Body Size Estimation in Bulimia

1986 ◽  
Vol 149 (1) ◽  
pp. 98-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew M. Whitehouse ◽  
Christopher P. L. Freeman ◽  
Annette Annandale
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Image Method ◽  
Size Estimation ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Body Size Estimation ◽  
And Control ◽  
Television Image ◽  
Normal Controls

Body size estimation was studied in 22 patients with bulimia and 20 normal controls. Two methods of body size estimation were used, a distorting television image method (DTIM) and the image marking method (IMM). The subjects estimated body size of a dummy as well as their own body on the DTIM. When estimating body size on the DTIM the bulimics overestimated and the controls underestimated, there being a significant difference between the two groups. There was no difference between the groups when estimating the size of the dummy. On the IMM a significant difference was found between the bulimic and control groups, the bulimics overestimating body size and the controls being more accurate. Marked directional effects were found with the DTIM. The two methods of body size estimation are compared.

scholarly journals Variants in the 3′ End of SLC6A3 in Northwest Han Population with Parkinson’s

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Peiye Chang ◽  
Yongwang Fu ◽  
Ping Zhao ◽  
Chunmei Wang ◽  
Mingfang Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Allele Frequencies ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Han Population ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control ◽  
Normal Controls ◽  
Genotype And Allele Frequencies

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative disorders in neurology. It is possible that multifactorial and genetic factors are related to its pathogenesis. Recently, there have been reports of SLC6A3 genetic variants leading to PD. However, the role of 3′ end of SLC6A3 in PD is less studied in different ethnic groups. To explore the roles of 3′ end of SLC6A3 in PD development, 17 SNP sites in 3′ end of SLC6A3 were analyzed in 360 PD patients and 392 normal controls of Han population residing in northwest of China. The significant difference of gene type and allele frequencies between the PD and control groups was detected only in rs40184 (P = 0.013 and 0.004, respectively; odds ratio 2.529, 95% confidence interval 1.325–4.827). The genotype and allele frequencies of the other 16 SNP sites were not found to be different between the PD group and the control group. rs2550936, rs3776510, and rs429699 were selected to construct the haplotypes; no significant difference was found in a frequency of 5 haplotypes between the PD group and the control group. These results suggest that the SLC6A3 variant in rs40184 A allele may increase the risk of PD in northwest Han population and may be a biomarker of PD.

‘Demand Characteristics' in Body-Size Estimation in Anorexia Nervosa

1986 ◽  
Vol 149 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Proctor ◽  
Stephen Morley
Keyword(s):  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Body Size ◽  
Size Estimation ◽  
Demand Characteristics ◽  
Subsequent Trial ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Body Size Estimation ◽  
Normal Controls

We asked 24 patients with anorexia nervosa and 30 normal controls to estimate their body-size several times, each time using different instructions. The degree of over-estimation was found to vary predictably with the wording of the instructions. Informing the subject that she had made an error without specifying the direction of the error resulted in reduced over-estimation on a subsequent trial, for both anorexics and controls. ‘Internally directed’ instructions were associated with a greater degree of over-estimation than ‘external’ instructions in both groups, but particularly in anorexic subjects. Our results indicate the necessity of controlling the ‘demand characteristics' of such experiments.

Study on Dendritic Cells in Peripheral Blood of the Patients with Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia/Evans Syndromes.

Blood ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 110 (11) ◽  
pp. 3874-3874
Author(s):  
Zonghong Shao ◽  
Limin Xing ◽  
Huaquan Wang ◽  
Meifeng Tu ◽  
Rong Fu
Keyword(s):  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Hemolytic Anemia ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia ◽  
Costimulatory Molecules ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control ◽  
Normal Controls

