Variations in the Seasonal Distribution of Births of Psychotic Patients in England and Wales

1978 ◽  
Vol 132 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. H. Hare
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
General Population ◽  
Older Patients ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Seasonal Distribution ◽  
Fourth Quarter ◽  
Affective Psychosis ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Younger Age

SummaryThe quarterly distribution of births of patients born in England and Wales 1921–60 and first admitted in 1970–75 was examined by decade of birth and by age at year of admission. For patients with schizophrenia and affective psychosis, the distribution varied: in the early decade (1921–30), and for older patients (45–54 years) the proportion of births in the fourth quarter of the year was high, compared with expectation from live births in the general population; but it became lower in succeeding decades and for younger age groups. No comparable change occurred for births of patients with neurosis or personality disorder.

scholarly journals Computational analysis on Covid-19 transmission escalates into new imuuno-epidemiology considerations.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Kyriakopoulos ◽  
Shi Zhao ◽  
Jinhui Li
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Older Patients ◽  
Computational Analysis ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Negative Association ◽  
Transmission Dynamics ◽  
Geographical Proximity ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Pharmaceutical Interventions

Abstract Background For Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2, the investigation of the heterogeneity of individual infectiousness is important due to the recorded widespread cross reactive immunity of general population that can alter transmission dynamics. We therefore aimed to understand how SARS-COV-2 transmits in the general population in relation to age.DesignUsing a sample of infected population with SARS-COV-2 in close geographical proximity to the initial Severe Advanced Respiratory Syndrome-1 (SARS-1) outbreak, we explored the association between infector’s age and dispersion (or heterogeneity) of individual infectiousness (k) in order to investigate the relatedness with the age of an individual’s capability to disperse SARS-COV-2.ResultsWe have found a negative association between k and increase of infector’s age. Significantly this becomes more evident for the age group of 20-60 years comparing with the infectors of younger age.ConclusionsNon pharmaceutical interventions can be effective to age group between 20-60 years whereas in youngsters and older patients containment of spreading must be made by other means to be effective. Immunity differences between age groups may reflect their differences in heterogeneity predicted by variance in dispersion parameter (k).

scholarly journals Comorbid disease burden among MS patients 1968–2012: A Swedish register–based cohort study

2020 ◽  
pp. 135245852091049 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelsi A Smith ◽  
Sarah Burkill ◽  
Ayako Hiyoshi ◽  
Tomas Olsson ◽  
Shahram Bahmanyar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Comorbid Disease ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Cardiovascular Depression ◽  
Prevalence Prevalence ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
Prevalence Ratios

Background: People with multiple sclerosis (pwMS) have increased comorbid disease (CMD) risk. Most previous studies have not considered overall CMD burden. Objective: To describe lifetime CMD burden among pwMS. Methods: PwMS identified using Swedish registers between 1968 and 2012 ( n = 25,476) were matched by sex, age, and county of residence with general-population comparators ( n = 251,170). Prevalence, prevalence ratios (PRs), survival functions, and hazard ratios by MS status, age, and time period compared seven CMD: autoimmune, cardiovascular, depression, diabetes, respiratory, renal, and seizures. Results: The magnitude of the PRs for each CMD and age group decreased across time, with higher PRs in earlier time periods. Before 1990, younger age groups had higher PRs, and after 1990, older age groups had higher PRs. Male pwMS had higher burden compared with females. Overall, renal, respiratory, and seizures had the highest PRs. Before 2001, 50% of pwMS received a first/additional CMD diagnosis 20 years prior to people without MS, which reduced to 4 years after 2001. PwMS had four times higher rates of first/additional diagnoses in earlier time periods, which reduced to less than two times higher in recent time periods compared to people without MS. Conclusion: Swedish pwMS have increased CMD burden compared with the general population, but this has reduced over time.

The impact of a time target on older patients attending the emergency department

2010 ◽  
Vol 27 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. A2.1-A2
Author(s):  
Sue Mason
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Older Patients ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Unintended Consequences ◽  
Older Patient ◽  
Younger Patients ◽  
Patient Level ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
The Impact

IntroductionThe 4 h emergency standard for English acute trusts was introduced in 2003 and became full established by 2008 at 98% for all Emergency Department (ED) patients to be seen and discharged. This study examined the impact of the target for older patients attending departments.MethodsRoutine patient level data was received from 15 English EDs representing 774 095 individual patient attendances during May and June for 2003 to 2006. The data were used to determine the distribution of the total time spent in the EDs. Attendances were compared for older patients (65 years and above) with younger age groups.ResultsA total of 145 596 attendances were for patients aged 65+ years (18.9%). Across each year analysed, these older patients have a significantly longer median total time in the ED than those younger than 65 years (162 min vs 103 min, p<0.001). In addition, older patients are significantly more likely to leave the emergency department in the last 20 min prior to 4 h (12.4% vs 5.2% in those <65 years, p<0.001). This proportion is growing year on year in both the admitted and discharged categories of patients. Finally, older patients are significantly more likely to breach the 4-h than their younger counterparts (16.6% vs 6.3%, p<0.001).ConclusionsThere are some unintended consequences of introducing the 4 h target in UK emergency departments. While the target has reduced overall time in departments, the older patient appears to be disadvantaged relative to younger patients. Older patients are more likely to be ‘rushed through’ to other unmonitored areas of the hospital just prior to the target or to breach the target altogether. This finding calls in to question the benefits that the target is conveying for individual patients, and especially the most vulnerable in society.

