Monitoring of Patients in Prophylactic Lithium Treatment

1982 ◽  
Vol 140 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Vestergaard ◽  
Mogens Schou ◽  
Klaus Thomsen
Keyword(s):  
Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Glomerular Filtration ◽  
Kidney Function ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Kidney Biopsy ◽  
Lithium Treatment ◽  
Serum Tsh

The effect of long-term lithium treatment on the kidneys has generated concern among psychiatrists, and proposals have been made that routine determinations of serum lithium and serum TSH should be supplemented with control of the kidney function through regular determinations of serum creatinine, glomerular filtration rate, and renal concentrating ability, as well as through kidney biopsy in certain circumstances.

Glomerular Filtration Rate and Calcium Metabolism in Long-Term Lithium Treatment

1981 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Thysell ◽  
G. Brante ◽  
L. Sjöstedt ◽  
B. Lindergård ◽  
T. Lindholm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Glomerular Filtration ◽  
Calcium Metabolism ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Lithium Treatment

scholarly journals KIDNEY FUNCTION IN NEWBORN CHILDREN

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (7(76)) ◽  
pp. 54-59
Author(s):  
T.N, Ugleva ◽  
L.A. Alexeenko
Keyword(s):  
Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Glomerular Filtration ◽  
Kidney Function ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Extremely Low Birth Weight ◽  
Postnatal Life ◽  
Schwartz Formula ◽  
Premature Babies

Objective. The article discusses the problem of assessing renal function of the kidneys in premature babies born as a result of prematurely premature births with extremely low birth weight. Materials and methods. The functional state of the kidneys was evaluated in 148 children with ELBW and VLBW in the period from 1 to 90 days of postnatal age. The urine output rate, serum creatinine level, GFR calculation according to the Schwartz formula. Results. The results of the study showed that premature babies with ELBW are characterized by elevated serum creatinine levels and a low glomerular filtration rate, starting from the 4th day of life. An increase in GFR from the 3rd week of postnatal life significantly increases the likelihood of survival of premature babies with ELBW. The decrease in glomerular filtration rate in this contingent of children is associated not so much with kidney damage, but rather due to a more pronounced immaturity of nephrons Conclusion: Kidney function in preterm infants with ENMT is much lower than even in more mature children with ONHT. This is confirmed by high persistent levels of creatinine in serum and low SCF values throughout the neonatal period of life.

scholarly journals Effect of cyclosporin and tacrolimus on kidney function in liver recipients

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 37-42
Author(s):  
Elena Kosmacheva ◽  
Anna Babich
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Liver Transplantation ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Glomerular Filtration ◽  
Kidney Function ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Calcineurin Inhibitors

Introduction. Chronic renal failure is a significant issue regarding treatment of patients after liver transplantation. One of the factors determining the impaired renal function after liver transplantation is a long-term immunosuppressive therapy based on calcineurin inhibitors. The objective of the study was to evaluate the dynamics of renal function, depending on the use of various calcineurin inhibitors in the long-term postoperative period in liver recipients in real clinical practice. Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of the renal function in patients operated in the State Public Health Budget Institution “Scientific Research Institute – S.V. Ochapovsky Regional Clinic Hospital № 1”, Krasnodar Region, was carried out. This article describes dynamics of creatinine level and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in patients before liver transplant, as well as 6 months, 1, 2 and 3 years after surgery. GFR was calculated using the CKD-EPI formula (Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration). Statistical processing of the results was carried out using the Statistica 10 software package. Results and discussion. Before transplantation, the level of creatinine in the blood plasma was 82.9±19.8 mmol/l, 6 months later a20.4% increase in creatinine was registered (p=0.004), 12, 24 and 36 months later – it increased by 24.8% (p=0.00001), 24.4% (p=0.0004), and 26.0% (p=0.0005), respectively. Both cyclosporine and tacrolimus caused an increase in the level of creatinine. Baseline GFR was 83.4±25.9, the reduction in GFR occurred in comparison with the baseline by 14.2% (p=0.0005), 18.8% (p=0.00001), 20.2% (p=0.00003), 22.6% % (p=0.00006) 6, 12, 24 and 36 months later, respectively. The degree of the decrease in GFR against the background of tacrolimus therapy did not differ significantly from that in case of cyclosporine. Verification of chronic kidney disease and the administration of statins were recorded in isolated cases. Conclusions. In liver recipients, the level of creatinine rises and GFR decreases. Reduction of kidney function occurs against the background of both inhibitors of calcineurin, in connection with which it is necessary to increase the doctors’ alertness for early detection of a decrease in glomerular filtration rate with further verification of chronic kidney disease.

