scholarly journals Changes in treatment status of patients with severe mental illness in rural China, 1994–2015

BJPsych Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mao-Sheng Ran ◽  
Xue Weng ◽  
Yu-Jun Liu ◽  
Tian-Ming Zhang ◽  
Yue-Hui Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Severe Mental Illness ◽  
Family Caregivers ◽  
Mental Status ◽  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Rural China ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Treatment Status ◽  
Poor Family

BackgroundAlthough it is crucial to improve the treatment status of people with severe mental illness (SMI), it is still unknown whether and how socioeconomic development influences their treatment status.AimsTo explore the change in treatment status in people with SMI from 1994 to 2015 in rural China and to examine the factors influencing treatment status in those with SMI.MethodTwo mental health surveys using identical methods and ICD-10 were conducted in 1994 and 2015 (population ≥15 years old, n = 152 776) in the same six townships of Xinjin County, Chengdu, China.ResultsCompared with 1994, individuals with SMI in 2015 had significantly higher rates of poor family economic status, fewer family caregivers, longer duration of illness, later age at first onset and poor mental status. Participants in 2015 had significantly higher rates of never being treated, taking antipsychotic drugs and ever being admitted to hospital, and lower rates of using traditional Chinese medicine or being treated by traditional/spiritual healers. The factors strongly associated with never being treated included worse mental status (symptoms/social functioning), older age, having no family caregivers and poor family economic status.ConclusionsSocioeconomic development influences the treatment status of people with SMI in contemporary rural China. Relative poverty, having no family caregivers and older age are important factors associated with a worse treatment status. Culture-specific, community-based interventions and targeted poverty-alleviation programmes should be developed to improve the early identification, treatment and recovery of individuals with SMI in rural China.Declaration of interestNone.

Change of poverty and outcome of persons with severe mental illness in rural China, 1994-2015

2020 ◽  
pp. 002076402095123
Author(s):  
Xinyi Zhao ◽  
Yue-Hui Yu ◽  
Man-Man Peng ◽  
Wei Luo ◽  
Shi-Hui Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Severe Mental Illness ◽  
Work Ability ◽  
Rural China ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Relative Poverty ◽  
Poor Family ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Poverty Status

Background: It is unknown whether and how poverty influences the long-term outcome of persons with severe mental illness (SMI). Aims: To explore the change of poverty status in persons with SMI from 1994 to 2015 and examine the impact of poverty status on patients’ outcome in rural China. Method: Two mental health surveys using identical methods and International Classification of Disease (ICD-10) were conducted in 1994 and 2015 in the same six townships of Xinjin County, Chengdu, China. Results: The annual net income per person was 19.8% and 100.2% higher for the general population than for persons with SMI in 1994 and 2015 respectively. Compared with 1994 (48.2%), persons with SMI in 2015 had significantly higher rates of poor family economic status (<mean) (65.2%) ( p < .001). Persons with SMI in poor family economic status were significantly more likely to be male, unmarried, unable to work, with no family caregivers or a smaller number of family members, and in poor mental status in 1994 and 2015 (p < .05). The risk factors significantly associated with patients’ poor mental status included poor work ability, younger age of first onset, never-treated status and poor family economic status. Conclusions: Relative poverty of persons with SMI has become more severe during the rapid socioeconomic development in rural China. Relative poverty of household, poor work ability, younger age of onset and never-treated status are risk factors of poor outcome. Culture-specific, community-based interventions and targeted poverty alleviation programs should improve patients’ early identification, treatment and recovery.

scholarly journals Household poverty in people with severe mental illness in rural China: 1994–2015

BJPsych Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue-Hui Yu ◽  
Wei Luo ◽  
Man-Xi He ◽  
Xin Yang ◽  
Bo Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Severe Mental Illness ◽  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Rural China ◽  
Work And Family ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Household Poverty ◽  
Poor Households ◽  
Icd 10

Background Little is known about poverty trends in people with severe mental illness (SMI) over a long time span, especially under conditions of fast socioeconomic development. Aims This study aims to unravel changes in household poverty levels among people with SMI in a fast-changing rural community in China. Method Two mental health surveys, using ICD-10, were conducted in the same six townships of Xinjin county, Chengdu, China. A total of 711 and 1042 people with SMI identified in 1994 and 2015, respectively, participated in the study. The Foster-Greer-Thorbecke poverty index was adopted to measure the changes in household poverty. These changes were decomposed into effects of growth and equity using a static decomposition method. Factors associated with household poverty in 1994 and 2015 were examined and compared by regression analyses. Results The proportion of poor households, as measured by the headcount ratio, increased significantly from 29.8% in 1994 to 39.5% in 2015. Decomposition showed that poverty in households containing people with SMI had worsened because of a redistribution effect. Factors associated with household poverty had also changed during the study period. The patient's age, ability to work and family size were of paramount significance in 2015. Conclusions This study shows that the levels of poverty faced by households containing people with SMI has become more pressing with China's fast socioeconomic development. It calls for further integration of mental health recovery and targeted antipoverty interventions for people with SMI as a development priority.

scholarly journals Changes of family structure and treatment status of people with severe mental illness in rural China: a comparative study from 1994 to 2015

