Bulimia Nervosa

1987 ◽  
Vol 150 (6) ◽  
pp. 777-781 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Hubert Lacey ◽  
G. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Bulimia Nervosa ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Eating Behaviour ◽  
Breech Presentation ◽  
First Year ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Abnormal Eating ◽  
Normal Body Weight ◽  
The Impact

This study examines the impact of pregnancy on the reported eating behaviour of 20 untreated normal body weight bulimia nervosa women; it also reports foetal and obstetric abnormalities and indicates the initial eating habits of the infants. The prevalence of binge-eating and self-induced vomiting reduced sequentially during each trimester of pregnancy. By the third trimester 15 women (75%) had stopped all bulimic behaviour and in the remainder the disturbed eating was less severe. Symptoms tended to return in the Puerperium and in nearly half the sample abnormal eating was more disturbed after delivery than before conception. However, the improvement associated with the pregnancy described by seven patients was maintained and for five it appears to have been curative. The common fear among pregnant bulimics that their abnormal eating behaviour may damage their unborn child cannot be dispelled by this study; the incidence of foetal abnormality (including cleft palate and cleft lip), multiple pregnancies and obstetric complications (including breech presentation and surgical intervention) was high. The nutrition and development of the infants was good although three mothers (15%) reported slimming their babies down within the first year.

scholarly journals Nutrition Education in Portuguese Medical Students: Impact on the Attitudes and Knowledge

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 246
Author(s):  
Inês Barreiros Mota ◽  
Inês Castelo ◽  
Juliana Morais ◽  
Miguel Anjos ◽  
João Pedro Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Nutrition Education ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
First Year ◽  
Nutritional Knowledge ◽  
Eating Behaviours ◽  
Dietary Counselling ◽  
Future Clinical Practice ◽  
The Impact

Introduction: Nutrition has been underrepresented in the curriculum of many medical schools and therefore physicians do not feel adequately prepared to provide dietary counselling. The aim of the present study is to determine the impact of a Nutrition and Metabolism curricular unit on nutrition attitudes, knowledge and confidence on future clinical practice of medical students.Material and Methods: All the students enrolled in the curricular unit (2017/2018) were invited to complete a questionnaire assessing their nutritional knowledge and eating habits at the beginning and at the end of the semester (n = 310).Results: Initially, students reported good eating habits and nutrition knowledge. These aspects improved at the end of the study. Moreover, students reported that they felt more confident to do dietary counselling after intervention.Discussion: Most medical students answered affirmatively to all questions related with good habits or eating behaviours, and the acquisition of knowledge had an impact in specific attitudes. After the Nutrition and Metabolism classes the students felt able to provide dietary counselling in different clinical settings, but none of the students felt extremely confident about their competencies for dietary counselling. This can be due to the fact that the students involved were in the first year of the integrated master’s degree in medicine, which is a preclinical year, and thus distant from the medical reality and from contact with patients.Conclusion: Nutrition education can have a positive impact on attitudes and eating behaviours, knowledge and in the perception of competencies for dietary counselling.

scholarly journals Socio-demographic Factors and Eating Behaviors Among Nurses in A Teaching Hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (18) ◽  
Author(s):  
Norfidah Mohamad ◽  
Zamzaliza Abdul Mulud ◽  
Ira Nadhira Ruzli ◽  
Nur Ain Farhah Mohd Zainun Zaman
Keyword(s):  
Eating Behaviors ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Publishing House ◽  
Eating Behaviour ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Healthy Eating Habits ◽  
Abnormal Eating ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors

Nurses are known as shift workers. Shift work can disrupt regular meal habits resulting in abnormal eating behaviour. Hence, this study aims to determine the relationship between socio-demographic factors and eating behaviour. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 135 nurses using a self-administered questionnaire. This study found that the shift duties factor was significantly associated with emotional and external eating behaviour. This might be caused by how nurses cope with the burden of shift works. Health promotion strategies from both individuals and organisations should be intensified for these nurses to enhance healthy eating habits and promote healthy lifestyles.        Keywords: eating behaviour; shift duty; nurses eISSN: 2398-4287© 2021. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians/Africans/Arabians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v6i18.3071

scholarly journals The Role of “Mixed” Orexigenic and Anorexigenic Signals and Autoantibodies Reacting with Appetite-Regulating Neuropeptides and Peptides of the Adipose Tissue-Gut-Brain Axis: Relevance to Food Intake and Nutritional Status in Patients with Anorexia Nervosa and Bulimia Nervosa

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kvido Smitka ◽  
Hana Papezova ◽  
Karel Vondra ◽  
Martin Hill ◽  
Vojtech Hainer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Bulimia Nervosa ◽  
Eating Behavior ◽  
Peptide Yy ◽  
Abnormal Eating ◽  
Normal Body Weight ◽  
Circulating Autoantibodies ◽  
The Individual