P4741Oral anticoagulants and their effect on kidneys function, is warfarin safe?

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
T Novikova ◽  
L Berstein ◽  
M Kiselyova ◽  
M Plotnikova ◽  
S Saiganov
Keyword(s):  
Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Glomerular Filtration ◽  
Kidney Function ◽  
Vitamin K ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Oral Anticoagulants ◽  
Prolonged Treatment ◽  
Valve Prosthesis ◽  
The Difference

Abstract Introduction Patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and an intermediate or higher risk of stroke and systemic embolization should be treated with oral anticoagulants (OAC). For patients who do not have mitral valve stenosis or a mechanical valve prosthesis, non-vitamin-K dependent oral anticoagulants (NOAC) are preferred over vitamin K antagonists (VKA). All four NOACs are partly eliminated by the kidneys. At the present time it is uncertain which of the two types of anticoagulants – VKA or NOAC – has a lesser deleterious effect on a kidney function. Purpose To estimate the influence of the prolonged treatment with OAC on a kidney function. Methods The retrospective analysis of 776 inpatients with AF admitted from January 1, 2014 to June 30, 2018. Results While in a hospital, 93.6% of AF patients received OAC, of which 50.0% was VKA and 43.6% - NOAC; 1.8% were given antiplatelet therapy (APT) and 4.6% of patients did not receive any antithrombotic therapy (ATT). eGFR was assessed as >90 ml/min in 6.7% of patients, 89 to 60 ml/min – in 45.1% of patients, 59–45 ml/min – in 30.5% of patients, 44 to 30 ml/min – in 13.3% of patients, 29 to 15 ml/min – in 4.1% of patients, and <15 ml/min – in 0.3% of patients. For the analysis of the effect of long-term ATT on the kidney function, 70 patients were selected. Among them, 25 received VKA, 25 received NOAC, 20 patients were on APT (acetylsalicylic acid – ASA). The difference between baseline characteristics of groups was statistically insignificant. After 3.5 years eGFR decreased significantly in VKA group (from 63.69±14.69 ml/min to 48.08±11.2 ml/min, p=0.002); in the NOAC group mean eGFR value was also lower than initial (62.38±16.01 ml/min vs 63,75±21.17 ml/min), but the difference was statistically insignificant (p=0.86). In ASA group eGFR declined from 62,41±17.23 ml/min to 58.25±10.48 ml/min, however, as in the NOAC group, the difference was statistically insignificant (p=0.054). After 3.5 years, significant difference was present between the eGFR values in VKA group and NOAC group (p=0.01), and between the eGFR values in VKA and ASA groups (p=0.02). Decrease of eGFR ≥20% is detected in 31.8% of patients in VKA group, 17.7% of patients in ASA group, and 9.1% of patients in NOAC group. Conclusion In real clinical practice, long-term VKA use leads to more significant reduction in the glomerular filtration rate compared to NOAC use. Although the glomerular filtration rate in the ASA patients decreased to a lesser extent than in those on VKA, ASA should not be used for the stroke and systemic embolism prevention in patients with AF due to its low efficacy.

scholarly journals Estimating Glomerular Filtration Rate Using Full Age Spectrum Equation to Assess Kidney Function in Hypertensive Patients: A Cross-sectional Study

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Balkar Chand ◽  
Lovleen Bhatia ◽  
Kanchan Vohra
Keyword(s):  
Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Glomerular Filtration ◽  
Kidney Function ◽  
Cystatin C ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) is accepted as the best indicator of kidney function and commonly assessed from serum creatinine (Cr) and cystatin C (Cys-C) based equations. The present cross-sectional, observational study aimed to assess eGFR using a new and validated Full Age Spectrum (FAS) equation and compared with eGFR assessed using old and established equations in hypertensive patients. Materials and Methods: Overall, 60 subjects were recruited for the study, including 30 hypertensive patients and 30 age and sex matched healthy subjects. Serum creatinine and cystatin C were measured using commercial biochemical kits. These levels were used to derive and compare eGFR using our different equations, namely, Cockcroft and Gault (CG), Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD), Chronic Kidney Disease-epidemiology collaboration (CKD-EPI), and FAS equation. Student t-test was used for comparison between two groups and One-way ANOVA test was used to find multiple comparison with-in the hypertensive and control group. Pearson’s Univariate correlation followed by multiple linear regression analysis was applied to find independent predictors of eGFR. All data were analyzed using Sigma-Stat. Results: There was significant difference found in the eGFR levels using different equations in hypertensive subjects as compared to healthy subjects (P<0.01). With–in hypertensive subjects and with-in heathy subjects, a significant difference was also reported (both P<0.01). For FAS-based GFR, age was found as independent predictor of eGFR by all FAS equations. eGFR estimated using Cr based equations resulted in significant difference in categorizing number of subjects into CKD v/s non-CKD depending on their eGFR levels. But there was no difference found for the above in serum cystatin C based equations (P=0.26). Conclusion: Present data showed that eGFR derived using all set of equations resulted in variable eGFR levels. But, use of Cr based equations instead of Cys-C or combine Cr-Cys based equations resulted in wide variation i.e. change in GFR due to change in marker.

