Impulsiveness in Obsessive-Compulsive Patients

1983 ◽  
Vol 143 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rudolf Hoehn-Saric ◽  
Vernon C. Barksdale
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Impulse Control ◽  
Learning Problems ◽  
Eysenck Personality Questionnaire ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Frustration Tolerance ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
History Of ◽  
Neuroticism Scale ◽  
Low Frustration Tolerance

SummaryObsessive-compulsive patients with a history of poor impulse control were identified and compared with non-impulsive obsessive-compulsive patients. Although both groups reported comparable obsessive-compulsive symptoms, the impulsive group rated significantly higher on disturbances during childhood, which included learning problems, low frustration tolerance, poor interpersonal relationships and attention-seeking behaviour. The impulsive group also scored highly on the neuroticism scale of the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire and reported a higher incidence of somatic symptoms. It appears that poor impulse control was related to disturbances which had already manifested themselves during childhood, while the obsessive-compulsive disorder was superimposed at a later time.

Emotional disorders

2021 ◽  
pp. 77-86
Author(s):  
Mark Selikowitz
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Disorders ◽  
Emotional Difficulties ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Frustration Tolerance ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Inhibitory Processes ◽  
Low Frustration Tolerance ◽  
Thrill Seeking ◽  
The Brain

Emotional disorders in children with ADHD are often difficult to detect. The emotional problems that occur in children with ADHD fall into three categories: emotional characteristics of ADHD (low frustration tolerance, preoccupation, thrill-seeking, dysthymia, and overexcitability), reactive emotions to having ADHD, and coexisting emotional disorders (depression, anxiety, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and bipolar disorder). Inefficient inhibitory processes in the brain are the basis of these emotional difficulties. It is essential to be aware of the frequent occurrence of emotional disorders in children with ADHD. This chapter discusses emotional disorders in ADHD, including the emotional characteristics of ADHD, reactive emotions, and coexisting emotional disorders.

How athletes coped with COVID-19 restrictions: differences between Switzerland and Italy

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Training Session ◽  
Coping Resources ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Aggressive Action ◽  
History Of ◽  
Global Threat ◽  
Sport Facilities

The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic is a global crisis of unprecedented scale in modern times. The initial outbreak of COVID-19 in Wuhan spread rapidly, affecting other parts of China and soon other countries becoming a global threat. [1] On 11 March 2020, the WHO has declared the ‘Pandemic state’ calling the governments to take ‘urgent and aggressive action’ to delay and mitigate the peak of infection. To respond to COVID-19 public health experts and government officials are taking several measures, including social distancing, self-isolation, or quarantine; strengthening health facilities to control the disease; and asking people to work at home. To safeguard the health of athletes and others involved all forms of organized sport have been either cancelled or postponed. These range from mass participation events such as marathon races to football league and even to the Olympics and Paralympics that for the first time in the history of the modern games, have been postponed, and will be held in 2021. All sport in Italy had been suspended from early March and from April the lockdown measures had been extended to the training session for professional and non-professional athletes within all sport facilities. Unlike Italy, the Swiss government has not imposed a general curfew so athletes continued to train outdoor although training in a group was forbidden. [2,3] Some athletes in this situation will be able to build on existing coping resources while others athletes may experience psychological symptoms including fear of being infected, anxiety of physical recovery if infected, disturbed sleep, eating disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and family conflicts.

Bipolar disorder and comorbid obsessive-compulsive disorder is associated with higher rates of anxiety and impulse control disorders

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cilly Klüger Issler ◽  
Emel Serap Monkul ◽  
José Antonio de Mello Siqueira Amaral ◽  
Renata Sayuri Tamada ◽  
Roseli Gedanke Shavitt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Impulse Control ◽  
Severe Form ◽  
Impulse Control Disorders ◽  
Tic Disorders ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Residual Symptoms ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Episodes