The decline in fertility in England and Wales since 1964

1977 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-237
Author(s):  
G. N. Pollard
Keyword(s):  
Family Size ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Young Mothers ◽  
Fertility Rates ◽  
Specific Group ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Age At Marriage ◽  
Interaction Component ◽  
Number Of Births

SummaryThe decline in the number of legitimate live births in England and Wales from the peak in 1964 has been partitioned into components due to changes in fertility rates, components due to changes in the composition of the population exposed to risk, and an interaction component. Fertility rates specific for age of mother at birth of child, duration of marriage, parity and age of mother at marriage were considered but in all cases it was found that the decline was not as great as the change in fertility rates implied. This was due to increases in the number of births due to changes in the composition of the population exposed to risk.The decline in the number of births due to changes in fertility rates specific for age of mother/duration of marriage/parity/age at marriage has been expressed as a percentage of the number of births to each specific group and it was found that generally the percentage decline became greater as age of mother/duration of marriage/parity/age at marriage increased. However this did not apply for the youngest age groups, the shortest durations of marriage, the youngest ages at marriage and the lowest parity. This result needs further investigation. Is this evidence of a deferment of births by young mothers (with short durations, low parities and young ages at marriage)? Alternatively, is this evidence of the beginning of a really significant and widespread change of attitude to family size?

Smoking Habits among Norwegian Doctors 1974

1977 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 127-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leif-Edvard Aarø ◽  
Kjell Bjartveit ◽  
Odd D. Vellar ◽  
Else-Lill Berglund
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Small Proportion ◽  
Medical Profession ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Smoking Habits ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
High Level

In the spring of 1974 a representative sample ( N = 1200) of all doctors in Norway (6000) received a mailed questionnaire regarding past and present smoking habits. Close to 95% responded. Among late responders there was a disproportionately high number of smokers. As compared with the general population, both male and female doctors constitute a small proportion of daily smokers and a large proportion of exsmokers. The greatest contrasts are observed in the younger age groups. The percentage of daily smokers in this crossectional study on the medical profession is approximately 50% lower than that found in the 1952–53 study on Norwegian doctors. There is also a shift away from cigarette smoking toward the use of pipe and cigars, which is not found in the general population. Answers to questions regarding reasons for quitting as well as certain attitudinal indicators show that the doctors' reduction in smoking is related to their professional involvement and high level of knowledge concerning the health consequences of smoking.

scholarly journals Age-Associated Characteristics of Patients With Chronic Dizziness and Vertigo

2021 ◽  
pp. 089198872110361
Author(s):  
Alexander Wassermann ◽  
Sigrid Finn ◽  
Hubertus Axer
Keyword(s):  
Older Patients ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Bilateral Vestibulopathy ◽  
Positional Vertigo ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Chronic Dizziness ◽  
Diagnostic Work ◽  
Work Up ◽  
Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo

Objective: The incidence of dizziness and vertigo is increasing with age, and symptoms lead to significant limitations in daily living and to disability in older patients. Method: Data of 1,752 patients with chronic dizziness/vertigo subjected to a tertiary care, specialized interdisciplinary vertigo center were analyzed. Age, gender, symptoms, medical diagnosis, and Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI) were collected based on a questionnaire and analysis of associated patient records. The patients were assigned to 3 age groups (< 41, 41-65, and > 65 years). Results: 33.7% of the patients were older than 65 years. Frequency of symptoms and DHI score increased with age. Older patients reported less frequently about coexisting symptoms such as nausea, headache, tinnitus, ear pressure, and visual impairment. Multisensory deficit, central vertigo, bilateral vestibulopathy, and benign paroxysmal positional vertigo were diagnosed increasingly with age, while persistent postural–perceptual dizziness and vestibular migraine were diagnosed in the younger age groups. Conclusion: In the diagnostic work-up of older patients age-specific characteristics of dizziness/vertigo have to be considered. The older patient generally is more impaired by the symptoms but possibly will not report typical diagnosis-defining symptoms.

