British Phenomenological and Psychopathological Concepts: A Comparative Review

1982 ◽  
Vol 140 (6) ◽  
pp. 558-565 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Berner ◽  
Bernd Küfferle
Keyword(s):  
Present State ◽  
Theoretical Approach ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Statistical Evaluation ◽  
Substantial Contribution ◽  
Comparative Review ◽  
American Schools ◽  
Traditional Structures ◽  
State Examination ◽  
Hamilton Rating Scale

For a foreign observer who has been trained in German and French psychopathology, British psychiatry is very attractive at first glance for a number of reasons. Its eclectic and principally non-theoretical approach (Cooper, 1975), characterized by an open acceptance of foreign concepts and by the tendency to question traditional structures and hypotheses and to test them by means of statistical methods, appears most impressive. The substantial contribution British authors have made toward the development of structured tools in psychopathology, like for instance the Present State Examination or the Hamilton Rating Scale in order to facilitate such a statistical evaluation, which reflects clearly the inheritance of Sir Francis Galton, is also a cause of sincere admiration. The European observer realizes furthermore that the British approach is rooted mainly in continental, especially in German, clinical psychiatry, and is not as heavily influenced by psychodynamic theories as, for instance, the American schools were, at least until recently. This provides him with a comfortable feeling of familiarity and he is not inclined to question certain British tenets until his involvement progresses and he becomes aware of the comparative lack of attention paid by British schools to some of the fundamentals of continental psychopathology.

A study of the symptomatology and course of manic illness using a new scale

1977 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 723-729 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. B. Loudon ◽  
Cheryl M. Ashworth ◽  
Ivy M. Blackburn
Keyword(s):  
Social Functioning ◽  
Present State ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Manic Symptoms ◽  
State Examination ◽  
Manic Patients

synopsisSixteen manic patients were rated fortnightly on the Present State Examination and a new manic rating scale. After 4 weeks of treatment a high proportion of symptoms had decreased significantly, but some symptoms likely to affect social functioning persisted. The group displayed many depressive and anxiety symptoms in addition to recognized manic symptoms.

The Present State Examination Change Rating Scale

1987 ◽  
Vol 150 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. H. Tress ◽  
C. Bellenis ◽  
J. M. Brownlow ◽  
G. Livingston ◽  
J. P. Leff
Keyword(s):  
Present State ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Drug Effects ◽  
Clinical State ◽  
Symptom Change ◽  
Sensitivity To Change ◽  
Interview Technique ◽  
Diagnostic Facility ◽  
Administration Time ◽  
State Examination

The development and use of a new psychiatric symptom change scale based on the Present State Examination (PSE) - the PSE Change Rating Scale - is described. The advantages of the PSE are retained (the extensive glossary, the diagnostic facility and the standardised interview technique) while improving its sensitivity to change and decreasing its administration time. The scale has been designed to prevent feedback of results and ‘halo’ effects: it has proved highly reliable in use across raters with different backgrounds and experience. The scale has been used to monitor drug effects on clinical state across a variety of diagnoses and examples of its use are given.

The Validity of the SCL-90 in a Sample of British Men remanded to Prison for Psychiatric Reports

1985 ◽  
Vol 147 (4) ◽  
pp. 400-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
James H. Wilson ◽  
Pamela J. Taylor ◽  
Graham Robertson
Keyword(s):  
Present State ◽  
Mental State ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Population Screening ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Psychiatric History ◽  
Paranoid Ideation ◽  
The Uk ◽  
State Examination ◽  
Motivation For Treatment

The SCL-90 is a self-report inventory of psychopathology, which has not previously been validated in the UK. In the present study, the scale was found to correlate well with other measures of mental state, namely the Present State Examination (PSE) and the Comprehensive Psychopathological Rating Scale (CPRS). The scale was able to distinguish psychotic from non-psychotic patients on its paranoid ideation sub-scale, but not on its psychoticism one, nor any of its seven neurotic sub-scales. It is suggested that in research or population screening studies, this type of questionnaire should be supplemented with information relating to psychiatric history and motivation for treatment.

