Neural Substrates of Violent Behaviour a Preliminary Study with Positron Emission Tomography

1987 ◽  
Vol 151 (5) ◽  
pp. 668-673 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nora D. Volkow ◽  
Laurence Tancredi
Keyword(s):  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Neural Substrates ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Cortical Atrophy ◽  
Violent Behaviour ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
History Of ◽  
Pet Scans

Brain function was evaluated in four psychiatric patients with a history of repetitive purposeless violent behaviour, using EEG, CT scan, and positron emission tomography (PET). Three patients showed spiking activity in left temporal regions, and two showed CT scan abnormalities characterised by generalised cortical atrophy. The PET scans for the four cases showed evidence of blood flow and metabolic abnormalities in the left temporal lobe. Two patients also had derangement in the frontal cortex. The patients showing the largest defects with the PET scans were those whose CT scans were reported as normal. This paper shows the utility of PET in investigating possible brain derangements that could lead to violent behaviour.

scholarly journals Additive value of positron emission tomography/computed tomography scan for detection of aortic tube graft infection: a case report

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farnoosh Larti ◽  
Mohammad Amin Khadembashiri ◽  
Mehrshad Abbasi ◽  
Alborz Sherafati
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Graft Infection ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
History Of ◽  
Pet Ct Scan

Abstract Background Diagnosis of aortic graft infection is challenging, and delayed diagnosis is associated with poor prognosis. Positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) has improved diagnostic accuracy. Case summary A patient with a history of congenital heart disease was admitted due to fever. He had a history of four cardiac surgeries, including the Bentall procedure for endocarditis. Blood cultures were negative. A semi-mobile mass was detected in the distal portion of the aortic tube graft in echocardiography. PET/CT scan was used to confirm tube graft infection and to support proceeding to cardiac surgery. Discussion Using multimodality imaging, including PET/CT scan in combination with echocardiography, can improve diagnostic accuracy for the detection of aortic tube graft infection, infection of prosthetic valves, or intra-cardiac devices, especially in high-risk surgical cases.

scholarly journals Incidentalomas of the prostate detected by 18-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Miles P. Mannas ◽  
Taeweon Lee ◽  
Maral Pourghiasian ◽  
Don Wilson ◽  
Peter C. Black
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Fdg Pet ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
History Of ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Pet Scans

Introduction: Prostate incidentalomas are prostatic lesions suspicious for cancer discovered by imaging patients without a known history of prostatic cancer (CaP) for other reasons. 18-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG PET) is used to diagnose, stage and assess response to treatment for numerous cancers, but it is not routinely used for CaP. We aimed to determine the rate of detection of prostate incidentalomas in patients undergoing FDG PET and to evaluate the natural history of these lesions. Methods: A retrospective review was conducted of all FDG PET scans performed between 2005 and 2017 at a single institution. Patients were selected who had prostatic uptake without a history of prostate cancer. Clinical data were collected from electronic medical records to determine how the prostate incidentalomas were further evaluated and define the rate of malignancy. Results: A prostate incidentaloma was identified in 309 (1.0%) of 31 019 FDG PET scans performed on men. A prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test was obtained in 40.1% of patients within six months of prostate incidentaloma detection. Six patients underwent a multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the prostate, which identified CaP in one case. Overall, CaP was diagnosed in 33 cases, representing 10.7% of the prostate incidentalomas and 0.1% of the scanned patients. CaP was intermediate- or high-risk in 27 (8.7%) of the prostate incidentalomas. Conclusions: Incidental lesions detected in the prostate by FDG PET may represent clinically significant CaP. Referral to a urologist for further evaluation should be considered if the patient is otherwise in reasonable health.

scholarly journals Approaching Complete Inhibition of P-Glycoprotein at the Human Blood–Brain Barrier: An (R)-[11C]Verapamil PET Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 743-746 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Bauer ◽  
Rudolf Karch ◽  
Markus Zeitlinger ◽  
Cécile Philippe ◽  
Kerstin Römermann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Blood Brain Barrier ◽  
Distribution Volume ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Brain Barrier ◽  
Whole Brain ◽  
P Glycoprotein ◽  
Blood Brain ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Pet Scans

As P-glycoprotein (Pgp) inhibition at the blood–brain barrier (BBB) after administration of a single dose of tariquidar is transient, we performed positron emission tomography (PET) scans with the Pgp substrate ( R)-[11C]verapamil in five healthy volunteers during continuous intravenous tariquidar infusion. Total distribution volume ( VT) of ( R)-[11C]verapamil in whole-brain gray matter increased by 273 ± 78% relative to baseline scans without tariquidar, which was higher than previously reported VT increases. During tariquidar infusion whole-brain VT was comparable to VT in the pituitary gland, a region not protected by the BBB, which suggested that we were approaching complete Pgp inhibition at the human BBB.