Issler CK, Monkul ES, Amaral JAMS, Tamada RS, Shavitt RG, Miguel EC, Lafer B. Bipolar disorder and comorbid obsessive-compulsive disorder is associated with higher rates of anxiety and impulse control disorders.Objective:Although bipolar disorder (BD) with comorbid obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is highly prevalent, few controlled studies have assessed this comorbidity. The objective of this study was to investigate the clinical characteristics and expression of comorbid disorders in female BD patients with OCD.Method:We assessed clinically stable female outpatients with BD: 15 with comorbid OCD (BD+OCD group) and 15 without (BD/no-OCD group). All were submitted to the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV, with additional modules for the diagnosis of kleptomania, trichotillomania, pathological gambling, onychophagia and skin picking.Results:The BD+OCD patients presented more chronic episodes, residual symptoms and previous depressive episodes than the BD/no-OCD patients. Of the BD+OCD patients, 86% had a history of treatment-emergent mania, compared with only 40% of the BD/no-OCD patients. The following were more prevalent in the BD+OCD patients than the BD/no-OCD patients: any anxiety disorder other than OCD; impulse control disorders; eating disorders; and tic disorders.Conclusion:Female BD patients with OCD may represent a more severe form of disorder than those without OCD, having more depressive episodes and residual symptoms, and being at a higher risk for treatment-emergent mania, as well as presenting a greater anxiety and impulse control disorder burden.

Antecedent Pausing as a Direct Instruction Tactic for Adolescents with Severe Behavioral Disorders

1988 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 263-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacqueline Hawkins
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Disorders ◽  
Impulse Control ◽  
Correct Identification ◽  
Primary Method ◽  
Frustration Tolerance ◽  
English Grammar ◽  
9Th Grade ◽  
Response Generalization ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Low Frustration Tolerance

The lecture is the primary method of instructional presentation in secondary schools. Unfortunately, many students with short attention spans, low frustration tolerance, limited impulse control, and other behavioral disorders find difficulty acquiring and maintaining information delivered via the lecture format. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of an instructional pause procedure on the English grammar performance of 8th and 9th grade students with severe behavioral disorders. Specifically, the author investigated whether instruction incorporating a modification of Rowe's Pause Procedure resulted in correct identification of verbs on English worksheets. The results show at least moderate increases in verb identification in 7 of the 8 students participating in the procedure. Additionally, evidence of response generalization (mixed verb production) shows a statistically significant difference following verb identification training.

scholarly journals “This Is Not the Original Timeline”: A Case Report of an Extended Dissociative Episode in a Healthy Young Male Accompanied with Severe Decline in Mental State

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Godwin Tong ◽  
Kieran Groom ◽  
Louisa Ward ◽  
Muhammad Naeem
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Mental State ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Psychiatric Admission ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Psychiatric Setting ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
History Of ◽  
Core Symptoms

Dissociation is a disconnection between a person’s thoughts, memories, feelings, actions, or sense of who he or she is. Dissociative disorders can be described and understood using the combination of five core symptoms: amnesia, depersonalisation, derealisation, identity confusion, or identity alteration. They are frequently associated with previous experience of trauma. The challenge in diagnosis and the lifetime prevalence of approximately 10% in the general population and clinical psychiatric setting ensures the relevance of this case. We write about a 21-year-old gentleman with history of autism and obsessive compulsive disorder, but no significant medical history was presented to the emergency department with increased anxiety, subsequently progressing to agitation, pacing, and becoming nonverbal. No significant findings were uncovered on laboratory blood testing (other than prolactin 737 mu/L and phosphate 0.35 mmol/L), lumbar puncture, or brain imaging. Consequently, he was admitted to a psychiatric unit for assessment. The patient continued to present with severe disorientation, limited speech, and altered state of consciousness with occasional spastic-like movements. Antipsychotic and benzodiazepine medication was initiated, with no significant change in presentation. The patient continued to be witnessed wandering and having incoherent speech. First signs of improvement came 21 days postadmission with brief conversation and lucidity. This continued to improve over the next 7 days where he was reported to be at his baseline mental state. Environmental stressors including university examinations, the COVID-19 pandemic, and recent contact with his estranged father were possible precipitants to the episode. The patient reported almost complete unawareness of the psychiatric admission. A diagnosis of dissociative disorder, unspecified, was given. This case shows the management and diagnostic challenges of patients presenting with the aforementioned symptoms. There are no formal guidelines for the management of treating dissociative episodes, and this case report suggests the possible benefits of a drug-free period of watchful waiting upon admission.

