Selective Decreases in MAO-B Activity in Post-Mortem Brains from Schizophrenic Patients with Type II Syndrome

1987 ◽  
Vol 151 (4) ◽  
pp. 514-519 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Owen ◽  
T. J. Crow ◽  
C. D. Frith ◽  
J. A. Johnson ◽  
E. C. Johnstone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Neuroleptic Medication ◽  
Mao B ◽  
Neurochemical Change ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Glial Function ◽  
Enzyme Monoamine Oxidase

The activities of the A and B forms of the enzyme monoamine oxidase (MAO, E.C. 1.4.3.4) have been assessed with the substrates 5-hydroxytryptamine and benzylamine respectively in seven areas of the brains of 39 patients with schizophrenia and 44 control subjects. Whereas previous studies have found the enzyme unchanged in brain in schizophrenia, in this study there was a modest but significant decrease in the activity of MAO-B in frontal and temporal cortices and in amygdala. This decrease could not be accounted for by neuroleptic medication, age, sex or post-mortem variables. In a series of 22 patients who had been assessed in life, the reduction in MAO-B activity was found to be associated specifically with the presence of negative symptoms (flattening of affect and paucity of speech). The findings are therefore consistent with other evidence for structural and neurochemical change in the temporal lobe that have been associated with the type II (defect state) syndrome of schizophrenia. The change in enzyme activity is unlikely to be related to a change in monoamine metabolism but may reflect a disturbance in glial function. The change in MAO-B activity in brain in this study is confined to particular areas of brain and a subgroup of patients; it is thought to be entirely unrelated to earlier reports of reductions of enzyme activity in platelets, which are probably attributable to prolonged neuroleptic medication.

Tardive Dyskinesia and Type II Schizophrenia

1992 ◽  
Vol 160 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth J. B. Davis ◽  
Milind Borde ◽  
L. N. Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Chronic Schizophrenia ◽  
Thought Disorder ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Positive Symptoms ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Formal Thought Disorder ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Male Patients

Cognitive impairment, negative and positive symptoms, primitive release reflexes, and age/temporal disorientation were assessed in 20 male patients meeting the DSM–III–R criteria for chronic schizophrenia and Schooler & Kane's criteria for TD. The control group comprised 20 age-matched male chronic schizophrenic patients without TD. Significant associations were found between TD, cognitive impairment, some negative symptoms, and formal thought disorder. These associations were independent of other illness and treatment variables. The severity of TD correlated significantly with that of cognitive impairment.

The positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia reflect impairments in the perception and initiation of action

1987 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 631-648 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. D. Frith
Keyword(s):  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Positive Symptoms ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Chronic Patients ◽  
External Stimulation ◽  
Frontal Lobe Lesions ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
External Stimuli ◽  
Positive And Negative Symptoms

SynopsisThe CNS maintains a fundamental distinction between actions elicited by external stimuli and actions elicited by internal goals (acts of will). As a result the intact organism can monitor centrally three aspects of its own actions: (1) the action appropriate to current external stimulation (stimulus intention or meaning); (2) the action appropriate to current goals (willed intention); and (3) the action which was actually selected (corollary discharge). In Type I (acute) schizophrenic patients, intentions of will lead to actions, but these willed intentions are not monitored correctly. This apparent discrepancy between will and action gives rise to experiential (1st rank) positive symptoms (e.g. delusions of control and passivity). In Type II (chronic) patients, intentions of will are no longer properly formed and so actions are rarely elicited via this route. This gives rise to behavioural negative signs (e.g. poverty of speech).The behaviour of Type II schizophrenics has surface similarities to that shown by patients with Parkinson's disease and patients with frontal lobe lesions in that all three types of patient show a relative deficit of actions elicited by willed intentions. Dopamine blocking drugs reduce positive symptoms in Type I patients precisely because they induce Parkinsonism, i.e. reduce the likelihood of actions being initiated by willed intentions. This in turn reduces the likelihood that actions will occur for which the patient had no awareness of his intention to act.