18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography is useful for the diagnosis of intraocular sarcoidosis in patients with a normal CT scan

2019 ◽  
Vol 103 (11) ◽  
pp. 1650-1655 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Chauvelot ◽  
Andrea Skanjeti ◽  
Yvan Jamilloux ◽  
Audrey de Parisot ◽  
Christiane Broussolle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Predictive Factors ◽  
Fdg Pet ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Fdg Pet Ct ◽  
Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission

AimTo assess the usefulness of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) and the predictive factors for the diagnosis of sarcoidosis in patients with uveitis who have normal thoracic tomography.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed 67 consecutive patients with uveitis of unknown aetiology or a suspected sarcoidosis. All patients with normal thoracic tomography underwent an 18F-FDG PET/CT, which was blindly reinterpreted. We then assessed the proportion of positive 18F-FDG PET/CT and the impact on the final aetiology, using Abad’s criteria for the diagnosis of intraocular sarcoidosis.Results19 of the 67 patients (28.4%) had mediastinal hypermetabolic foci on their 18F-FDG PET/CT consistent with sarcoidosis. It identified a biopsy site in two cases, which were consistent with sarcoidosis. At the end of the study, six patients (10%) had a proven sarcoidosis, six patients (9%) were considered as having a presumed sarcoidosis and 18 patients (26.9%) as having indeterminate sarcoidosis. 18F-FDG PET/CT enabled the diagnosis of presumed sarcoidosis in these six patients. An older age at diagnosis (p=0.004) and the presence of synechiae (p=0.02) were significantly related to an abnormal 18F-FDG PET/CT, with a trend for an elevated ACE (p=0.0993). We established a nomogram to estimate the probability of having positive findings on the 18F-FDG PET/CT according to different predictive factors.Conclusion18F-FDG PET/CT enabled the diagnosis of intraocular sarcoidosis even in patients with a normal CT scan. Older age at diagnosis, presence of synechiae and elevated ACE are associated with positive findings on 18F-FDG PET/CT consistent with sarcoidosis.

Measurement of brain tissue oxygenation performed using positron emission tomography scanning to validate a novel monitoring method

2002 ◽  
Vol 96 (2) ◽  
pp. 263-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arun K. Gupta ◽  
Peter J. Hutchinson ◽  
Tim Fryer ◽  
Pippa G. Al-Rawi ◽  
Dot A. Parry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Tissue ◽  
Tissue Oxygenation ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Brain Tissue Oxygenation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Pet Scans ◽  
Fine Print

Object. The benefits of measuring cerebral oxygenation in patients with brain injury are well accepted; however, jugular bulb oximetry, which is currently the most popular monitoring technique used has several shortcomings. The goal of this study was to validate the use of a new multiparameter sensor that measures brain tissue oxygenation and metabolism (Neurotrend) by comparing it with positron emission tomography (PET) scanning. Methods. A Neurotrend sensor was inserted into the frontal region of the brain in 19 patients admitted to the neurointensive care unit. After a period of stabilization, the patients were transferred to the PET scanner suite where C15O, 15O2, and H215O PET scans were obtained to facilitate calculation of regional cerebral blood volume, O2 metabolism, blood flow, and O2 extraction fraction (OEF). Patients were given hyperventilation therapy to decrease arterial CO2 by approximately 1 kPa (7.5 mm Hg) and the same sequence of PET scans was repeated. For each scanning sequence, end-capillary O2 tension (PvO2) was calculated from the OEF and compared with the reading of brain tissue O2 pressure (PbO2) provided by the sensor. In three patients the sensor was inserted into areas of contusion and these patients were eliminated from the analysis. In the subset of 16 patients in whom the sensor was placed in healthy brain, no correlation was found between the absolute values of PbO2 and PvO2 (r = 0.2, p = 0.29); however a significant correlation was obtained between the change in PbO2 (ΔPbO2) and the change in PvO2 (ΔPvO2) produced by hyperventilation in a 20-mm region of interest around the sensor (ρ = 0.78, p = 0.0035). Conclusions. The lack of correlation between the absolute values of PbO2 and PvO2 indicates that PbO2 cannot be used as a substitute for PvO2. Nevertheless, the positive correlation between ΔPbO2 and ΔPvO2 when the sensor had been inserted into healthy brain suggests that tissue PO2 monitoring may provide a useful tool to assess the effect of therapeutic interventions in brain injury.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document