Validity of the Elderly Behavior Assessment for Relatives (EBAR)

2000 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lina Pezzuti ◽  
Caterina Laicardi ◽  
Marco Lauriola
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Good Health ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Behavior Assessment ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
Behavior Rating Scale ◽  
Components Analysis ◽  
State Examination

Summary: An Elderly Behavior Assessment for Relatives (EBAR), updating the GERRI ( Schwartz, 1983 ), was administered to relatives (or significant others) of 349 elderly persons, from 60 to over 80 years of age, living at home, in good health and without cognitive impairment. A trained psychologist administered subjects the Life Satisfaction for Elderly Scale (LSES), the Instrumental Activity of Daily Living (IADL), the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), and personally answered to an overall elderly behavior rating scale (RA). EBAR items were first examined. The more attractive and less discriminative statements were excluded. A principal components analysis was carried out on the remaining EBAR items. Three factors were extracted. After varimax rotation they were tentatively labeled: Everyday Cognitive Functioning, Depression, and Hostility. Factor-driven EBAR subscales were designed, taking into account simpler items in the factor matrix. Results provide evidence for EBAR construct validity. Everyday Cognitive Functioning is connected to the IADL and the RA scores; Depression is very highly related to the LSES; Hostility is weakly related to RA, IADL, and MMSE, indicating that the scale needs further investigation.

An intervention for depressive symptoms using a commercial game in a mental health impatient setting. (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Rodrigo Guzman Cortez ◽  
Matias Marzocchi ◽  
Neus Freixa Fontanals ◽  
Mercedes Balcells-Olivero
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Serious Games ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Depressive Symptomatology ◽  
Pilot Test ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Depressive Episodes ◽  
Hamilton Rating Scale

BACKGROUND Computerized mental health interventions have shown evidence of their potential benefit for mental health outcomes in young users. All of the studied interventions available in the review and scientific literature can be classified as "serious games". Serious games are computerized interventions designed from the start with the objective of improving specific desired health outcomes. Moreover, there are reports of users experiencing subjective benefits in mental health after playing specific commercial games. These were games not intentionally made with a therapeutic objective in the design process. An example is the videogame "Journey", first released for the Playstation 3 console in 2012 which won "Game of the Year" in the 2013 D.I.C.E awards. The creator of the game describes the game as a short, 2-3-hour narrative experience in which the player goes through the "Hero's Journey" following a classic 3-part structure. There were more than 100 testimonials from players describing how the game helped them cope with psychological or personal issues. Some of them explicitly described recovering from depressive episodes through playing the game. OBJECTIVE To conduct a pilot test of the efficacy of the videogame Journey in reducing depressive symptoms in an acute impatient setting METHODS Depressive symptomatology was measured before and after the intervention using the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRSD) The intervention was conducted in an isolated room using a Playstation 3 console with the videogame "Journey" developed by Thatgamecompany. No internet access was allowed. The game was played over the course of 4 30-45 min sessions in a two week period. RESULTS The initial score in the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRSD) was 30, indicating a very severe depression. After the intervention the HRSD score was 10, showing a mild depression. CONCLUSIONS The Videogame Journey, a commercial game first available for the Playstation 3 console in 2012, was not created as a serious game with potential health benefits. Our pilot test is the first case report of a commercial game showing a potential effect in reducing depressive symptoms, which is consistent with the previous informal reports of users online.

scholarly journals Sociodemographic and Clinical Profile of Patients Presenting With Erectile Dysfunction: Experience From a Tertiary Care Centre of North India

2021 ◽  
pp. 263183182110311
Author(s):  
Adarsh Tripathi ◽  
Dhirendra Kumar ◽  
Sujita Kumar Kar ◽  
PK Dalal ◽  
Anil Nischal
Keyword(s):  
Erectile Dysfunction ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Nuclear Family ◽  
Sexual Experience ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Clinical Profile ◽  
Sexual Disorders ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Center ◽  
Hamilton Rating Scale