Abstract Objective To study the alteration of the numbers and the subsets of DCs in perpheral blood of the patients with AIHA/Evans syndromes and also the costimulation molecules on the surface of DCs. Methods Labeled with three-color immune monoclonal antibodies, total DC, pDC and mDC in the peripheral blood (PB) of 14 cases with AIHA and 21 normal controls were detected by Facs. The expressions of CD80, CD86 andCD40 on DCs in the PB of 14 cases with AIHA/Evans syndomes and 6 normal controls were detected. Results The percentage of the total DCs in the PB (DC/PBMNC) of AIHA/Evans syndromes cases((11.41±3.91)%)was significantly higher than that of in the normal controls((1.95±0.66)%) (t=2.384, p=0.032).mDC in the PB of the AIHA/Evans syndromes patients ((10.29±3.90)%) was significantly higher than that of controls((1.26±0.46)%)(t=2.297, p=0.038). But pDC in the PB of AIHA/Evans cases((1.12±0.68)%)was not different from that of controls((0.68±0.23)%)(t=0.612, p=0.55). The proportion of pDC to DC in the PB of the patients((21.26±5.99)%)was significant lower than that of normal controls((40±3.14)%)(t=2.77, p=0.012). Whereas, the proportion of mDC to DC in the PB of the patients((75.93±6.79)%)was higher than that of normal controls((59.99±3.23)%)(t=2.77, p=0.012). mDC in the PB of normal controls((1.26±0.46)%) was not different from their pDC((0.68±0.23)%). mDC of the patient with AIHA/Evans cases((10.29±3.90)%) was higher than their pDC((1.12±0.68)%)(t=2.316, p=0.036). CD80, CD86 and CD40 expressions on DCs in PB of AIHA/Evans syndromes patients were (7.63±4.71)%, (13.55±4.57)% and (1.68±1.04)% respectively. Those of normal controls were (1.24±0.70)%, (3.21±1.55)% and (0.28±0.16)% respectively. There was a significant difference of the expression of CD86 between the patients and control groups (t=2.142, p=0.048). Conclusions DCs, particularly mDCs, in the PB of AIHA/Evans syndromes patients significantly increased. The patients with AIHA/Evans syndromes have more activated DCs in their PB, on which costimulatory molecules, mainly CD86 are over expressed.

Correlation Between CCND1 Gene Polymorphism and Genetic Susceptibility to Gastric Cancer in Chinese Population

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huiwen Pan ◽  
Xuyu Gu ◽  
Chen Zou ◽  
Keping Chen ◽  
Yu Fan
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Gene Polymorphism ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Ccnd1 Gene ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Normal Controls ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Objective: The relationship between Cyclin D1 gene (CCND1) rs9344 polymorphism and susceptibility to gastric cancer (GC) is investigated.Methods: In a case-control study, we selected 577 cases of GC from The People's Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University in China along with 678 normal controls. Blood DNA was extracted and PCR amplified, gene polymorphism was determined using Snapshot method.Results: Analysis reveals significant difference in smoking between GC and control groups (P=0.006), however, not on polymorphism (P＞0.05). Conclusion: Smoking is associated with gastric cancer, whereas CCND1 rs9344 polymorphism does not implicate susceptibility of gastric cancer.

Body Size Estimation in Anorexia Nervosa

1988 ◽  
Vol 153 (S2) ◽  
pp. 23-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew M. Whitehouse ◽  
Christopher P. L. Freeman ◽  
Annette Annandale
Keyword(s):  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Body Size ◽  
Body Part ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
Size Perception ◽  
Size Estimation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Body Size Perception ◽  
Body Size Estimation

Clinicians who deal with patients with anorexia nervosa are well acquainted with their patients' inability to recognise their emaciation. The patients' insistence that they are normal weight or even overweight, against clear evidence to the contrary, led Bruch (1962) to state that the misperception reaches “delusional proportions”. Studies of body size perception in anorexia nervosa that have used the ‘body part’ method have invariably found that the patients overestimate their body size (Slade & Russell, 1973; Crisp & Kalucy, 1974; Pierloot & Houben, 1978; Garner et al, 1976; Button et al, 1977; Fries, 1977; Casper et al, 1979) but the majority have not found any significant difference in size estimation between patients and controls (Slade, 1985).

Effects of Virgin Coconut Oil as Adjunct Therapy in the Treatment of Allergic Rhinitis

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Nazli Zainuddin ◽  
Nurul Azira Mohd Shah ◽  
Rosdan Salim
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Nasal Symptom ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Virgin Coconut Oil ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control

Introduction: The role of virgin coconut oil in the treatment of allergic rhinitis is controversial. Thus, the aim of the present study is to determine the effects of virgin coconut oil ingestion, in addition to standard medications, on allergic rhinitis. We also studied the side effects of consumption of virgin coconut oil. Methods: Fifty two subjects were equally divided into test and control groups. All subjects received a daily dose of 10mg of loratadine for 28 days. The test group was given 10ml of virgin coconut oil three times a day in addition to loratadine. The symptoms of allergic rhinitis were scored at the beginning and end of the study. Results:, the symptom score were divided into nasal and non-nasal symptom scores. Sneezing score showed a significant difference, however the score was more in control group than test group, indicating that improvement in symptom was more in control group. The rest of the nasal symptom and non-nasal symptom score showed no significant difference between test and control groups. Approximately 58% of the test subjects developed side effects from consumption of virgin coconut oil, mainly gastrointestinal side effects. Conclusion: In the present study, ingestion of virgin coconut oil does not improve the overall and individual symptoms of allergic rhinitis, furthermore it has side effects.

