scholarly journals The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on symptom subtypes of obsessive-compulsive disorder: a cross-sectional study

BJPsych Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (S1) ◽  
pp. S253-S254
Author(s):  
Athanasios Hassoulas ◽  
Katja Umla-Runge ◽  
Olivia Adams ◽  
Madeline Scurlock-Green ◽  
Abeer Zahir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Media Coverage ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Symptom Dimensions ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Impact Measure ◽  
The Impact

AimsSince the COVID-19 outbreak was declared a global pandemic, public health messages have emphasised the importance of frequent handwashing in limiting the transmission of the virus. Whilst crucial in controlling transmission, such messaging may have an adverse effect on individuals with OCD. The primary aim of this study was to investigate any significant changes to handwashing behaviour, as well as other related hygiene behaviours, across all symptom dimensions of OCD. The frequency of engaging with pandemic-related media coverage was also considered across all symptom subtypes.MethodA cross-sectional study was conducted, with a total of 332 participants recruited. Participants who scored above the optimal cut-off score on the Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory Revised edition (OCI-R) were included in the analysis (n = 254). Scores on the six subscales of the OCI-R were correlated with responses to a COVID-19 Impact measure.ResultFactor analysis of the COVID-19 Impact measure revealed that items loaded on two components of the measure (handwashing and distress-avoidance). A significant correlation was revealed between the handwashing component and the OCI-R washing subscale (rs = 0.523, p = 0.0001), as well as between distress-avoidance and the OCI-R washing and ordering subscales (s = −0.227, p = 0.0001; rs = −0.159, p = 0.006). Content analysis revealed disruption to treatment delivery and worsening symptom severity in participants with contamination-related OCD.ConclusionThe pandemic has had a significant impact on individuals with contamination-related OCD symptoms, in relation to symptom severity and treatment disruption. Consideration should be given to targeted support tailored to patients with this subtype of OCD.

scholarly journals Investigating the Association Between Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Symptom Subtypes and Health Anxiety as Impacted by the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 003329412110404
Author(s):  
Athanasios Hassoulas ◽  
Katja Umla-Runge ◽  
Abeer Zahid ◽  
Olivia Adams ◽  
Madeline Green ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Anxiety ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Treatment Delivery ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder Symptom ◽  
Impact Measure

Background Since the COVID-19 outbreak was declared a global pandemic, public health messages have emphasised the importance of frequent handwashing in limiting the transmission of the virus. Whilst crucial in controlling transmission, such messaging may have an adverse effect on individuals with OCD. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted, with a total of 332 participants recruited. Participants who scored above the optimal cut-off score on the Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory Revised edition (OCI-R) were included in the analysis (n = 254). Scores on the six subscales of the OCI-R were correlated with responses to a COVID-19 Impact measure. Results Factor analysis of the COVID-19 Impact measure revealed that items loaded on two components of the measure (handwashing and distress-avoidance). Canonical correlation analyses revealed significant associations between the OCI-R subscales and COVID-19 Impact measure, F (12, 490) = 8.14, p = 0.001, and the SHAI subscales with the COVID-19 Impact Measure, F (4, 498) = 8.18, p = 0.001). Specifically, washing and checking OCI-R subscales correlated with both components of the COVID-19 Impact measure, as did the health anxiety and beliefs SHAI subscales. Content analysis revealed disruption to treatment delivery and worsening symptom severity in participants with contamination-related OCD. Discussion Contamination and checking OCD subtypes have been associated with increased hand-washing behaviour and avoidance of distress-inducing cues. Consideration should be given to targeted support tailored to patients with these subtypes of OCD.

scholarly journals Cross-sectional study of internalised stigma and medication adherence in patients with obsessive compulsive disorder

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. e100180
Author(s):  
Eram Ansari ◽  
Sudha Mishra ◽  
Adarsh Tripathi ◽  
Sujita Kumar Kar ◽  
Pronob Kumar Dalal
Keyword(s):  
Medication Adherence ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Adherence To Treatment ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Current Medication

BackgroundPatients suffering from psychiatric disorders tend to stigmatise themselves which had been linked to poor adherence to treatment.AimsThe aim of the present study was to study internalised stigma and medication adherence and to assess the relationship between them in patients with obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD).MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted on 112 patients diagnosed with OCD who were attending the Out-patient's department at Department of Psychiatry of a tertiary care hospital in North India. Internalised stigma and current medication adherence were assessed with Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness Scale (ISMI) and Medication Adherence Rating Scale, respectively. Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale was used to assess the current severity of OCD symptoms. Sociodemographic and clinical details were also obtained from the patients by using a semistructured sociodemographic proforma.ResultsMost of the patients reported moderate level of internalised stigma with a mean ISMI score of 77.98 (10.82). Most of the patients were compliant while 41.96% reported poor medication adherence. Internalised stigma was negatively correlated with the current medication adherence. Current severity of OCD symptoms also showed a significant positive correlation with internalised stigma and a significant negative correlation with medication adherence.ConclusionHigh levels of internalised stigma were associated with lower adherence to treatment which suggests that internalised stigma may be a very important factor influencing medication adherence in patients with OCD.