Background: Erectile dysfunction (ED) is one of the most common psychosexual disorders in clinical practice, and it results in significant distress, interpersonal impairments, poor quality of life, and marital disharmony. However, there is limited research on ED in India. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the sociodemographic and clinical profile of patients presenting with ED. Method: Cross-sectional evaluation of patients with ED presenting to the psychosexual outpatient department (OPD) of psychiatry department in a tertiary care hospital was done on structured clinical pro forma, Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview, International Index of Erectile Function-5, Arizona Sexual Experience, Hamilton rating scale for depression, and Hamilton rating scale for anxiety. Results: The sample included 102 patients. The mean age was 33.38 years. The majority of the patients were married (81.4%), Hindu (82.4%), residing in a rural area (60.8%), and belonging to a nuclear family (62.7%). The majority of the patients had a moderate level of ED (50%) followed by mild-to-moderate ED (26.5%) and severe ED (23.5%). Premature ejaculation (46.1%) and depression (28.4%) were the most common sexual and psychiatric comorbidities. Obesity was common (62.7%), and only a minority had other metabolic dysfunction, namely dyslipidemia (7.8%), diabetes (5.9%), and hypertension (4.9%). Tobacco dependence and alcohol dependence were present in 37.3% and 6.9% cases, respectively. Conclusion: Young adults with moderate-to-severe ED were present for treatment at a tertiary center. Comorbidities of other sexual disorders, psychiatric disorders, and substance use are commonly encountered in such patients. Promotion of early help-seeking should be encouraged. Clinicians should thoroughly assess even the young patients for other sexual, psychiatric, and medical comorbidities.

A comparison of the ‘Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression’ and the ‘Montgomery-Asberg Depression rating Scale’

1999 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.P.A.M. Huijbrechts ◽  
P.M.J. Haffmans ◽  
K. Jonker ◽  
A. van Dijke ◽  
E. Hoencamp
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Clinical Global Impression ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Clinical Impression ◽  
Clinical Relationship ◽  
Hamilton Rating Scale ◽  
Depressive States

SummaryAlthough the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRSD) is the most frequently used rating scale for quantifying depressive states, it has been criticized for its reliability and its usability in clinical practice. This criticism is less applying to the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS). Goal of the present study is to investigate the reliability and validity, and clinical relationship between the HRSD and the MADRS. For 60 out-patients with diagnosed depression (DSM IV296.2x, 296.3x, 300.40 and 311.00), the HRSD and MADRS were scored at baseline and 6 weeks later by an independent rater according to a structured interview. Also the Clinical Global Impression (CGI) was assessed by a psychiatrist. Satisfying agreement was found between the totalscores (r= .75, p>.000 en r=.92, p>.000 respectively, at baseline and 6 weeks later). Furthermore agreement was found between the items of both scales, and these agree with the clinical impression. The reliability of the MADRS is more stable than the reliability of the HRSD (α = .6367 and α =.8900 vs α = .2193 and α = .8362 at baseline and at endpoint respectively). Considering the ease of scoring both scales in one interview and the widely international use of the HRSD, scoring both the HRSD and the MADRS to measure the severity of a depression seems to be an acceptabel covenant.

scholarly journals Double-blind clonazepam vs placebo in panic disorder treatment

2000 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 1025-1029 ◽  
Author(s):  
ALEXANDRE MARTINS VALENÇA ◽  
ANTONIO EGIDIO NARDI ◽  
ISABELLA NASCIMENTO ◽  
MARCO A. MEZZASALMA ◽  
FABIANA L. LOPES ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Panic Disorder ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Panic Attacks ◽  
Fixed Dose ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Dsm Iv ◽  
Disorder Treatment ◽  
Hamilton Rating Scale

OBJECTIVE: To assess the effectiveness of clonazepam, in a fixed dose (2 mg/day), compared with placebo in the treatment of panic disorder patients. METHOD: 24 panic disorder patients with agoraphobia were randomly selected. The diagnosis was obtained using the structured clinical interview for DSM-IV . All twenty-four subjects were randomly assigned to either treatment with clonazepam (2 mg/day) or placebo, during 6 weeks. Efficacy assessments included: change from baseline in the number of panic attacks; CGI scores for panic disorder; Hamilton rating scale for anxiety; and panic associated symptoms scale. RESULTS: At the therapeutic endpoint, only one of 9 placebo patients (11.1%) were free of panic attacks, compared with 8 of 13 (61.5%) clonazepam patients (Fisher exact test; p=0,031). CONCLUSION: the results provide evidence for the efficacy of clonazepam in panic disorder patients.

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