Eating disorders such as anorexia (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN) are characterized by abnormal eating behavior. The essential aspect of AN is that the individual refuses to maintain a minimal normal body weight. The main features of BN are binge eating and inappropriate compensatory methods to prevent weight gain. The gut-brain-adipose tissue (AT) peptides and neutralizing autoantibodies play an important role in the regulation of eating behavior and growth hormone release. The mechanisms for controlling food intake involve an interplay between gut, brain, and AT. Parasympathetic, sympathetic, and serotoninergic systems are required for communication between brain satiety centre, gut, and AT. These neuronal circuits include neuropeptides ghrelin, neuropeptide Y (NPY), peptide YY (PYY), cholecystokinin (CCK), leptin, putative anorexigen obestatin, monoamines dopamine, norepinephrine (NE), serotonin, and neutralizing autoantibodies. This extensive and detailed report reviews data that demonstrate that hunger-satiety signals play an important role in the pathogenesis of eating disorders. Neuroendocrine dysregulations of the AT-gut-brain axis peptides and neutralizing autoantibodies may result in AN and BN. The circulating autoantibodies can be purified and used as pharmacological tools in AN and BN. Further research is required to investigate the orexigenic/anorexigenic synthetic analogs and monoclonal antibodies for potential treatment of eating disorders in clinical practice.

A Placebo-Controlled Trial of d-Fenfluramine in Bulimia Nervosa

1993 ◽  
Vol 162 (5) ◽  
pp. 597-603 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas A. Fahy ◽  
Ivan Eisler ◽  
Gerald F. M. Russell
Keyword(s):  
Bulimia Nervosa ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Eating Behaviour ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Carbohydrate Consumption ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Abnormal Eating ◽  
Food Diaries ◽  
Therapy Treatment

d-Fenfluramine is a 5-HT agonist which decreases food intake and excessive carbohydrate intake in humans. A placebo-controlled trial of d-fenfluramine (45 mg/day) was conducted in 43 patients with bulimia nervosa. The patients entered an eight-week trial of medication during which they also received cognitive-behavioural therapy. Treatment response was assessed using food diaries to record eating behaviour, and self-rating questionnaires to measure psychopathology. The drug trial, and a follow-up assessment after a further eight weeks, were completed by 39 patients. Abnormal eating behaviour and psychopathology improved significantly in both the d-fenfluramine and placebo groups during the treatment trial. The study failed to show that the addition of d-fenfluramine affords an advantage over brief psychotherapy alone. Although d-fenfluramine is effective in suppressing the overeating, excessive snacking, and excessive carbohydrate consumption which are frequently found in overweight or obese patients, this study suggests that the drug is not an effective treatment for bulimia nervosa.

scholarly journals Correction: The impact of a routine late third trimester growth scan on the incidence, diagnosis, and management of breech presentation in Oxfordshire, UK: A cohort study

PLoS Medicine ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. e1003613
Author(s):  
Ibtisam Salim ◽  
Eleonora Staines-Urias ◽  
Sam Mathewlynn ◽  
Lior Drukker ◽  
Manu Vatish ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Breech Presentation ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Diagnosis And Management ◽  
The Impact

Abnormal eating attitudes and behaviours in two ethnic groups from a female British urban population

1996 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 289-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Reiss
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
General Health Questionnaire ◽  
Eating Behaviour ◽  
Eating Attitudes ◽  
Minority Population ◽  
Ethnic Minority Population ◽  
African Caribbean ◽  
Abnormal Eating ◽  
The Difference

SynopsisAfrican-Caribbean (N = 136) and White British (N = 192) female family planning clinic attenders were administered the Bulimic Investigatory Test, Edinburgh (BITE) and the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28). A proportion of the participants were subsequently interviewed. The African-Caribbeans were found to have both significantly more disordered eating attitudes and a significantly higher level of abnormal eating behaviour than the White British. Although the African-Caribbean group had a significantly higher mean Body Mass Index this did not mediate the difference in levels of eating attitudes. When compared with the White British group more African-Caribbean women reported feelings of failure, guilt, abnormality and self-consciousness concerning their eating habits. The results indicate that eating problems may be highly prevalent in this ethnic minority population and suggest that there may be differences in the nature of eating disorder psychopathology between ethnic groups.

scholarly journals The impact of a routine late third trimester growth scan on the incidence, diagnosis, and management of breech presentation in Oxfordshire, UK: A cohort study

PLoS Medicine ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. e1003503
Author(s):  
Ibtisam Salim ◽  
Eleonora Staines-Urias ◽  
Sam Mathewlynn ◽  
Lior Drukker ◽  
Manu Vatish ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Breech Presentation ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
External Cephalic Version ◽  
Safe Procedure ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Breech Birth ◽  
The Impact

