‘stress-diathesis' hypothesis whereby environmental factors (in this case a seasonally varying viral insult may be implicated) interact with genetic vulnerability to increase the risk for schizophrenia.

Season of Birth in Alzheimer's Disease

1989 ◽  
Vol 155 (5) ◽  
pp. 662-666 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Philpot ◽  
Michelle Rottenstein ◽  
Alistair Burns ◽  
Geoffrey Der
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Family History ◽  
Clinical Diagnosis ◽  
Season Of Birth ◽  
Significant Excess ◽  
Birth Rates ◽  
History Of

Variation in quarter of birth was examined in patients with a clinical diagnosis of AD. There was a significant excess of first-quarter births among AD patients as compared with the expected birth rates derived from an age-matched census sample. This finding was due entirely to the significant excess of first-quarter births in AD patients without a family history of dementia. No seasonal variation was found in the birth dates of other clinical groups.

A Group Therapy Approach to Facilitate Integration of Risk Information for Women at Risk for Breast Cancer

1998 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 375-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Jane Esplen ◽  
Brenda Toner ◽  
Jonathan Hunter ◽  
Gordon Glendon ◽  
Kate Butler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Family History ◽  
Group Therapy ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Risk Information ◽  
Degree Relative ◽  
Therapy Approach ◽  
History Of

Objective: To describe and illustrate elements of a group counselling approach designed to enhance the communication of risk information on breast cancer (BC) to women with a family history of this disease. Breast cancer is a leading cause of female cancer death. The most important risk factor for BC is a positive family history in at least 1 first-degree relative, and approximately one-third of women with BC have a family history of the disease. Recent evidence suggests that there is a significant psychological impact associated with having a family history of BC, and this may influence the psychological adjustment and response to being counselled for personal risk. New counselling approaches are required. Method: This paper describes a group therapy approach that incorporates principles of supportive-expressive therapy designed to address the emotional impact of being at risk for BC and to promote accuracy of perceived risk. The key elements of the intervention are described along with clinical illustrations from groups that are part of an ongoing study to develop and standardize the group therapy. Conclusion: Qualitative data from the groups suggest that this model of therapy is both feasible and effective.

Season of birth interacts with measures of inbreeding in multiplex schizophrenia pedigrees: evidence from genetic isolates in Daghestan

Open Medicine ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 392-398
Author(s):  
Kazima Bulayeva ◽  
John McGrath
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Family History ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Population Genetic Study ◽  
Season Of Birth ◽  
High Genetic Diversity ◽  
Low Genetic Diversity ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
History Of ◽  
Genetic Isolates

AbstractWhile the season-of-birth effect is one of the most consistent epidemiological features of schizophrenia, there is a lack of consistency with respect to the interaction between season of birth and family history of schizophrenia. Apart from family history, measures related to consanguinity can be used as proxy markers of genomic heterogeneity. Thus, these measures may provide an alternate, indirect index of genetic susceptibility. We had the opportunity to explore the interaction between season of birth and measure of consanguinity in well-described genetic isolates in Daghestan, some of which are known for their relatively high prevalence of schizophrenia. Our previous population-genetic study showed Daghestan has an extremely high genetic diversity between the ethnic populations and a low genetic diversity within them. The isolates selected for this study include some with more than 200 and some with less than 100 generations of demographical history since their founding. Based on pedigrees of multiply-affected families, we found that among individuals with schizophrenia, the measure of consanguinity was significantly higher in the parents of those born in winter/spring compared to those born in summer/autumn. Furthermore, compared to summer/autumn born, winter/spring born individuals with schizophrenia had an earlier age-of-onset, and more prominent auditory hallucinations. Our results suggest that the offspring of consanguineous marriages, and thus those with reduced allelic heterogeneity, may be more susceptible to the environmental factor(s) underpinning the season-of-the effect in schizophrenia.

Obtaining a Family Psychiatric History: Is it Worth the Effort?

1993 ◽  
Vol 38 (9) ◽  
pp. 590-594 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald A. Remick ◽  
Adele D. Sadovnick ◽  
Boris Gimbarzevsky ◽  
Raymond W. Lam ◽  
Athanasios P. Zis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Psychiatric Disorder ◽  
Mood Disorder ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Psychiatric History ◽  
First Degree Relatives ◽  
History Of ◽  
Generated Family ◽  
Index Cases

The purpose of this study was to determine whether, for first-degree relatives of patients presenting to a mood disorders clinic, family history information on psychiatric conditions collected by a psychiatrist and incorporated into the patient's medical records is as informative as that gathered during an interview specifically designed to collect family history data. The study group consisted of 472 first-degree relatives of 78 randomly selected index cases from a large mood disorders genetic database. Family history of psychiatric disorders recorded in regular psychiatric medical records (“clinician history”), and data obtained by a genetic counsellor administering specific family psychiatric history questionnaires to patients and multiple family informants (“family history”) were compared using a kappa statistic. Good agreement between the two methods on the presence or absence of a psychiatric disorder was found among first-degree relatives of index cases, but poor agreement was found with respect to the presence or absence of a specific mood disorder diagnosis(es) in a relative. The results suggest that a clinician-generated family psychiatric history is sensitive to the presence or absence of a psychiatric disorder when compared to a more structured detailed genetic interview. However, for research purposes, a clinician-generated family psychiatric history of a specific mood disorder diagnosis, without supporting collateral information, may not be reliable for use in supporting a mood disorder diagnosis in a patient and/or his relatives.

Family history of prostate cancer in patients with localized prostate cancer: an independent predictor of treatment outcome.

1997 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 1478-1480 ◽  
Author(s):  
P A Kupelian ◽  
V A Kupelian ◽  
J S Witte ◽  
R Macklis ◽  
E A Klein
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Treatment Outcome ◽  
Family History ◽  
Treatment Modality ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Tumor Stage ◽  
Degree Relative ◽  
History Of

PURPOSE To determine if familial prostate cancer patients have a less favorable prognosis than patients with sporadic prostate cancer after treatment for localized disease with either radiotherapy (RT) or radical prostatectomy (RP). PATIENTS AND METHODS One thousand thirty-eight patients treated with either RT (n = 583) or RP (n = 455) were included in this analysis. These patients were noted as having a positive family history if they confirmed the diagnosis of prostate cancer in a first-degree relative. The outcome of interest was biochemical relapse-free survival (bRFS). We used proportional hazards to analyze the effect of the presence of family history and other potential confounding variables (ie, age, treatment modality, stage, biopsy Gleason sum [GS], and initial prostate-specific antigen [iPSA] levels) on treatment outcome. RESULTS Eleven percent of all patients had a positive family history. The 5-year bRFS rates for patients with negative and positive family histories were 52% and 29%, respectively (P < .001). The potential confounders with bRFS rates were iPSA levels, biopsy GS, and clinical tumor stage; treatment modality and age did not appear to be associated with outcome. After adjusting for potential confounders, family history of prostate cancer remained strongly associated with biochemical failure. CONCLUSION This is the first study to demonstrate that the presence of a family history of prostate cancer correlates with treatment outcome in a large unselected series of patients. Our findings suggest that familial prostate cancer may have a more aggressive course than nonfamilial prostate cancer, and that clinical and/or pathologic parameters may not adequately predict this course.

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