scholarly journals Obsessive compulsive disorder: a case of extreme obsessional slowness in an 18-year-old presenting to the national OCD unit

BJPsych Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (S1) ◽  
pp. S115-S115
Author(s):  
Claire Fischer ◽  
Ilenia Pampaloni ◽  
Sarah Gardiner
Keyword(s):  
Normal Development ◽  
Treatment Approach ◽  
Exact Nature ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Juvenile Onset ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Communication Difficulties ◽  
Fdg Pet Scan ◽  
History Of ◽  
Stooped Posture

ObjectiveObsessional slowness in OCD is a rare phenomenon on which there is minimal published literature. This is a particularly severe and atypical case of early onset OCD with extreme obsessional slowness and mutism. To the best of our knowledge, there have been no reports of similar severity published in this age group. This report seeks to provide discussion of important organic causes that may need to be considered as well as information on treatment approach.Case reportAn 18-year-old male was admitted to the National OCD Unit, Springfield Hospital with a history of autism and normal development until the age of 14, after which symptoms of OCD with fear of contamination emerged, followed by progressive motor slowness and mutism.Due to the severity of OCD and self-neglect he had two previous admissions to CAMHS wards and required a course of ECT to treat catatonic symptoms age 17.Pharmacological treatment has included Aripiprazole 5 mg and Fluoxetine 60 mg, which the patient was taking at admission. The latter was subsequently switched to Sertraline 250 mg and Aripiprazole increased. As it was hypothesized that his obsessional slowness stemmed from severe levels of anxiety, Buspirone was also added.Therapy has been intensive, although communication difficulties have made targeting specific fears challenging as the exact nature of the intrusive thoughts remains unclear.DiscussionFollowing combined neurology and neuropsychiatry review, the patient spent four weeks in a general hospital for further investigation as it was initially felt an organic cause was likely. Initial differentials included Juvenile Onset Parkinson's or Wilson's disease. Both were subsequently ruled out and despite multiple investigations, no obvious organic cause was found. A markedly abnormal FDG PET scan showed findings usually seen in advanced dementia, but not necessarily clinically correlating to his current presentation.The OCD unit have continued to provide intensive input and tailored treatment programme, encouraging actions against any rules he has in place. Prompting and pacing, verbal exercises and regular stretching exercises due to stooped posture which he attributed to needing to obey certain rules have been used.ConclusionIt is important for clinicians to be aware of obsessional slowness in OCD and this report highlights a particularly rare and severe example in a young adult who has been difficult to treat. Organic causes may need to be considered and MDT approach to treatment is essential.

PROLACTIN IN CHILDHOOD OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE DISORDER: CLINICAL CORRELATES AND RESPONSE TO CLOMIPRAMINE

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 88 (5) ◽  
pp. 992-992
Author(s):  
Gregory L. Hanna ◽  
James T. MCCracken ◽  
Dennis P. Cantwell
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Tic Disorder ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Symptoms ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Serotonergic Receptors ◽  
Duration Of Illness ◽  
Chronic Tic Disorder ◽  
History Of ◽  
Clomipramine Treatment

Basal prolactin concentrations were measured before treatment in 18 children and adolescents with obsessive-compulsive disorder as well as in 15 of these patients after 4 and 8 weeks of clomipramine treatment. Basal prolactin levels were influenced by a history of chronic tic disorder and by the duration and severity of obsessive-compulsive symptoms. Clomipramine administration significantly increased basal prolactin levels. A slight decline in prolactin levels during the last 4 weeks of clomipramine treatment was positively correlated with a favorable treatment response and negatively correlated with duration of illness. If the changes in prolactin levels observed during clomipramine treatment are due primarily to changes in serotonergic neurotransmission, these data suggest that clomipramine treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder produces an adaptive decrease in the responsiveness of serotonergic receptors.

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