scholarly journals Renal functional reserve

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (25) ◽  
pp. 26-30
Author(s):  
Praveen Ratanasrimetha ◽  
Miguel Quirich ◽  
Sorot Phisitkul
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Glomerular Filtration ◽  
Kidney Function ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Current Standard ◽  
Functional Reserve

Serum creatinine and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) are the current standard tests tomeasure kidney function. The baseline GFR does not reflect full function of the kidney sincehuman kidneys do not always work at full capacity. Similarly, serum creatinine is not a sensitivemeasure for kidney function or injury. In healthy individuals the GFR physiologically increasesin response to certain stresses or stimuli, such as protein loading.Renal functional reserve (RFR) is defined as the difference between the maximalglomerular filtration rate (generally determined after oral or intravenous protein loading) and thebaseline glomerular filtration rate. The absence of a normal RFR can help identify patients whoare more susceptible to kidney injury. The RFR is also important in patients who develop acutekidney injury and chronic kidney disease. Even though the GFR might return to a baselinelevel, there may be some loss of RFR which can make the patient more susceptible to anotherepisode of kidney injury.Acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease are considered interconnected syndromes;each is a risk factor for the other. There are no current recommendations regarding theperformance of routine determinations of RFR. Physicians should focus on clinical history andphysical examination in patients with a history of prior episodes of acute kidney injury, monitorrenal function, and avoid nephrotoxic insults.

scholarly journals The impact of glomerular filtration rate estimation on cardiovascular events in elderly patients undergoing coronary angiography

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Aker ◽  
A Eitan ◽  
W Saliba ◽  
R Jaffe ◽  
B Zafrir
Keyword(s):  
Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Coronary Angiography ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Glomerular Filtration ◽  
Kidney Function ◽  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Cardiovascular Comorbidities ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Objectives Estimation of kidney function by glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) is affected by age and is important for decision making regarding treatment and prognosis of patients with cardiovascular disease. We aimed to investigate the impact of eGFR on long-term cardiovascular outcomes in an elderly population undergoing coronary angiography for evaluation or treatment of coronary artery disease. Methods GFR was estimated according to Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) equation in 3,690 elderly patients (aged 70–100 years) undergoing coronary angiography. Patients receiving maintenance dialysis were excluded. The association between eGFR and long-term major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) including myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke or death, was investigated. GFR was further calculated according to Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) and the Cockroft-Gault equations, and compatibility between estimations was analyzed. Results Cardiovascular comorbidities were more prevalent with the reduction in kidney function as was the proportion of patients presenting with acute coronary syndromes. The adjusted hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) for MACE during a mean follow-up of 5 years was 0.98 (0.80–1.19), 1.05 (0.85–1.30), 1.45 (1.15–1.82), 2.20 (1.64–2.95) and 3.87 (2.28–6.58) in patients with eGFR 60–89, 45–59, 30–44, 15–29 and &lt;15 ml/min/1.73m2, respectively, compared to eGFR &gt;90 ml/min/1.73m2. Reclassification of eGFR stages by MDRD (upward 23.8%, downward 0.4%) and Cockroft-Gault (upward 4.3%, downward 28.1%) compared to CKD-EPI estimation, was noted. However, the association between eGFR stages and MACE was similar between equations. Conclusions Kidney function, as manifested by eGFR, has a graded inverse association with the burden of cardiovascular comorbidities and long-term adverse events in elderly patients undergoing coronary angiography. FUNDunding Acknowledgement Type of funding sources: None.

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