Sight and Insight: Regional Cerebral Metabolic Activity in Schizophrenia Visualised by Positron Emission Tomography, and Competing Neurodevelopmental Perspectives

1990 ◽  
Vol 156 (5) ◽  
pp. 615-619 ◽  
Author(s):  
John L. Waddington
Keyword(s):  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Dopamine Receptors ◽  
Metabolic Activity ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Brain Dopamine ◽  
The Past ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients

Over the past several years there has emerged a family of highly sophisticated but technically complex procedures for the visualisation of a range of cerebral functions in living man (Andreasen, 1988). The images they produce are so beguiling not just because of their potential to give new insights into the pathophysiology and treatment of major psychiatric disorders, but because they convey information through a quite fundamental modality: people are only convinced by what they can see. However, initial applications of such new technology have appeared just as likely to generate new questions and contradictions as to provide answers to current issues. This is readily illustrated by recent studies on the imaging of brain dopamine receptors in schizophrenic patients by positron emission tomography (PET) (see Waddington, 1989a).

Sight and Insight: Brain Dopamine Receptor Occupancy by Neuroleptics Visualised in Living Schizophrenic Patients by Positron Emission Tomography

1989 ◽  
Vol 154 (4) ◽  
pp. 433-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
John L. Waddington
Keyword(s):  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Receptor Occupancy ◽  
Biological Psychiatry ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Neurotransmitter Receptors ◽  
Brain Dopamine ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients

There can be few more impressive sights in contemporary neuroscience and biological psychiatry than the imaging of neurotransmitter receptors in the brains of living human subjects by positron emission tomography (PET; Sedvall et al, 1986). How has such technology advanced our understanding of the pathophysiology and/or treatment of major psychiatric disorders?

Neuroinflammation in schizophrenic patients: A positron emission tomography study with [11C]-(R)-PK11195

NeuroImage ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. T109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janine Doorduin ◽  
E.F.J. deVries ◽  
A.T.M. Willemsen ◽  
R.A. Dierckx ◽  
H.C. Klein
Keyword(s):  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Positron Emission Tomography Study ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients

Destination of Mental Disorders Through Biochemical and Neuropathological Analysis?

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
P. Falkai
Keyword(s):  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Imaging Findings ◽  
Severe Mental Disorders ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Dopamine Hypothesis

In the first half of the last century researchers believed that severe mental disorders like schizophrenia have a neuropathological basis. Up to now it has been difficult to prove any consistent core finding for this disorder. Reason for this might be that it is a network disorder and therefore regional specific findings will unlikely be found. Parallel to that describing the dopamine hypothesis of schizophrenia and the catechol amine deficit hypothesis of depression were very helpful for understanding the mechanisms of antipsychotics and antidepressants working in these disorders. Especially the introduction of the positron emission tomography has helped to link symptoms with the transmitter systems. However, none of these findings are specific for schizophrenia or depression. During the talk it will be discussed when the combination of core clinical symptoms, imaging findings and genetic variables are helpful for a future classification of psychiatric disorders.

scholarly journals The Effect of Diazepam Sedation on Cerebral Glucose Metabolism in Alzheimer's Disease as Measured Using Positron Emission Tomography

1987 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 415-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norman L. Foster ◽  
Abraham F. L. VanDerSpek ◽  
Michael S. Aldrich ◽  
Stanley Berent ◽  
Richard H. Hichwa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Metabolic Activity ◽  
Glucose Utilization ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Intravenous Diazepam

The effect of sedation induced by intravenous diazepam on cerebral glucose metabolic activity was examined with [18F]2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG) and positron emission tomography (PET) in five patients with probable Alzheimer's disease. Each subject was studied on 2 separate days: on one occasion at rest with eyes patched and ears open, and on the second when sedated with intravenous diazepam titrated to maintain stage II sleep by clinical and EEG criteria. Similar patterns of glucose uptake were observed in both the presence and the absence of sedation, but overall glucose utilization was depressed an average of 20% and was closely correlated with the amount of diazepam administered prior to the injection of FDG. The predominant temporoparietal hypometabolism and relative sparing of frontal metabolism observed in this disease are therefore not explained by differences in anxiety or activity level in this patient group. Utilization of diazepam sedation for PET study appears to be safe and may permit the study of patients otherwise unable to cooperate with FDG-PET procedures.

Breast Imaging With Positron Emission Tomography and Fluorine-18 Fluorodeoxyglucose: Use and Limitations

2000 ◽  
Vol 18 (20) ◽  
pp. 3495-3502 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Avril ◽  
C.A. Rosé ◽  
M. Schelling ◽  
J. Dose ◽  
W. Kuhn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Positive Predictive Value ◽  
Metabolic Activity ◽  
Pet Imaging ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Breast Carcinomas ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
High Positive Predictive Value ◽  
Fluorine 18 Fluorodeoxyglucose

PURPOSE: To evaluate the diagnostic value of positron emission tomography (PET) using fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) for the diagnosis of primary breast cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Preoperatively, 144 patients with masses suggestive of breast cancer underwent PET imaging of the breast. To identify breast cancer by increased metabolic activity, parametric FDG-PET images were analyzed for increased tracer uptake applying conventional image reading (CIR) and sensitive image reading (SIR). One hundred eighty-five breast tumors were evaluated by histology, revealing 132 breast carcinomas and 53 benign masses. RESULTS: Breast carcinomas were identified with an overall sensitivity of 64.4% (CIR) and 80.3% (SIR). The increase in sensitivity (SIR) resulted in a noticeable decrease in specificity, from 94.3% (CIR) to 75.5% (SIR). At stage pT1, only 30 (68.2%) of 44 breast carcinomas were detected, compared with 57 (91.9%) of 62 at stage pT2. A higher percentage of invasive lobular carcinomas were false-negative (65.2%) compared with invasive ductal carcinomas (23.7%). Nevertheless, positive PET scans provided a high positive-predictive value (96.6%) for breast cancer. CONCLUSION: Partial volume effects and varying metabolic activity (dependent on tumor type) seem to represent the most significant limitations for the routine diagnostic application of PET. The number of invasive procedures is therefore unlikely to be significantly reduced by PET imaging in patients presenting with abnormal mammography. However, the high positive-predictive value, resulting from the increased metabolic activity of malignant tissue, may be used with carefully selected subsets of patients as well as to determine the extent of disease or to assess therapy response.

Histamine H1 receptors in schizophrenic patients measured by positron emission tomography

2005 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kentaro Iwabuchi ◽  
Chihiro Ito ◽  
Manabu Tashiro ◽  
Motohisa Kato ◽  
Michiko Kano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Histamine H1 Receptors
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document