Age and Negative Symptoms on Memory of Geriatric Schizophrenic Patients

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabrina D. O'Kennon ◽  
Josh McGuire ◽  
Kerry Hubel ◽  
Katy Lonergan ◽  
Rowena G. Gomez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients

The effect of Zotepine on productive and negative symptoms in schizophrenic patients

1988 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-130
Author(s):  
D.M. Dieterle ◽  
M. Ackenheil ◽  
H.P. Kapfhammer ◽  
F. Müller-Spahn
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Antipsychotic Efficacy ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Low Dosage ◽  
Motor Disturbances

RésuméZotepine was studied in 15 schizophrenic patients over a period of 28 days with regard to its antipsychotic efficacy, effect on negative schizophrenic symptoms, tolerability and adverse effects. Nine patients received Zotepine in a high dosage of 230 mg/die±52 mg, 6 patients in a low dosage of 168 mg/die ± 18 mg. Two patients receiving the high dosage dropped out after 21 days because of worsening of symptomatology and suicide attempts. Zotepine had rapid antipsychotic effects with sedative properties during the initial days of treatment. Minimal adverse effects and extra-pyramidal motor disturbances as well as dose-dependent positive effects on negative schizophrenie symptoms were found.

scholarly journals The Associations between COMT and MAO-B Genetic Variants with Negative Symptoms in Patients with Schizophrenia

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 618-636
Author(s):  
Zoran Madzarac ◽  
Lucija Tudor ◽  
Marina Sagud ◽  
Gordana Nedic Erjavec ◽  
Alma Mihaljevic Peles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variants ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Type B ◽  
Social Anhedonia ◽  
Mao B ◽  
Comt Activity ◽  
Striatal Dopamine Release ◽  
Heavy Burden ◽  
Specific Increase ◽  
Male Patients

Negative symptoms of schizophrenia, including anhedonia, represent a heavy burden on patients and their relatives. These symptoms are associated with cortical hypodopamynergia and impaired striatal dopamine release in response to reward stimuli. Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) and monoamine oxidase type B (MAO-B) degrade dopamine and affect its neurotransmission. The study determined the association between COMT rs4680 and rs4818, MAO-B rs1799836 and rs6651806 polymorphisms, the severity of negative symptoms, and physical and social anhedonia in schizophrenia. Sex-dependent associations were detected in a research sample of 302 patients with schizophrenia. In female patients with schizophrenia, the presence of the G allele or GG genotype of COMT rs4680 and rs4818, as well as GG haplotype rs4818-rs4680, which were all related to higher COMT activity, was associated with an increase in several dimensions of negative symptoms and anhedonia. In male patients with schizophrenia, carriers of the MAO-B rs1799836 A allele, presumably associated with higher MAO-B activity, had a higher severity of alogia, while carriers of the A allele of the MAO-B rs6651806 had a higher severity of negative symptoms. These findings suggest that higher dopamine degradation, associated with COMT and MAO-B genetic variants, is associated with a sex-specific increase in the severity of negative symptoms in schizophrenia patients.

Negative symptoms and functioning in institutionalized versus outpatient schizophrenic patients

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eman Ibrahim Abo El Ella ◽  
Nivert Zaki Hashim ◽  
Mahmoud Mamdouh Elhabiby ◽  
Sherien A. Khalil ◽  
Iman Shorab ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients

Neuropsychological correlates of schizophrenic syndromes in patients treated with atypical neuroleptics

2001 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 354-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Moritz ◽  
B. Andresen ◽  
D. Jacobsen ◽  
K. Mersmann ◽  
U. Wilke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Verbal Fluency ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Digit Span ◽  
Atypical Neuroleptics ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Trail Making ◽  
Neurocognitive Dysfunctions ◽  
Neurocognitive Tasks ◽  
Negative Syndrome ◽  
Typical Neuroleptics

SummaryThere is widespread evidence that schizophrenic symptomatology is best represented by three syndromes (positive, negative, disorganized). Both the disorganized and negative syndrome have been found to correlate with several neurocognitive dysfunctions. However, previous studies investigated samples predominantly treated with typical neuroleptics, which frequently induce parkinsonian symptoms that are hard to disentangle from primary negative symptoms and may have inflated correlations with neurocognition. A newly developed psychopathological instrument called the Positive and Negative and Disorganized Symptoms Scale (PANADSS) was evaluated in 60 schizophrenic patients. Forty-seven participants treated with atypical neuroleptics performed several neurocognitive tasks.A three-factor solution of schizophrenic symptomatology emerged. Negative symptomatology was associated with diminished creative verbal fluency and digit span backward, whereas disorganization was significantly correlated with impaired Stroop, WCST and Trail-Making Test B performance.Data suggest that disorganization is associated with tasks that demand executive functioning. Previous findings reporting correlations between negative symptomatology and neurocognition may have been confounded by the adverse consequences of typical neuroleptics.

75 – Neuroleptic medication affects global dimensionality of multichannel EEG in schizophrenic patients

2008 ◽  
Vol 98 ◽  
pp. 64
Author(s):  
T.P. Waltinger ◽  
D. Lehmann ◽  
P.L. Faber ◽  
T. Koenig ◽  
K. Kochi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neuroleptic Medication ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Multichannel Eeg
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document