scholarly journals Brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels in newly diagnosed patients with bipolar disorder, their unaffected first-degree relatives and healthy controls

BJPsych Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nanna Aagaard Petersen ◽  
Marc Østergaard Nielsen ◽  
Klara Coello ◽  
Sharleny Stanislaus ◽  
Sigurd Melbye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Neurotrophic Factor ◽  
Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
First Degree Relatives ◽  
Duration Of Illness ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Medication Status

Background Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), which facilitates neuroplasticity and synaptogenesis, may be decreased in bipolar disorder, but has not been systematically investigated in people with newly diagnosed bipolar disorder and unaffected first-degree relatives. Aims To compare BDNF levels in patients with newly diagnosed bipolar disorder, their unaffected first-degree relatives and healthy controls. Method The study investigated plasma BDNF levels in patients (n = 371) with newly diagnosed bipolar disorder, their unaffected first-degree relatives (n = 98) and healthy controls (n = 200) using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. We further investigated associations between BDNF levels and illness-related variables and medication status. Results BDNF levels were found to be 22.0% (95% CI 1.107–1.343) higher in patients with bipolar disorder compared with healthy controls (P < 0.001) and 15.6% higher in unaffected first-degree relatives compared with healthy controls (95% CI 1.007–1.327, P = 0.04), when adjusting for age and gender. Further, BDNF levels were positively associated with duration of illness at a trend level (P = 0.05), age (P = 0.001) and use of anti-epileptic medication (P = 0.05). Conclusions These findings suggest that BDNF levels are not decreased in the early stages of bipolar disorder and in unaffected first-degree relatives contrasting with prior findings during later stages of the illness.

scholarly journals Increased oxidative stress as a mechanism for decreased BDNF levels in acute manic episodes

2008 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 243-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flávio Kapczinski ◽  
Benício N Frey ◽  
Ana C Andreazza ◽  
Márcia Kauer-Sant'Anna ◽  
Ângelo B M Cunha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Neurotrophic Factor ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor ◽  
Oxidative Status ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances ◽  
Low Levels

OBJECTIVE AND METHOD: There is a growing amount of data indicating that alterations in brain-derived neurotrophic factor and increased oxidative stress may play a role in the pathophysiology of bipolar disorder. In light of recent evidence demonstrating that brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels are decreased in situations of increased oxidative stress, we have examined the correlation between serum thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, a measure of lipid peroxidation, and serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels in bipolar disorder patients during acute mania and in healthy controls. RESULTS: Serum thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels were negatively correlated in bipolar disorder patients (r = -0.56; p = 0.001), whereas no significant correlation was observed in the control group.. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that alterations in oxidative status may be mechanistically associated with abnormal low levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor observed in individuals with bipolar disorder.

Changes in Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Following Treatment with Mifepristone in Bipolar Disorder and Schizophrenia

2007 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 321-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Mackin ◽  
Peter Gallagher ◽  
Stuart Watson ◽  
Allan H. Young ◽  
I. Nicol Ferrier
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Neurotrophic Factor ◽  
Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor ◽  
Crossover Design ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Patient Groups ◽  
Cortisol Levels

Objective: Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is stress-responsive and has been implicated in a number of disparate neuropsychiatric disorders. Glucocorticoid antagonists have been shown to have beneficial effects on mood and cognitive function in bipolar disorder but not in schizophrenia. The aim of the present study was to investigate BDNF levels in patients with bipolar disorder and schizophrenia before and after treatment with the glucocorticoid receptor antagonist mifepristone. Methods: Peripheral BDNF levels were measured in patients with bipolar disorder (n=20), schizophrenia (n=20) and 14 matched healthy controls following 7 days of adjunctive mifepristone (600 mg day−1) treatment in a double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover design study. Results: Baseline BDNF values were similar in both patient groups and in healthy controls. Following treatment with mifepristone, cortisol levels were significantly increased and BDNF levels decreased in both schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. A significant correlation existed between change in cortisol level and change in BDNF levels following mifepristone treatment in schizophrenia, but not in bipolar disorder. Conclusion: Differing BDNF responses to increasing cortisol levels between patients with schizophrenia and with bipolar disorder may reflect underlying pathophysiological mechanisms.

scholarly journals Association of brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) with inflammation in psoriasis

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 72-76
Author(s):  
Hamidraza Moqaddasi ◽  
Ashok Kumar Dubey ◽  
Shitij Goel ◽  
Suparna Dubey   ◽  
Gopi Krishna Maddali
Keyword(s):  
Plaque Psoriasis ◽  
Neurotrophic Factor ◽  
Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor ◽  
Sensory Innervation ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Inflammatory Disorder ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Severe Plaque Psoriasis ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Disorder ◽  
Organ Systems