The Lancet ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 394 ◽  
pp. S40
Author(s):  
Mao-Sheng Ran ◽  
Man-Man Peng ◽  
Yue-Hui Yu ◽  
Tian-Ming Zhang ◽  
Wei Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Family Structure ◽  
Severe Mental Illness ◽  
Rural China ◽  
Treatment Status

scholarly journals Evaluation of an interaction-skills training for reducing the burden of family caregivers of patients with severe mental illness: a pre-posttest design

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasmin Gharavi ◽  
Barbara Stringer ◽  
Adriaan Hoogendoorn ◽  
Jan Boogaarts ◽  
Bas Van Raaij ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Severe Mental Illness ◽  
Family Caregivers ◽  
Skills Training ◽  
Interaction Skills

scholarly journals The experiences of family caregivers of people with severe mental illness in the Middle East: A systematic review and meta-synthesis of qualitative data

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. e0254351
Author(s):  
Aisha Hamed Alyafei ◽  
Taghrid Alqunaibet ◽  
Hassan Mansour ◽  
Afia Ali ◽  
Jo Billings
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Severe Mental Illness ◽  
Family Caregivers ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Middle East Countries

Background There is a wealth of literature exploring the experiences of family caregivers of people with severe mental illness (SMI) in western countries, however, this topic has been neglected in the Middle East, despite families being the main source of caregiving in this context. The purpose of this review was to conduct a systematic review and qualitative meta-synthesis to explore the experiences of family caregivers living in countries in the Middle East caring for a relative with severe mental illness. Methods A systematic review and meta-synthesis were conducted, to comprehensively gain a thorough and detailed overview of what is known about family caregivers’ experiences from published qualitative research in the Middle East geographical area from inception to May 2021. The review protocol was pre-registered with PROSPERO (Ref: CRD42020165519). Results The review identified twelve qualitative studies that explored caregivers’ experiences of caring for relatives with SMI in Middle East countries. Family caregivers’ experiences were captured under seven overarching themes. The participants across all studies reported negative consequences of providing care, increased burden and emotional distress. Many experienced issues with family/marital relationships and stigmatizing attitudes and behaviours from their communities. Caregivers expressed the need for increased support which was perceived to have a critical role in improving family caregivers’ experiences. Conclusions The meta-synthesis revealed many challenges and issues that affect caregivers of people with SMI in the Middle East. Family caregivers experienced distress and burden, and reported significant impact on their psychological well-being. Their experiences highlight the urgent need to provide more support for family caregivers in Middle East countries.

scholarly journals The Influence of Social Support and Care Burden on Depression among Caregivers of Patients with Severe Mental Illness in Rural Areas of Sichuan, China

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. 1961 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaxia Sun ◽  
Jingjing Ge ◽  
Hongdao Meng ◽  
Zhiguo Chen ◽  
Danping Liu
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Severe Mental Illness ◽  
Family Caregivers ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Sichuan Province ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Psychological Consequences ◽  
Care Burden

Depression is one of the most common psychological consequences of caregiving. Caring for patients with severe mental illness (SMI) adds significant challenges to family caregivers’ mental health. The purpose of this study was to describe the prevalence of depression among caregivers of SMI patients in rural areas of Sichuan province of China, to examine the influence of social support and care burden on depression, and to explore the intermediary effect of care burden between social support and depression among caregivers of SMI patients. Data were collected from 256 primary caregivers of SMI patients in rural Sichuan Province in China. We used structural equation modeling (SEM) to test the hypothesized relationship among the variables. We found that a total of 53.5% of caregivers had depression. Both care burden (β = 0.599, 95%CI: 0.392–0.776) and social support (β = −0.307, 95%CI: (−0.494)–(−0.115)) were directly related to depression, while social support had a direct association with care burden (β = −0.506, 95%CI: (−0.672)–(−0.341)). Care burden mediated the relationship between social support and depression. For the socio-demographic variables, gender, education level and per capita annual income of household had significant correlations with depression (p < 0.05). The results strongly demonstrated that social support and care burden were predictors of depression, especially social support. Policymakers should fully recognize the role of primary family caregivers in caring for SMI patients and promote interventions to decrease care burden and reduce caregivers’ depression by improving social support and network. More attention should be given to female caregivers and caregivers with lower education and lower household income levels.

scholarly journals Barriers to Family Caregivers’ Coping With Patients With Severe Mental Illness in Iran

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 987-1001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hossein Ebrahimi ◽  
Naeimeh Seyedfatemi ◽  
Hossein Namdar Areshtanab ◽  
Fatemeh Ranjbar ◽  
Graham Thornicroft ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Mental Health Care ◽  
Severe Mental Illness ◽  
Family Caregivers ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Interview Method ◽  
Bipolar Affective Disorders

The broad spectrum of problems caused by caring for a patient with mental illness imposes a high burden on family caregivers. This can affect how they cope with their mentally ill family members. Identifying caregivers’ experiences of barriers to coping is necessary to develop a program to help them overcome these challenges. This qualitative content analysis study explored barriers impeding family caregivers’ ability to cope with their relatives diagnosed with severe mental illness (defined here as schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorders, and bipolar affective disorders). Sixteen family caregivers were recruited using purposive sampling and interviewed using a semi-structured in-depth interview method. Data were analyzed by a conventional content analytic approach. Findings consisted of four major categories: the patient’s isolation from everyday life, incomplete recovery, lack of support by the mental health care system, and stigmatization. Findings highlight the necessity of providing support for caregivers by the mental health care delivery service system.

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