The Relative Mortality of Cancer in the General Population, and in the Mental Hospitals of England and Wales

1934 ◽  
Vol 80 (329) ◽  
pp. 223-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. de M. Rudolf ◽  
W. R. Ashby
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Great War ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
Suitable Material ◽  
Relative Mortality ◽  
Mental Hospitals ◽  
The Great War

The periods under review were selected according to the availability of suitable material. Before the year 1907 and during the years of the Great War the number of deaths divided into suitable age-groups are not readily obtainable. The years immediately following the end of the war were considered to be unsuitable owing to the occurrence of epidemics of influenza.

scholarly journals SAT0252 INCREASED MORTALITY FOR INDIVIDUALS WITH GIANT CELL ARTERITIS: A POPULATION-BASED STUDY

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 1069.1-1069
Author(s):  
L. Barra ◽  
J. Pope ◽  
P. Pequeno ◽  
J. Gatley ◽  
J. Widdifield
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Giant Cell Arteritis ◽  
Giant Cell ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Risk Of Mortality ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Over Time

Background:Individuals with giant cell arteritis (GCA) are at increased risk of serious morbidity including cardiovascular disease and stroke. Yet the risk of mortality among individuals with GCA have produced conflicting reports1.Objectives:Our aim was to evaluate excess all-cause mortality among individuals with GCA relative to the general population over time.Methods:We performed a population-based study in Ontario, Canada, using health administrative data among all individuals 50 years and older. Individuals with GCA were identified using a validated case definition (81% PPV, 100% specificity). All Ontario residents aged 50 and above who do not have GCA served as the General Population comparators. Deaths occurring in each cohort each year were ascertained from vital statistics. Annual crude and age/sex standardized all-cause mortality rates were determined for individuals with and without GCA between 2000 and 2018. Standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) were calculated to measure relative excess mortality over time. Differences in mortality between sexes and ages were also evaluated.Results:Population denominators among individuals 50 years and older with GCA and the General Population increased over time with 12,792 GCA patients and 5,456,966 comparators by 2018. Annual standardized mortality rates among the comparators steadily declined over time and were significantly lower than GCA morality rates (Figure). Annual GCA mortality rates fluctuated between 42-61 deaths per 1000 population (with overlapping confidence intervals) during the same time period. SMRs for GCA ranged from 1.28 (95% CI 1.08,1.47) at the lowest in 2002 to 1.96 (95% CI 1.84, 2.07) at the highest in 2018. GCA mortality rates and SMRs were highest among males and younger age groups.Conclusion:Over a 19-year period, mortality has remained increased among GCA patients relative to the general population. GCA mortality rates were higher among males and more premature deaths were occurring at younger age groups. In our study, improvements to the relative excess mortality for GCA patients over time (mortality gap) did not occur. Understanding cause-specific mortality and other factors are necessary to inform contributors to premature mortality among GCA patients.References:[1]Hill CL, et al. Risk of mortality in patients with giant cell arteritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Semin Arthritis Rheum. 2017;46(4):513-9.Figure.Acknowledgments: :This study was supported by a CIORA grantDisclosure of Interests:Lillian Barra: None declared, Janet Pope Grant/research support from: AbbVie, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Eli Lilly & Company, Merck, Roche, Seattle Genetics, UCB, Consultant of: AbbVie, Actelion, Amgen, Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Eicos Sciences, Eli Lilly & Company, Emerald, Gilead Sciences, Inc., Janssen, Merck, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, Sandoz, Sanofi, UCB, Speakers bureau: UCB, Priscila Pequeno: None declared, Jodi Gatley: None declared, Jessica Widdifield: None declared

scholarly journals Endoscopic Findings of Gastro-Esophageal Reflux Disease in Elderly and Younger Age Groups

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haydar Adanir ◽  
Bilge Baş ◽  
Betul Pakoz ◽  
Süleyman Günay ◽  
Hakan Camyar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reflux Disease ◽  
Older Patients ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy ◽  
Esophageal Reflux ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Endoscopic Findings ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
The Mean

Objective: To determine and compare the clinical features and endoscopic findings of gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD) in elderly and younger age groups.Materials and Methods: The clinical and endoscopic features were evaluated for all patients with GERD between January 2017 and September 2020. The criteria for inclusion were being aged over 65 and under 50 years and having an upper gastrointestinal endoscopy with reflux symptoms resistant to ppi theraphy. The exclusion criteria included prior surgery, age under 18 years, and pregnancy. The diagnosis of GERD was made according to the patients' symptoms. The SPSS 11.0 for Windows pocket program was used for statistical analysis.Results: Two hundred eighty-six patients aged over 65 years and 261 patients aged below 50 years were enrolled in this study. The mean age of the older group was 68.2 ± 4.5 years and the mean age of the young group was 38 ± 7.2 years. The male/female ratio was 5/3 and 2/1 in the young and older groups, respectively. The older patients had less severe and rare typical symptoms than the young patients. However, significantly more serious endoscopic findings were noted in the older patients compared with the younger patients.Conclusion: The older and young patients with GERD were predominantly male and typical reflux problems were less common in older patients with GERD. Older patients had more important endoscopic findings such as hernia, esophagitis, and cancer.

