Birth Order and Family Size of School-Phobic Adolescents

1972 ◽  
Vol 121 (564) ◽  
pp. 509-514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian Berg ◽  
Alan Butler ◽  
Ralph McGuire

It has been found that young people suffering from school phobia, particularly those of secondary school age in Britain, tend to be the youngest in their family (Hersov, 1960; Smith, 1970). This paper reports an investigation carried out in an attempt to confirm and extend this observation. A hundred school-phobic youngsters admitted to Highlands, a psychiatric in-patient unit for adolescents, were looked at from the point of view of order in the sibship; in this respect they were compared with 91 non-school-phobic children suffering from neurotic or conduct disorders admitted to the same hospital unit and with 127 randomly selected normal secondary school children stratified for age, sex and social class. The state of excessive dependency which appears to exist between mothers and their children in school phobia, even in early adolescence (Berg and McGuire, 1971) may be partly due to the circumstance of the affected individual being a younger child in the family.

1974 ◽  
Vol 125 (588) ◽  
pp. 468-469 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian Berg ◽  
Tony Collins

School-phobic youngsters have sometimes been described as wilful and stubborn in the family situation (Hersov, 1960), and this tendency has been invoked to explain the particular occurrence of school phobia in early adolescence (Leventhal and Sills, 1964). The emotional upset shown by these young people when faced with the prospect of going to school (Berg, Nichols and Pritchard, 1969), may occasionally appear to be more in the nature of anger, defiance and temper than either fearfulness or misery (Smith, 1970). The fact that in the general population dislike of school is reflected in actual absence only during the secondary school years (Mitchell and Shepherd, 1967) supports the view that assertiveness, which presumably becomes more effective as the child reaches the teens, plays some part in school refusal.


1976 ◽  
Vol 128 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian Berg ◽  
Alan Butler ◽  
Gabrielle Hall

SummaryA hundred-and-twenty-five school phobic youngsters had been treated in a psychiatric in-patient unit for young adolescents of secondary school age over a seven-year period; a hundred of them were reviewed on average three years after discharge. About a third of cases were found to have improved little; they had persistent severe symptoms of emotional disturbance and continuing social impairment. Another third had improved appreciably and were affected by neurotic symptoms rather than social impairment. The remaining third had improved substantially or completely. School attendance difficulties had remained in about half of all cases. Subsequent difficulties in going to work were less pronounced. The best predictor of outcome was clinical state on discharge. High intelligence also emerged as a significant predictor of poor outcome. Five girls and a boy had already developed severe and persistent agoraphobic difficulties when reviewed. It was found that severe school phobia in early adolescence resembled adult affective disorders in some clinical features and in outcome.


2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 190-195
Author(s):  
Leonid M. Makarov ◽  
Marina G. Lesnitskaya ◽  
Vera N. Komoliatova ◽  
Irina I. Kiseleva

Background. The epidemiology of loss of consciousness or syncope in Russian children’s population is unknown. Aim of the study. To determine the frequency of syncope in children and adolescents. In the study of the EPISODE (EPIdemiology of Syncope in schOol chilDren and adolEscents), there were surveyed parents from 85.5% of all school children from one of the central districts of Russia (Vladimir city area, Petushki district). There were 5728 questionnaires with questions about the syncope in their children, cases of sudden death (SD) in the family were common. 1732 questionnaires were returned (30.2%), the girls and boys were 50.8% vs 49.2% respectively. There were divided in 4 groups: A) syncope - 4.2%; B) presyncope - 13.8%; B) Sudden Death (SD) before 50 years old in the family -18.2%; D) 81,9% - without symptoms and SD in the family. In group A, girls dominated as 5.7% versus 2.7%, p <0.00005. The SD in group A was more common than in the children without syncope (42.5% versus 17,1%, p <0.00005). Conclusions: The prevalence of syncope among school children in Russia amounted to 4.2%. Syncope is found mainly in girls. The combination of syncope and SD in the family forms a group of children, in which, first of all, family diseases with the risk of SD should be excluded.


2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Minna Saarinen ◽  
Satu Mattila

The article examines issues related to peer interactions and group joining in upper secondary schools in Finland. The study elaborates on how young people describe students who are left out/excluded or who remain outside the social networks. The study also elucidates on how a student can join the group. The research is motivated by the current educational ethos, which emphasizes inclusion and tolerance. The data were collected from an upper secondary school and vocational and technical institute. The students were asked to recall the prior high school year and write an essay on the topic. A total of 49 students wrote about their memories. The data were analyzed using inductive content analysis, and the study found that students are either excluded or included due to the social skills they possess. Those who do not exhibit the same approach to being in a group will stay on the sidelines. The essays also described factors that connect students, such as hobbies and leisure activities. Similarity in many external factors (e.g., the family&rsquo;s economic situation) unites students. Contrary to expectations, young people described themselves, and not just others, as outsiders.