Low hair cortisol concentrations in obsessive compulsive disorder: A cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 131 ◽  
pp. 187-193
Author(s):  
Elli Koumantarou Malisiova ◽  
Iraklis Mourikis ◽  
Thodoris Chalimourdas ◽  
Nikolaos Nianiakas ◽  
Maria Michou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hair Cortisol ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Compulsive Disorder

scholarly journals A cross-sectional study of the phenomenology of obsessive-compulsive disorder

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 7572-7576
Author(s):  
Sivabalan E ◽  
Amritha Prasad ◽  
Thirunavukarasu M
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Clinical Syndrome ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Phenomenological Studies ◽  
Social Demographic

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a clinical syndrome whose hallmarks are excessive, anxiety-evoking thoughts and compulsive behaviours that are generally recognised as unreasonable, but which cause significant distress and impairment. Heterogeneous nature of OCD presentation makes its conceptualisation as a complicated one. Phenomenological studies are needed to understand various heterogeneity OCD. This study is intended to see various phenomenological subtypes of OCD in the local population. This is a hospital-based cross-sectional study. Two hundred consecutive OCD patients attending psychiatry OPD analysed for the various social-demographic features and phenomenological findings. In our study, 48% of the sample had only obsessions, 19% had only compulsions, while 33% had a mixed presentation, studying the subtypes, the study revealed that 36.5% of the sample who presented with fear of contamination and 11.5 % samples have an aggressive obsession and another 11.5 % samples have symmetry obsession. 28% had contamination obsessions, 9% had sexual obsessions, 7% had somatic obsessions while 9% had religious obsessions, and 6% had various types of obsessions. When compulsion was assessed, it was found to be checking 28(77.8%), cleaning 25 (69%), repeating 18(50%), counting 6(16%), ordering 4 (11%), collecting 4(11%) and miscellaneous 15(42%) when subtyped. Studying the phenomenological pattern in OCD patient would help in better understanding of the illness of the patients, it also tries to attempt the relationship between sociocultural issues and OCD. Though the neurobiology is similar in all individuals, phenomenology differs between individuals concerning gender, religion and culture.

scholarly journals Symptoms Analysis of Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder in Adolescents and Adults in a Teaching Hospital

2014 ◽  
Vol 52 (194) ◽  
pp. 780-784 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bharat Kumar Goit ◽  
Shree Ram Ghimire
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Symptom Dimensions ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Symptoms ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Medical College ◽  
National Medical ◽  
Adolescents And Adults

Introduction: Obsessive-compulsive disorder has a broadly diverse clinical expression that reflects heterogeneity. Several studies have identified consistent symptom dimensions of obsessivecompulsive disorder. The purpose of this study was to conduct an exploratory symptoms analysis of obsessive-compulsive symptoms in adolescents and adults with obsessive-compulsive disorder. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in the Department of Psychiatry, National Medical College. This study examined lifetime occurrence of obsessive-compulsive symptoms included in the 13 symptom categories of the Yale–Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale. Symptoms analysis was performed on 60 patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder. Eight categories of obsessions and six categories of compulsions from Yale–Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale were included in the analyses. SPSS software package (version 16) was used to analyze the data and shown in the table. Results: Of 60 adolescents and adults, female and male were in the ratio of 1.2:1. Contamination was the most common occurring obsession followed by aggressive obsession. The most common occurring compulsion was checking followed by washing. Only a minority of patients (13.33%) presented predominantly with obsessions however 18.33% patients presented predominantly with compulsions. Certain obsessions and compulsions co-occur to form a cluster. Conclusions: In adolescents and adults, obsessive-compulsive disorder is a multidimensional disorder. Symptom dimensions are predominantly congruent with those described in similar studies of adults with obsessive-compulsive disorder. Keywords: compulsion; obsession; obsessive-compulsive disorder.

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