Background Breech presentation at term contributes significantly to cesarean section (CS) rates worldwide. External cephalic version (ECV) is a safe procedure that reduces term breech presentation and associated CS. A principal barrier to ECV is failure to diagnose breech presentation. Failure to diagnose breech presentation also leads to emergency CS or unplanned vaginal breech birth. Recent evidence suggests that undiagnosed breech might be eliminated using a third trimester scan. Our aim was to evaluate the impact of introducing a routine 36-week scan on the incidence of breech presentation and of undiagnosed breech presentation. Methods and findings We carried out a population-based cohort study of pregnant women in a single unit covering Oxfordshire, United Kingdom. All women delivering between 37+0 and 42+6 weeks gestational age, with a singleton, nonanomalous fetus over a 4-year period (01 October 2014 to 30 September 2018) were included. The mean maternal age was 31 years, mean BMI 26, 44% were nulliparous, and 21% were of non-white ethnicity. Comparisons between the 2 years before and after introduction of routine 36-week scan were made for 2 primary outcomes of (1) the incidence of breech presentation and (2) undiagnosed breech presentation. Secondary outcomes related to ECV, mode of birth, and perinatal outcomes. Relative risks (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) are reported. A total of 27,825 pregnancies were analysed (14,444 before and 13,381 after). A scan after 35+0 weeks was performed in 5,578 (38.6%) before, and 13,251 (99.0%) after (p < 0.001). The incidence of breech presentation at birth did not change significantly (2.6% and 2.7%) (RR 1.02; 95% CI 0.89, 1.18; p = 0.76). The rate of undiagnosed breech before labour reduced, from 22.3% to 4.7% (RR 0.21; 95% CI 0.12, 0.36; p < 0.001). Vaginal breech birth rates fell from 10.3% to 5.3% (RR 0.51; 95% CI 0.30, 0.87; p = 0.01); nonsignificant increases in elective CS rates and decreases in emergency CS rates for breech babies were seen. Neonatal outcomes were not significantly altered. Study limitations include insufficient numbers to detect serious adverse outcomes, that we cannot exclude secular changes over time which may have influenced our results, and that these findings are most applicable where a comprehensive ECV service exists. Conclusions In this study, a universal 36-week scan policy was associated with a reduction in the incidence but not elimination of undiagnosed term breech presentation. There was no reduction in the incidence of breech presentation at birth, despite a comprehensive ECV service.

The Need to Belong and the Relationship Between Loneliness and Health

2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 194-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Freda-Marie Hartung ◽  
Britta Renner
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Social Situation ◽  
First Year ◽  
Health State ◽  
Need To Belong ◽  
First Year University ◽  
Perceived Social Isolation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Humans are social animals; consequently, a lack of social ties affects individuals’ health negatively. However, the desire to belong differs between individuals, raising the question of whether individual differences in the need to belong moderate the impact of perceived social isolation on health. In the present study, 77 first-year university students rated their loneliness and health every 6 weeks for 18 weeks. Individual differences in the need to belong were found to moderate the relationship between loneliness and current health state. Specifically, lonely students with a high need to belong reported more days of illness than those with a low need to belong. In contrast, the strength of the need to belong had no effect on students who did not feel lonely. Thus, people who have a strong need to belong appear to suffer from loneliness and become ill more often, whereas people with a weak need to belong appear to stand loneliness better and are comparatively healthy. The study implies that social isolation does not impact all individuals identically; instead, the fit between the social situation and an individual’s need appears to be crucial for an individual’s functioning.

The impact of acute stress on the neural processing of food cues in bulimia nervosa: Replication in two samples.

2017 ◽  
Vol 126 (5) ◽  
pp. 540-551 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brittany Collins ◽  
Lauren Breithaupt ◽  
Jennifer E. McDowell ◽  
L. Stephen Miller ◽  
James Thompson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bulimia Nervosa ◽  
Acute Stress ◽  
Neural Processing ◽  
Food Cues ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
The Impact

INFLUENCE OF THE DIFFERENT SOIL PREPARATION METHODS ON THE PEA YIELD

2018 ◽  
pp. 16-20
Author(s):  
А. М. Grebennikov ◽  
А. S. Frid ◽  
V. P. Belobrov ◽  
V. А. Isaev ◽  
V. М. Garmashоv ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
First Year ◽  
Zero Tillage ◽  
Preparation Methods ◽  
Soil Preparation ◽  
Multifactor Analysis ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Central Chernozem

The article assesses the relationships between the morphological properties of agrochernozems and yield of peas on the plots, experience with different methods of basic treatment (moldboard plowing at the depth of 20 - 22, 25 - 27 and 14 - 16 cm, moldboard plowing to a depth of 14 - 16 cm, combined midwater moldboard, mid-water subsurface, surface to a depth of 6 - 8 cm and zero tillage) is inherent in V.V. Dokuchaev Research Institute of Agriculture of the Central Black Earth strip, in the fall of 2014. The research was conducted in 2015 - 2016, with the application of mineral fertilizers (N60Р60К60) and unfertilized background. The highest pea yields in the fertilized as the background, and without the use of fertilizers was observed in dumping plowing and especially in the variant with deep moldboard plowing, which creates in comparison with other ways of handling the best conditions for the growth and development of peas. The lowest yield of pea was obtained with zero processing. Apparently legalistic migrational-mizelial agrochernozems the Central Chernozem zone of minimum tillage in the cultivation of peas are not effective, what is evident already in the first year after the laying of experience with different basic treatments. As shown by the results of applying multifactor analysis of variance studied the mapping properties of the soil can have the same significant impact on the yield of agricultural crops, as options for the field experiments aimed at assessing the impact of various treatments on yield.

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