2015 ◽  
pp. 50-55
Author(s):  
Aneta Grochowska ◽  
◽  
Iwona Bodys-Cupak ◽  
Małgorzata Kołpa ◽  
Kazimiera Moździerz ◽  
...  

1980 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 207-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michel Vandewiele

This paper examined the causes of and the attitudes towards cheating in class as they were perceived by 800 secondary school students in Senegal. The causes of cheating as seen by our subjects fell into the following categories: students' laziness (47%), too many demands from the family (29%), teachers' attitudes (14%), a school syllabus too large or uninteresting (10%). The reasons for which pupils refrain from cheating are moral (57.5%), or the fear of being caught as well as the ineffectiveness of cheating (42.5%). The attitudes and feeling our students have towards their colleagues cribbing from them can be described as negative (52%: moral objections, fear of the unfair accusations levelled at them in case of discovery), lenient (39%: solidarity, efficiency), and ambivalent (13%). Over one-third of the pupils in our sample hold cheating at school ought to be reported; those with farming fathers being more insistent upon the fact than those with richer fathers. Over half of the pupils believe that cheating at school will lead to cheating elsewhere later in life.


Comunicar ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 16 (31) ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Pavón-Rabasco

This paper presents some ideas about how the author sees the current television in Spain. It has been calculated that today in Spain one student of Primary or Secondary school spends about 900 hours in class and between 1500 and 2000 in front of the TV. The author develops some audiovisual, academic activities that teachers could do with students in order to improve their abilities to watch television from a critical point of view.En España se calcula que un alumno de Primaria o Secundaria Obligatoria pasa en clase 900 horas y entre 1500 y 2000 frente al televisor. Si educar exige preparar a la ciudadanía para integrarse de una manera reflexiva y crítica en la sociedad, ¿cómo se integrarán unos ciudadanos que no están preparados para realizar de manera crítica aquella actividad a la que dedican más horas? El presente documento se estructura en dos partes: una primera donde se analizan los efectos de la TV que se tiene en la sociedad que vivimos, en la niñez y juventud y las posibles ideas que podrían servir para enseñar a ver TV. En una segunda, se describe algunas líneas de actuación en escuelas y familias que provoquen un aprendizaje en el visionado de la TV.


2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-15
Author(s):  
T.V. Chaychenko ◽  
M.O. Gonchar ◽  
T.O. Chumachenko ◽  
V.A. Klymenko ◽  
T. Samsonova ◽  
...  

