Correlates of Positive and Negative Schizophrenic Syndromes in Nigerian Patients

1989 ◽  
Vol 155 (5) ◽  
pp. 628-632 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Gureje
Keyword(s):  
Educational Achievement ◽  
Type I ◽  
Cultural Backgrounds ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Eye Dominance ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Deficits ◽  
Psychometric Measures ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Behavioural Deterioration ◽  
Negative Syndrome

The two-syndrome concept of schizophrenia was investigated in a sample of 70 Nigerian schizophrenic patients. The positive and negative syndromes were studied in relation to demographic, historical, neurological and psychometric measures. The negative syndrome was associated with cognitive impairment, behavioural deterioration and left eye dominance, and also with poor pre-morbid educational achievement and longer length of current stay in hospital. The positive syndrome was unrelated to any of the independent variables. The two syndromes were not significantly related, supporting the view that they represent relatively independent dimensions of pathology. This provides further support for the validity of the Type I–Type II subtyping of schizophrenia in populations of patients from different cultural backgrounds, and suggests that the negative syndrome is related to the presence of neurodevelopmental deficits that possibly antedate the schizophrenic illness.

Correlates of Positive and Negative Schizophrenic Syndromes in Nigerian Patients

1989 ◽  
Vol 155 (05) ◽  
pp. 628-632 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Gureje
Keyword(s):  
Educational Achievement ◽  
Type I ◽  
Cultural Backgrounds ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Eye Dominance ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Deficits ◽  
Psychometric Measures ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Behavioural Deterioration ◽  
Negative Syndrome

The two-syndrome concept of schizophrenia was investigated in a sample of 70 Nigerian schizophrenic patients. The positive and negative syndromes were studied in relation to demographic, historical, neurological and psychometric measures. The negative syndrome was associated with cognitive impairment, behavioural deterioration and left eye dominance, and also with poor pre-morbid educational achievement and longer length of current stay in hospital. The positive syndrome was unrelated to any of the independent variables. The two syndromes were not significantly related, supporting the view that they represent relatively independent dimensions of pathology. This provides further support for the validity of the Type I–Type II subtyping of schizophrenia in populations of patients from different cultural backgrounds, and suggests that the negative syndrome is related to the presence of neurodevelopmental deficits that possibly antedate the schizophrenic illness.

Significance of Positive and Negative Syndromes in Chronic Schizophrenia

1986 ◽  
Vol 149 (4) ◽  
pp. 439-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. R. Kay ◽  
L. A. Opler ◽  
A. Fiszbein
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Chronic Schizophrenia ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
General Psychopathology ◽  
Developmental Impairment ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
History Of ◽  
Patient Stay ◽  
Negative Syndrome

Positive and negative syndromes were studied in relation to demographic, historical, genealogical, clinical, psychometric, extrapyramidal, and follow-up measures of 101 chronic schizophrenic patients. The criterion scales proved to be reliable, normally distributed, and strongly correlated with general psychopathology, but otherwise inversely related to one another. Multiple regression analysis identified sets of 4–6 independent variables that explained 74%-81 % of the scales' variance. A positive syndrome was associated chiefly with productive features, family history of sociopathy, more previous hospital admissions, and longer in-patient stay during the 30-month follow-up period. A negative syndrome correlated with deficits in cognitive, affective, social, and motor spheres, higher incidence of major psychiatric illness but less affective disorder among relatives, lower education, and greater cognitive developmental impairment. The results underscore the importance of genetic and biodevelopmental variables for understanding schizophrenic syndromes.

Sinistrality in subtypes of schizophrenia

2002 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 272-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonia Dollfus ◽  
Jacqueline A. Buijsrogge ◽  
Karim Benali ◽  
Pascal Delamillieure ◽  
Perrine Brazo
Keyword(s):  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Language Disorders ◽  
Normal Process ◽  
Deficit Syndrome ◽  
Syndrome Scale ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Dsm Iv ◽  
Negative Syndrome ◽  
Hemisphere Specialization

SummarySinistrality, characterized by an excess of non-right-handedness, has been reported in schizophrenic patients, but the findings are controversial.Aim.As sinistrality could be linked to a failure of hemisphere specialization in schizophrenia that would translate into language disorders, sinistrality was found out in disorganized and positive schizophrenic patients characterized by language disorders.Methods.Seventy-three schizophrenic patients (DSM IV) and 81 controls were evaluated with the Edinburgh Handedness Inventory (EHI). Patients were evaluated and classified into five subtypes (deficit, positive, disorganized, mixed and residual) with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale and the Schedule for the Deficit Syndrome.Results.Disorganized patients had a significantly more severe sinistrality in comparison to the deficit, residual and mixed subtypes and controls. A negative correlation was found between the disorganization and the EHI scores (r = – 0.34; P < 0.01). A significantly more severe sinistrality was also observed in the positive subtype in comparison to controls, but there was no correlation between hallucinatory and EHI scores (r = 0.06).Conclusion.The findings provided further evidence that the defects in the normal process of lateralization observed in schizophrenia affects primarily disorganized patients.