Stick Figure and Think, Talk And Write: Integrating Media With Teaching Strategy For A Better Writing Competence

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 46
Author(s):  
Eva Sudarwati ◽  
Shynta Amalia
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Strategy ◽  
T Test ◽  
Narrative Writing ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Stick Figure ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
And Control ◽  
Writing Competence

Abstract This study attempts to see the effect of Think, Talk, and Write strategy on the students’ narrative writing competence. Considering the importance of the use of teaching media, this study tries to integrate Stick Figure as a teaching media in Think, Talk, and Write Strategy. A quasi experimental study was conducted to see the improvement of the students’ narrative writing competence. It involved 42 students who were selected on the basis of convenience sampling and assigned into two groups; experimental and control groups. The statistical analyses of paired sample t-test in experimental group showed that there was significant improvement on the students’ writing competence before (M=5.77, SD= 2.342) and after (M= 11.79, SD= 2.342), t(21)=12.059, p<0.05.Moreover, the result of independent t-test between experimental and control groups showed a significant difference. It can be seen that the mean differences was 3.79545 and the significance value is lower than 0.05, 0.000<0.05.

Impact of intrawound vancomycin powder on prevention of surgical site infection after posterior spinal surgery

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Hiroki Ushirozako ◽  
Tomohiko Hasegawa ◽  
Yu Yamato ◽  
Go Yoshida ◽  
Tatsuya Yasuda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Propensity Score ◽  
Spinal Surgery ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Propensity Score Model ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Surgical Data ◽  
Vancomycin Powder ◽  
Vancomycin Group ◽  
And Control

OBJECTIVESurgical site infection (SSI) after posterior spinal surgery is one of the severe complications that may occur despite administration of prophylactic antibiotics and the use of intraoperative aseptic precautions. The use of intrawound vancomycin powder for SSI prevention is still controversial, with a lack of high-quality and large-scale studies. The purpose of this retrospective study using a propensity score–matched analysis was to clarify whether intrawound vancomycin powder prevents SSI occurrence after spinal surgery.METHODSThe authors analyzed 1261 adult patients who underwent posterior spinal surgery between 2010 and 2018 (mean age 62.3 years; 506 men, 755 women; follow-up period at least 1 year). Baseline and surgical data were assessed. After a preliminary analysis, a propensity score model was established with adjustments for age, sex, type of disease, and previously reported risk factors for SSI. The SSI rates were compared between patients with intrawound vancomycin powder treatment (vancomycin group) and those without (control group).RESULTSIn a preliminary analysis of 1261 unmatched patients (623 patients in the vancomycin group and 638 patients in the control group), there were significant differences between the groups in age (p = 0.041), body mass index (p = 0.013), American Society of Anesthesiologists classification (p < 0.001), malnutrition (p = 0.001), revision status (p < 0.001), use of steroids (p = 0.019), use of anticoagulation (p = 0.033), length of surgery (p = 0.003), estimated blood loss (p < 0.001), and use of instrumentation (p < 0.001). There was no significant difference in SSI rates between the vancomycin and control groups (21 SSIs [3.4%] vs 33 SSIs [5.2%]; OR 0.640, 95% CI 0.368–1.111; p = 0.114). Using a one-to-one propensity score–matched analysis, 444 pairs of patients from the vancomycin and control groups were selected. There was no significant difference in the baseline and surgical data, except for height (p = 0.046), between both groups. The C-statistic for the propensity score model was 0.702. In the score-matched analysis, 12 (2.7%) and 24 (5.4%) patients in the vancomycin and control groups, respectively, developed SSIs (OR 0.486, 95% CI 0.243–0.972; p = 0.041). There were no systemic complications related to the use of vancomycin.CONCLUSIONSThe current study showed that intrawound vancomycin powder was useful in reducing the risk of SSI after posterior spinal surgery by half, without adverse events. Intrawound vancomycin powder use is a safe and effective procedure for SSI prevention.

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