SCHOOL-AGE CHILDREN AWARENESS OF THE CAUSES OF OBESITY AND ITS HEALTH RLATED OUTCOMESChaychenko T., Gonchar M., Chumachenko T., Klymenko V., Samsonenko T., Kharkova M.Childhood obesity is a serious medical condition affecting children and adolescents that can be prevented by life style modification. Therefore, school-age children awareness of the causes of obesity and its health related outcomes is very important. Subjects Methods This work is a part of the complex project “Assessment of the current nutritional status, nutrition-related health problems in school-age children in Ukraine”. The total number of participants is 392 school-age children who were grouped by the age:primary school (75 children aged 6–9), secondary school (202 children aged 10–14) and high school (115 children aged 15–18). Original questionnaire was elaborated for the survey, consisting of both multiple choice questions and “open questions” that encouraged children to give their own idea with the purpose of understanding a real awareness of the problem. Answers to the open questions about the causes and effects of obesity were assessed. Results One third of respondents regardless of age (primary school, – 29.31%, secondary school – 29.21%, high school – 33.04%, p>0.05) understood that obesity can cause serious health problems and the most detrimental changes can occur in the cardiovascular system.It was established that self-controlled situations were named as the main causatives of the obesityby more than half of surveyed children (53.33% of primary school, 53.46% of secondary school children and 41.74% high school children, p>0.05). We established that less than 10% of children were not aware of the causes of obesity and possible outcomes. Meantime, 30% of respondents were not prone to give any answer. Conclusions: Regardless of age school-children are aware of health-related problems. Special education programs are necessary for all school-age children with the purpose of developing the responsibility for the health in their adult lifeKey words: Obesity, causes of overweight, school-age children,social education program.  УСВІДОМЛЕННЯ ДІТЬМИ ШКЛЬНОГО ВІКУ ПРИЧИН ТА НАСЛІДКІВ ОЖИРІННЯ, ЩО ПОВ'ЯЗАНІ ЗІ СТАНОМ ЗДОРОВ'ЯЧайченко Т., Гончарь М., Чумаченко Т., Клименко В., Самсоненко Т., Харькова М.Ожиріння в дитячому віці є серйозним захворюванням, яке уражає дітей та підлітків, але яможе бути попереджено зміною стилю життя. Тому дуже важливо знати, ступень усвідомлення дітьми шкільного віку причин ожиріння та його наслідків, пов'язаних зі здоров'ям. Ця робота є частиною комплексного проекту «Оцінка нутріційного статусу та проблем, пов'язаних з харчуванням дітей шкільного віку в Україні». Загальна кількість учасників - 392 дітей шкільного віку, які були згруповані за віком: початкова школа (75 дітей у віці 6–9 років), середня школа (202 дитини віком 10–14 років) та старша школа (115 дітей у віці 15–18 років). Оригінальна анкета була розроблена для опитування та складається з питань типа вибору з декількох опці та «відкритих питань», які заохочували дітей давати свою власну відповідь з метою розуміння реальної обізнаності з проблеми. Оцінювалися відповіді на відкриті питання про причини та наслідки ожиріння. Третина респондентів незалежно від віку (початкова школа - 29,31%, середня школа - 29,21%, старша школа - 33,04%, p> 0,05) розуміють, що ожиріння може викликати суттєві проблеми зі здоров'ям та найбільш серйозні зміни можуть відбуватися у серцево-судинній системі. Встановлено, що самоконтрольовані ситуації були названі основними причинами ожиріння більш ніж половиною опитаних дітей (53,33% дітей початкової школи, 53,46% дітей середньої школи та 41,74% дітей старшої школи > 0,05). Ми встановили, що менше 10% дітей не усвідомлюють причини ожиріння та його можливі наслідки. Проте 30% респондентів не схильні надавати жодної відповіді. Отже, незалежно від віку школярі знають про проблеми, пов'язані зі здоров'ям, спричинені ожирінням. Спеціальні освітні програми необхідні для всіх дітей шкільного віку з метою розвитку відповідальності за здоров'я у дорослому житті.Ключові слова: Ожиріння, причини надмірної ваги, діти шкільного віку, програми соціальної освітиОСОЗНАНИЕ ДЕТЬМИ ШКОЛЬНОГО ВОЗРАСТА ПРИЧИН И ПОСЛЕДСТВИЙ ОЖИРЕНИЯ, СВЯЗАННЫХ С СОСТОЯНИЕМ ЗДОРОВЬЯЧайченко Т., Гончарь М., Чумаченко Т., Клименко В., Самсоненко Т., Харькова М.Ожирение в детском возрасте является серьезным заболеванием, которое поражает детей и подростков, но может быть предотвращено изменением образа жизни. Поэтому очень важно знать, степень осознания детьми школьного возраста причин ожирения и его последствий, связанных со здоровьем. Эта работа является частью комплексного проекта «Оценка нутриционного статуса и проблем, связанных с питанием детей школьного возраста в Украине». Общее количество участников - 392 детей школьного возраста, которые были сгруппированы по возрасту: начальная школа (75 детей в возрасте 6-9 лет), средняя школа (202 ребенка в возрасте 10-14 лет) и старшая школа (115 детей в возрасте 15-18 лет). Оригинальная анкета была разработана для опроса и состоит из вопросов типа выбора из нескольких опций «открытых вопросов», которые поощряли детей давать свой собственный ответ с целью понимания реальной осведомленности по проблеме. Оценивались ответы на открытые вопросы о причинах и последствиях ожирения. Треть респондентов независимо от возраста (начальная школа - 29,31%, средняя школа - 29,21%, старшая школа - 33,04%, p <0,05) понимают, что ожирение может вызвать существенные проблемы со здоровьем и наиболее серьезные изменения могут происходить в сердечно-сосудистой системе. Установлено, что самоконтролируемые ситуации были названы основными причинами ожирения более чем половиной опрошенных детей (53,33% детей начальной школы, 53,46% детей средней школы и 41,74% детей старшей школы> 0,05). Мы установили, что менее 10% детей не осознают причины ожирения и его возможные последствия. Однако 30% респондентов склонны уходить от  ответов на вопросы. Таким образом, независимо от возраста школьники знают о проблемах, связанных со здоровьем, вызванных ожирением. Специальные образовательные программы необходимы для всех детей школьного возраста с целью формирования ответственности за здоровье во взрослой жизни.Ключевые слова: Ожирение, причины избыточного веса, дети школьного возраста, программы социального образования


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