Neuropsychological correlates of schizophrenic syndromes in patients treated with atypical neuroleptics

2001 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 354-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Moritz ◽  
B. Andresen ◽  
D. Jacobsen ◽  
K. Mersmann ◽  
U. Wilke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Verbal Fluency ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Digit Span ◽  
Atypical Neuroleptics ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Trail Making ◽  
Neurocognitive Dysfunctions ◽  
Neurocognitive Tasks ◽  
Negative Syndrome ◽  
Typical Neuroleptics

SummaryThere is widespread evidence that schizophrenic symptomatology is best represented by three syndromes (positive, negative, disorganized). Both the disorganized and negative syndrome have been found to correlate with several neurocognitive dysfunctions. However, previous studies investigated samples predominantly treated with typical neuroleptics, which frequently induce parkinsonian symptoms that are hard to disentangle from primary negative symptoms and may have inflated correlations with neurocognition. A newly developed psychopathological instrument called the Positive and Negative and Disorganized Symptoms Scale (PANADSS) was evaluated in 60 schizophrenic patients. Forty-seven participants treated with atypical neuroleptics performed several neurocognitive tasks.A three-factor solution of schizophrenic symptomatology emerged. Negative symptomatology was associated with diminished creative verbal fluency and digit span backward, whereas disorganization was significantly correlated with impaired Stroop, WCST and Trail-Making Test B performance.Data suggest that disorganization is associated with tasks that demand executive functioning. Previous findings reporting correlations between negative symptomatology and neurocognition may have been confounded by the adverse consequences of typical neuroleptics.

scholarly journals Associations of living arrangements with symptoms and functioning in schizophrenia

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mei San Ang ◽  
Gurpreet Rekhi ◽  
Jimmy Lee
Keyword(s):  
Living Arrangements ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Family Education ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Syndrome Scale ◽  
The Social ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
Symptomatic Remission ◽  
Negative Syndrome ◽  
Conducive Environment

Abstract Background Living arrangements and accommodation are closely related, but no study had concurrently investigated their associations with outcomes in schizophrenia. This study seeks to describe and compare socio-demographic, clinical and functioning profiles of people with schizophrenia in different living arrangements and accommodation, and to examine the associations of living arrangements and accommodation with symptomatic remission and functioning. Methods Community dwelling outpatients with schizophrenia (n = 276) were inquired on living arrangements, accommodation, socio-demographics and assessed on the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and the Social and Occupational Functioning Scale (SOFAS). Socio-demographics, symptoms and functioning of outpatients in different living arrangements and accommodation were compared. Symptomatic remission was investigated using logistic regression with living arrangements, socio-demographics and clinical variables as independent variables. Functioning was investigated using multiple regression with the same set of independent variables and the addition of PANSS factors. The same analyses were conducted with accommodation as independent variable. Results 185 (67.03%) participants lived with family and 195 (70.65%) participants lived in owned accommodation. People living with their spouses had significantly higher SOFAS, lower PANSS Total and PANSS Positive than people living with family, independently, or in rehabilitation centres. They also had lower PANSS Negative than people living with family and a higher likelihood to have achieved symptomatic remission. Types of accommodation was not associated with symptoms, symptomatic remission, and functioning. Conclusion Living arrangements, but not types of accommodation, were associated with symptoms and functioning in schizophrenia. Family education and support is important to help maintain a conducive environment for people with schizophrenia. People living independently may need more support.

