Characteristic Plasma Hormone Changes in Alzheimer's Disease

1987 ◽  
Vol 150 (5) ◽  
pp. 674-681 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. Christie ◽  
L. J. Whalley ◽  
J. Bennie ◽  
H. Dick ◽  
I. M. Blackburn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
High Plasma ◽  
Hormonal Changes ◽  
Alzheimer Type ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Alzheimer Type Dementia ◽  
Plasma Gh ◽  
And Control

A systematic endocrine investigation in dementia, depression and control subjects showed that plasma growth hormone (GH) was higher in the morning and plasma TSH concentrations were higher throughout the day in Alzheimer-type dementia (ATD) than in age-matched depressed patients (MDD), and plasma TSH concentrations were also higher throughout the day in female ATD compared with age-matched female control subjects. The increased plasma TSH concentrations could not be due to reduced negative feedback because plasma T3, T4 and rT3 were in the normal range. Plasma concentrations of oestrogen-stimulated neurophysin (ESN) were lower throughout the day in ATD compared with MDD and controls and lower in the morning compared with other dementias. The high plasma GH and TSH concentrations in ATD may reflect the reduced hypothalamic content of somatostatin in ATD, and the reduced concentrations of ESN may reflect reduced cholinergic activity in ATD prain. These selective hormonal changes provide a useful diagnostic test for Alzheimer's disease.

Decreased α-Synuclein Serum Levels in Patients with Lewy Body Dementia Compared to Alzheimer’s Disease Patients and Control Subjects

2011 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 413-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph Laske ◽  
Andreas J. Fallgatter ◽  
Elke Stransky ◽  
Katja Hagen ◽  
Daniela Berg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Lewy Body ◽  
Lewy Body Dementia ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
And Control

CSF Somatostatin in alzheimer's disease, depressed patients, and control subjects

1988 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 710-712 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth L. Davis ◽  
Michael Davidson ◽  
Ren-Kui Yang ◽  
Bonnie M. Davis ◽  
Larry J. Siever ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Depressed Patients ◽  
And Control

scholarly journals Impact of Plasma Donepezil Concentration on Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia in Patients with Alzheimer’s Disease

2021 ◽  
pp. 264-272
Author(s):  
Yoshiyuki Kagawa ◽  
Yoshiaki Yamamoto ◽  
Ayami Ueno ◽  
Kengo Inomata ◽  
Mayu Tezuka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
High Plasma ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
Laboratory Test Results ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass ◽  
Behavioral And Psychological Symptoms

<b><i>Background/Aims:</i></b> The behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) detract from the quality of life of not only dementia patients but also their family members and caregivers. Donepezil is used to treat Alzheimer’s disease and is metabolized via cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2D6 and CYP3A4/5. It is controversial whether donepezil improves or exacerbates BPSD. This study investigated the relationships among BPSD, the pharmacokinetics of donepezil including its metabolite, 6-O-desmethyl donepezil, genetic polymorphisms of CYPs and P-glycoprotein, and patient backgrounds in 52 patients with Alzheimer’s disease. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> BPSD were assessed using the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI), with scores ≥20 points defined as severe BPSD. Plasma donepezil and 6-O-desmethyl donepezil concentrations were measured using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Although significant relationships between NPI scores and plasma donepezil concentrations were not seen, none of the 15 patients (29%) with high plasma donepezil concentrations (≥60 ng/mL) developed severe BPSD. Polymorphisms of <i>CYP2D6</i>, <i>CYP3A5</i>, and <i>ABCB1</i> did not influence NPI scores. There were no significant relationships between NPI and patient background factors such as dosing regimen, concomitant use of other drugs, or laboratory test results. Two patients who underwent multiple blood samplings over 2 years showed an inverse correlation between plasma donepezil concentrations and NPI scores. <b><i>Discussion/Conclusions:</i></b> These results indicate that higher plasma concentrations of donepezil contribute to preventing or alleviating rather than developing or deteriorating BPSD.

Lack of Difference in Brain Hyperintensities Between Patients With Early Alzheimer's Disease and Control Subjects

1994 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 260-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Erkinjuntti ◽  
F. Gao ◽  
D. H. Lee ◽  
M. Eliasziw ◽  
H. Merskey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Early Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
And Control

scholarly journals Classification of patients with Alzheimer’s disease using the arterial pulse spectrum and a multilayer-perceptron analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shun-Ku Lin ◽  
Hsin Hsiu ◽  
Hsi-Sheng Chen ◽  
Chang-Jen Yang
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Multilayer Perceptron ◽  
Pathological Feature ◽  
Arterial Pulse ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Wave Measurements ◽  
Blood Pressure Waveform ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
And Control

AbstractCerebrovascular atherosclerosis has been identified as a prominent pathological feature of Alzheimer’s disease (AD); the link between vessel pathology and AD risk may also extend to extracranial arteries. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of using arterial pulse-wave measurements and multilayer perceptron (MLP) analysis in distinguishing between AD and control subjects. Radial blood pressure waveform (BPW) and finger photoplethysmography signals were measured noninvasively for 3 min in 87 AD patients and 74 control subjects. The 5-layer MLP algorithm employed evaluated the following 40 harmonic pulse indices: amplitude proportion and its coefficient of variation, and phase angle and its standard deviation. The BPW indices differed significantly between the AD patients (6247 pulses) and control subjects (6626 pulses). Significant intergroup differences were found between mild, moderate, and severe AD (defined by Mini-Mental-State-Examination scores). The hold-out test results indicated an accuracy of 82.86%, a specificity of 92.31%, and a 0.83 AUC of ROC curve when using the MLP-based classification between AD and Control. The identified differences can be partly attributed to AD-induced changes in vascular elastic properties. The present findings may be meaningful in facilitating the development of a noninvasive, rapid, inexpensive, and objective method for detecting and monitoring the AD status.

Expression patterns of ?-amyloid precursor protein (?-APP) in neural and nonneural human tissues from alzheimer's disease and control subjects

1991 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 686-693 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroyuki Arai ◽  
Virginia M.-Y. Lee ◽  
Meridith L. Messinger ◽  
Barry D. Greenberg ◽  
David E. Lowery ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Amyloid Precursor Protein ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Precursor Protein ◽  
Human Tissues ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
And Control
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