scholarly journals Time to Treatment Initiation Predicts Overall Survival in Hospitalized Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) Patients: A California Population-Based Study

Blood ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 128 (22) ◽  
pp. 3982-3982
Author(s):  
Tatini Datta ◽  
Brian A Jonas ◽  
Aaron S Rosenberg ◽  
Qian Li ◽  
Ann M Brunson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Overall Survival ◽  
Older Patients ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
De Novo Aml ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background: The impact of time from diagnosis to chemotherapy initiation (time to treatment, TTT) for AML has been a topic of ongoing debate. A prior study reported that TTT ≥5 days adversely impacted overall survival in younger (<60 years of age), but not older (≥60 years of age), patients. However, subsequent studies found either no effect of TTT on overall survival, regardless of age, or an adverse impact of TTT on overall survival for both younger (>10 days) and older patients (>5 days). Prior data also showed no impact of TTT on early mortality. Given these conflicting findings, consensus on the impact of TTT on survival is lacking and warrants further study. Using prospectively collected population-based data, we analyzed a large cohort of adult AML patients to examine the effect of TTT on overall survival. Methods: Using data from the California Cancer Registry and Patient Discharge Dataset between 1999-2012, patients≥15years diagnosed with de novo AML and who received inpatient treatment between 1-90 days from diagnosis were identified (n=5337). Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine factors associated with TTT>5 days vs 1-5 days with data presented as odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). The effect of TTT on overall and 60-day survival was estimated using multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression with TTT (1-5, 6-10,>10 days)considered as a time-dependent variable. Patients were stratified by age group (<60,≥60 years) for all analyses.Multivariable models accounted for age, race/ethnicity, sex, number of comorbidities, marital status, neighborhood socioeconomic status, health insurance type, treatment at National Cancer Institute designated (NCI) vs non-NCI designated facility, use ofleukapheresis, and year of diagnosis. Results: Of the 2659 patients <60 years of age, 61.0% were treated within 5 days and 79.7% within 10 days of diagnosis, compared to 43.8% and 65.0%, respectively, of the 2678 patients≥60 years of age. Patients≥60 years were more likely to have 3+ comorbidities compared to the younger age group (43.3% vs 25.9%, P<0.001). The likelihood of TTT>5 days increased with age in both younger and older patients. Across both age groups, patients requiringleukapheresis(age<60: OR 0.19, CI 0.10-0.34; age≥60: OR 0.23, CI 0.12-0.45), treated at a non-NCI (vs NCI) center (age<60: OR 0.62, CI 0.52-0.73; age≥60: OR 0.64, CI 0.52-0.78) and with 1-2 (vs 0) comorbidities (age<60: OR 0.81, CI 0.67-0.98; age≥60: OR 0.69, CI 0.54-0.88) or 3+ (vs 0) comorbidities (age<60: OR 0.77, CI 0.62-0.97; age≥60: OR 0.52, CI 0.41-0.66) had a lower odds of TTT>5 days. Younger (age<60) African Americans (vs non-Hispanic whites) had a higher odds of TTT >5 days (OR 1.43, CI 1.04-1.97). Delaying chemotherapy >10 days (vs 1-5 days) adversely impacted overall survival in both age groups (age<60: HR 1.26, CI 1.11-1.43; age≥60: HR 1.17, CI 1.06-1.28) (Table). However, TTT of 6-10 days (vs 1-5 days) affected overall survival in young (age<60: HR 1.15, CI 1.02-1.31), but not older patients. A TTT of 6-10 days (vs 1-5 days) adversely impacted 60-day survival in both age groups (age<60: HR 1.70, CI 1.24-2.33; age≥60: HR 1.27, CI 1.05-1.54); 60-day survival results were similar for a TTT >10 days (vs 1-5 days) (Table). Conclusions: In a large cohort of patients with de novo AML, TTT of up to 10 days did not have a negative impact on overall survival in patients over the age of 60. In younger patients (<age 60), TTT >5 days was associated with decreased overall survival. Delaying chemotherapy over 5 days adversely impacted 60-day survival in both age groups. Our observation that patients were more likely to have a shorter TTT at non-NCI designated hospitals may relate to delays associated with transfer to or clinical trial enrollment at NCI centers. Our results suggest that waiting to get results of ancillary testing, such as cytogenetic and molecular mutation analyses, in order to inform treatment decisions for AML patients, may be feasible in some patients with AML. In an era of rapidly evolving prognostic and treatment landscapes for AML, our findings may have implications for personalized therapy, including novel targeted therapies, and clinical trial design for patients withAML. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

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