Blonanserin augmentation in patients with schizophrenia – who is benefited from blonanserin augmentation?: An open-label, prospective, multicenter study

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. s226-s226
Author(s):  
Y.S. Woo ◽  
J.E. Park ◽  
D.H. Kim ◽  
I.K. Sohn ◽  
T.Y. Hwang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multicenter Study ◽  
Atypical Antipsychotics ◽  
Therapeutic Strategy ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Prospective Multicenter Study ◽  
Syndrome Scale ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
Negative Syndrome

IntroductionEvidences for antipsychotics augmentation for schizophrenic patients with suboptimal efficacy have been lacking although it has been widespread therapeutic strategy in clinical practice.ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and tolerability of blonanserin augmentation with an atypical antipsychotics (AAPs) in schizophrenic patients.MethodsA total of 100 patients with schizophrenia partially or completely unresponsive to treatment with an AAP recruited in this 12-week, open-label, non-comparative, multicenter study. Blonanserin was added to existing AAPs which were maintained during the study period. Efficacy was primarily evaluated using Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) at baseline, week 2, 4, 8, and 12. Predictors for PANSS response (≥ 20% reduction) was investigated.ResultsThe PANSS total score was significantly decreased at 12 weeks after blonanserin augmentation (–21.0 ± 18.1, F = 105.849, P < 0.001). Response rate on PANSS at week 12 was 51.0%. Premature discontinuation was occurred in 17 patients (17.0%) and 4 patients among them discontinued the study due to adverse events. Nine patients experienced significant weight gain during the study. Response to blonanserin augmentation was associated with severe (PANSS > 85) baseline symptom (OR = 10.298, P = 0.007) and higher dose (> 600 mg/day of chlorpromazine equivalent dose) of existing AAPs (OR = 4.594, P = 0.014).ConclusionsBlonanserin augmentation improved psychiatric symptoms of schizophrenic patients in cases of partial or non-responsive to an AAP treatment with favorable tolerability. Patients with severe symptom despite treatment with higher dose of AAP were benefited from this augmentation. These results suggested that blonanserin augmentation could be an effective strategy for specific patients with schizophrenia.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Screening for Human T-cell Lymphotrophic Virus type-I (HTLV-I) infection in high risk schizophrenic patients

1997 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 211-215
Author(s):  
Yoram Barak ◽  
Anat Achiron ◽  
Avner Elizur ◽  
Henry Szor ◽  
Batya Shohat
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Type I ◽  
Human T Cell ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients

A forced five-dimensional factor analysis and concurrent validity of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale in Mexican schizophrenic patients

2005 ◽  
Vol 72 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 123-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Fresán ◽  
C. De la Fuente-Sandoval ◽  
C. Loyzaga ◽  
M. Garcı́a-Anaya ◽  
N. Meyenberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Concurrent Validity ◽  
Syndrome Scale ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Negative Syndrome

scholarly journals The Association between Negative and Dysexecutive Syndromes in Schizophrenia: A Cross-Cultural Study

2003 ◽  
Vol 14 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 63-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Ihara ◽  
G. E. Berrios ◽  
P. J. McKenna
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Neuropsychological Tests ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Dysexecutive Syndrome ◽  
Cross Cultural Study ◽  
Behavioural Assessment ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Executive Deficits ◽  
Negative Syndrome ◽  
The Relationship

This paper examined the relationship between the ‘negative syndrome’ (NS) and the neuropsychological ‘dysexecutive syndrome’ (DES) in schizophrenia. The study also examined whether any relationship that exists between the NS and the DES holds equally for British and Japanese subjects. We compared 26 Japanese with 17 British schizophrenic patients, divided into ‘mild’ and ‘severe’ NS groups, on the basis of performance on neuropsychological tests, including the ‘Behavioural Assessment of Dysexecutive Syndrome’ (BADS). We found that patients with severe NS showed more everyday executive deficits than those with mild NS. The severity of NS was correlated with executive competence. The association between NS and the BADS performance was closer than that between NS and other conventional executive measures. These findings were not influenced by cultural differences between Japanese and British subjects, and, hence, suggested the existence of culture-neutral neurobehavioural processes.

PUPILS' EXPERIENCES OF SCHOOL AND FAMILY LIFE. A COMPARISON BETWEEN ESTONIA AND RUSSIA

1997 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 201-209
Author(s):  
Egil Andersson
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Family Life ◽  
Living Conditions ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Cultural Backgrounds ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
The Soviet Union

In spite of common regime under the Soviet Union, Russia and Estonia have different traditions and cultural backgrounds, which may influence the parents' upbringing of the children.The focus of this study is teenagers' perception of their upbringing and the perceived demands on them from adults as well as from peers. In total 1.040 pupils, ranging in age from 12 to 14, took part. Of these, 548 were from Estonia and 492 from Russia. The pupils answered a questionnaire including questions about interests, parents' demands, schoolwork and social relations with their families and with their peers. Factor analyses of data were made separately for the two countries as well as for the whole study and the pupils' answers in Estonia and Russia were compared, with country and sex as independent variables. Some of the results indicate cultural differences as well as differences in external living conditions.

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