Background: Psoriasis is a common immune mediated chronic inflammatory disorder characterized by involvement of skin and other organ systems. Brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) which has various roles in the nervous system, is also involved in cutaneous sensory innervation. Apremilast is a relatively new drug indicated for moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis. Aims and Objective: The present study aimed to explore the BDNF levels in moderate to severe plaque psoriasis and analyse the variation in the levels, if any, in response to apremilast therapy. Materials and Methods: Blood samples from patients of psoriasis (n=24), of either sex and age ≥18 years suitable to be prescribed apremilast as standard treatment, were taken on initial and subsequent follow up visit after two months of therapy. Sample from matched controls were also evaluated. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit (QUAYEE-BIO) and microplate reader (at 450 nm) were used to determine BDNF values. Sample concentrations in each plate were calculated from standard curves and dilution factors. Results: The BDNF values in healthy controls had a mean of 25.14 ± 14.21 ng/mL. The baseline values in the patients had a mean of 72.49± 9.05 ng/mL. The values in the patients after apremilast therapy had a mean of 63.60± 9.53 ng/mL. Conclusion: BDNF levels are significantly increased in patients with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis. Apremilast therapy significantly reduced the raised BDNF levels in such patients, though the reduced level was still significantly higher than the levels in normal healthy controls. Rather than being linked to any neurobehavioral component, the BDNF levels predominantly appear to be linked to the underlying inflammation in psoriasis.

scholarly journals Response Processes to Looming Appetitive and Aversive Cues in Euthymic Bipolar Patients and Their First-Degree Relatives: An Exploratory Study

2020 ◽  
pp. 025371762097528
Author(s):  
Velprashanth Venkatesan ◽  
Christoday R J Khess ◽  
Umesh Shreekantiah ◽  
Nishant Goyal ◽  
K. K. Kshitiz
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Sensitivity To Reward ◽  
Bipolar Group ◽  
First Degree Relatives ◽  
Vulnerability Model ◽  
Increased Sensitivity ◽  
Appetitive Cues ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Bipolar Patients

Background: Patients with bipolar disorder demonstrate increased sensitivity to appetitive/rewarding stimuli even during euthymia. On presentation of arousing pictures, they show a peculiar response, suggesting heightened vigilance. While responding to looming arousing cues, studies show subjects with anxiety spectrum disorders exhibit increased reaction time (RT), explained by the “looming-vulnerability model.” This study aimed to investigate the responses to looming arousing cues in euthymic bipolar patients and their first-degree relatives, as compared to healthy controls. Method: A looming appetitive and aversive cue paradigm was designed for assessing the RT of patients to process appetitive and aversive cues. The behavioral inhibition/activation and sensitivity to reward/punishment amongst the groups were also assessed. Results: The bipolar group showed significantly longer RT to process appetitive cues irrespective of the looming condition. Aversive cues elicited significantly longer RT in both the bipolar group and in first-degree relatives, but only when presented with the looming condition. Significant looming bias was elicited in the bipolar group which suggested a particular cognitive style to looming cues. A composite measure of RT along with sensitivity to reward/punishment distinguishes the bipolar group and their first-degree relatives from the healthy controls. Conclusion: The looming vulnerability model may provide important insights for future exploration of cognitive endophenotypes in bipolar disorder.

Stressful life events and the brain-derived neurotrophic factor gene in bipolar disorder

2010 ◽  
Vol 125 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 345-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgina M. Hosang ◽  
Rudolf Uher ◽  
Robert Keers ◽  
Sarah Cohen-Woods ◽  
Ian Craig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Neurotrophic Factor ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
Factor Gene ◽  
The Brain

Thirty-year cardiovascular risk score in patients with newly diagnosed bipolar disorder and their unaffected first-degree relatives

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (7) ◽  
pp. 651-662 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klara Coello ◽  
Hanne L Kjærstad ◽  
Sharleny Stanislaus ◽  
Sigurd Melbye ◽  
Maria Faurholt-Jepsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Risk Score ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
First Degree Relatives ◽  
Age And Sex

Objectives: Bipolar disorder is associated with a decreased life expectancy of 8–12 years. Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of excess mortality. For the first time, we investigated the Framingham 30-year risk score of cardiovascular disease in patients with newly diagnosed/first-episode bipolar disorder, their unaffected first-degree relatives and healthy individuals. Methods: In a cross-sectional study, we compared the Framingham 30-year risk score of cardiovascular disease in 221 patients with newly diagnosed/first-episode bipolar disorder, 50 of their unaffected first-degree relatives and 119 healthy age- and sex-matched individuals with no personal or first-degree family history of affective disorder. Among patients with bipolar disorder, we further investigated medication- and illness-related variables associated with cardiovascular risk. Results: The 30-year risk of cardiovascular disease was 98.5% higher in patients with bipolar disorder ( p = 0.017) and 85.4% higher in unaffected first-degree relatives ( p = 0.042) compared with healthy individuals in models adjusted for age and sex. When categorizing participants in low cardiovascular risk without considering age and sex distribution among participants, 81% of patients were at low risk, versus 92% of unaffected relatives and 89% of healthy individuals. Of the patients 209 (94.6%) were diagnosed within the preceding 2 years. Smoking was more prevalent among patients with bipolar disorder (45.2%) and their unaffected first-degree relatives (20.4%) compared with healthy individuals (12.8%). Similarly, dyslipidemia was more common among patients with bipolar disorder compared with healthy individuals. Treatment with psychotropic medication with metabolic adverse effects was associated with higher 30-year cardiovascular disease risk score, whereas we did not find illness-related variables associated with cardiovascular risk among patients with bipolar disorder. Conclusion: We found an enhanced cardiovascular disease risk score in patients with newly diagnosed bipolar disorder and their unaffected first-degree relatives, which points to a need for specific primary preventive interventions against smoking and dyslipidemia in these populations.

scholarly journals Increased levels of VCAM-1 in sera and VLA-4 expression on neutrophils in dermatomyositis with interstitial lung disease

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meiyi Lin ◽  
Xudong Liu ◽  
Chunshu Yang ◽  
Shan Zhao ◽  
Bailing Tian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interstitial Lung Disease ◽  
Lung Disease ◽  
Diffuse Alveolar Damage ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
High Resolution Computed Tomography ◽  
Peripheral Blood Neutrophil ◽  
Late Antigen ◽  
And Gender

Abstract Background: Vascular cell adhesion molecule-1(VCAM-1) and its ligand very late antigen (VLA-4) play important roles in many autoimmune diseases. Our study aimed to investigate serum VCAM-1 level and VLA-4 expression on peripheral blood neutrophil surface in patients with dermatomyositis (DM), especially focusing on patients with interstitial lung disease(ILD). Methods: Blood specimens of 30 patients with DM and 30 healthy controls matched for age and gender were recruited. Total serum VCAM-1 level was measured using commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and the percentages of VLA-4 expression on the surface of neutrophils were analyzed by flow cytometry. We divided patients into subgroups according to whether they had ILD and whether they exhibited diffuse alveolar damage (DAD) via high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT).Results: Serum VCAM-1 levels were increased in DM patients compared with healthy controls (p<0.001). Patients with DM-ILD had higher serum VCAM-1 levels than those with none-ILD (p=0.015). The VCAM-1 levels were significantly increased in the DM-DAD group compared to the none-DAD group (p=0.002). The percentages of VLA-4 expression on neutrophils surface in DM patients were significantly elevated than that in healthy controls (p<0.001). The percentage of VLA-4 expression on neutrophils in DM patients with ILD were higher than none-ILD group(p=0.013). In the patients with ILD, DAD group had higher percentage of VLA-4 expression on neutrophils than none-DAD group (p=0.008).Conclusions: Our findings indicated that serum VCAM-1 level could be used as a potential serological biomarker for DM-ILD.

Hair cortisol in newly diagnosed bipolar disorder and unaffected first-degree relatives

2019 ◽  
Vol 99 ◽  
pp. 183-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klara Coello ◽  
Klaus Munkholm ◽  
Flemming Nielsen ◽  
Maj Vinberg ◽  
Lars Vedel Kessing
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Hair Cortisol ◽  
First Degree Relatives

scholarly journals Association between plasma levels of BDNF and the antisuicidal effects of repeated ketamine infusions in depression with suicidal ideation

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 204512532097379
Author(s):  
Wei Zheng ◽  
Yan-Ling Zhou ◽  
Cheng-Yu Wang ◽  
Xiao-Feng Lan ◽  
Bin Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Neurotrophic Factor ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Depressed Patients ◽  
Over Time

Background: This study is the first to examine the association between plasma levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and the antisuicidal effects of repeated ketamine infusions in depressed patients with suicidal ideation. Methods: Fifty-seven depressed patients with suicidal ideation received six ketamine infusions (0.5 mg/kg) during a 12 days period. Suicidality was measured with the Scale for Suicidal Ideations (SSI-part 1), item 10 of the Montgomery–Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS), and item 3 of the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD) at baseline, 1 day after the first infusion (1 day), 1 day after the sixth infusion (13 days), and at 2 weeks after the last infusion (26 days). Plasma levels of BDNF were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay at baseline, 13 days, and 26 days. Results: Overall, 46 (80.7%) depressed patients with suicidal ideation had an antisuicidal response at 13 days. Despite a significant reduction in suicidal symptoms over time, no changes in plasma levels of BDNF were found after ketamine treatment when compared with baseline. Correlation analysis showed that no significant association was observed between the plasma levels of BDNF and the changes in the severity of suicidal symptoms as measured by SSI-part 1, item 10 of the MADRS, or item 3 of the HAMD at 1 day, 13 days, and 26 days (all p < 0.05). Conclusion: Our results indicated that plasma levels of BDNF may not serve as a biomarker for determining the antisuicidal effects of six ketamine infusions in depressed patients with suicidal ideation.

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