scholarly journals Robert Spitzer's legacy: agreement is halfway to truth

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 198-199
Author(s):  
Peter Tyrer
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Diagnosis ◽  
Diagnostic Reliability ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
The Third

SummaryBob Spitzer died in December 2015 but is not likely to be forgotten quickly. His Herculean task in reforming psychiatric diagnosis, mainly by the development of the third edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders in 1980, has been acknowledged by many, but it remains unfinished. To complete the process, we need more than good diagnostic reliability, we need better veracity.Declaration of interestNone.

scholarly journals Responses to the Publication of the American Psychiatric Association’s DSM-5

2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (6) ◽  
pp. 625-649 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Kinderman ◽  
Kate Allsopp ◽  
Anne Cooke
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Diagnosis ◽  
Personal Perspective ◽  
Scholarly Journals ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Significant Change ◽  
International Summit

The idea and practice of diagnosis in psychiatry has always been controversial. Controversy came to a head in the period preceding and immediately after publication of the latest version of the American Psychiatric Association’s Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders–Fifth edition. There was widespread international discussion and debate not only in scholarly journals but in mainstream and social media, and to the formation of International DSM Response Committee and an International Summit on Psychiatric Diagnosis. This article documents that process and outlines the issues that provoked, and continue to provoke most controversy, from the (admittedly personal) perspective of those involved. It ends with suggestions of alternatives to diagnosis, which avoid some of these problems and outlines how these are being taken forward. The next 10 years are likely to see significant change.

Paying Attention to Attention Deficit Disorder

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 546-547
Author(s):  
John E. Schowalter
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Attention Deficit Disorder ◽  
Behavioral Problem ◽  
Research Activity ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
The Third ◽  
Diagnostic Label ◽  
Teachers And Parents

There is more research activity in and writing about hyperactivity than any other behavioral problem of childhood. Because "hyperactive" and "hyperkinetic" were used as descriptive words before they became a diagnosis, there is still understandable confusion on the part of many as to what the syndrome is and what to do about it. Perhaps the diagnostic label of "attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity," which is part of the third edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSMIII),1 will prove helpful. This term gives credit to the fact that poor attention and impulsivity are usually more of a problem to teachers and parents than is the hyperactivity.

Psychiatric Diagnosis as a Precursor to Research Diffi culties in Mental Health

2007 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-71
Author(s):  
Denise Russell
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Diagnosis ◽  
Mental Health Research ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Conceptual Core

The starting point for most mental health research is psychiatric diagnosis. If diagnoses are controversial or unreliable, then the results of the research will be difficult to interpret and its value will be undercut. The most widely used system of psychiatric diagnosis is found in the American Psychiatric Association’s Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. This article looks at the conceptual core of diagnosis in the latest manual, examines the definition of mental disorder, and exposes some key underlying conceptual issues especially with regard to the notions of “distress,” “impairment,” and “dysfunction.” The role of subjectivity and values in the application of these concepts is also stressed and discussed in relation to specific mental disorders.

scholarly journals Psychiatric diagnosis in legal settings

2005 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 4
Author(s):  
Alfred Allan
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
South African ◽  
Psychiatric Diagnosis ◽  
Case Law ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Dsm Iv

When asked to give a diagnosis in legal settings practitioners should be mindful of the tentative nature of psychiatric diag- noses and that courts require that such a diagnosis must have scientific credibility. South African courts are not explicit about the test they will apply to determine whether a diagno- sis is scientifically credible, but some guidance can be found in United States case law. This paper examines these criteria with reference to the disorders included in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV-TR).

Angststörungen – von der ICD-10 zur ICD-11

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Timo D. Vloet ◽  
Marcel Romanos
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
International Classification ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Icd 10

Zusammenfassung. Hintergrund: Nach 12 Jahren Entwicklung wird die 11. Version der International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) von der Weltgesundheitsorganisation (WHO) im Januar 2022 in Kraft treten. Methodik: Im Rahmen eines selektiven Übersichtsartikels werden die Veränderungen im Hinblick auf die Klassifikation von Angststörungen von der ICD-10 zur ICD-11 zusammenfassend dargestellt. Ergebnis: Die diagnostischen Kriterien der generalisierten Angststörung, Agoraphobie und spezifischen Phobien werden angepasst. Die ICD-11 wird auf Basis einer Lebenszeitachse neu organisiert, sodass die kindesaltersspezifischen Kategorien der ICD-10 aufgelöst werden. Die Trennungsangststörung und der selektive Mutismus werden damit den „regulären“ Angststörungen zugeordnet und können zukünftig auch im Erwachsenenalter diagnostiziert werden. Neu ist ebenso, dass verschiedene Symptomdimensionen der Angst ohne kategoriale Diagnose verschlüsselt werden können. Diskussion: Die Veränderungen im Bereich der Angsterkrankungen umfassen verschiedene Aspekte und sind in der Gesamtschau nicht unerheblich. Positiv zu bewerten ist die Einführung einer Lebenszeitachse und Parallelisierung mit dem Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5). Schlussfolgerungen: Die entwicklungsbezogene Neuorganisation in der ICD-11 wird auch eine verstärkte längsschnittliche Betrachtung von Angststörungen in der Klinik sowie Forschung zur Folge haben. Damit rückt insbesondere die Präventionsforschung weiter in den Fokus.

Validación de la escala de sintomas somáticos (SSS-8) en pacientes de una zona rural en Ecuador

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mercy García ◽  
Ernestina Tamami ◽  
Giovanni Rojas-Velasco ◽  
Carolina Posso ◽  
Galo Sánchez del Hierro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Somatic Symptom ◽  
Symptom Scale ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Calidad De Vida ◽  
Dsm V ◽  
Scale 8

Introducción.- Los síntomas somáticos causan malestar y afectan la calidad de  vida de los pacientes, incrementando la frecuencia del uso de los servicios de salud. En Ecuador no existe un instrumento validado que evalúe somatización. La escala Somatic Symtom Scale-8 (SSS-8), es un instrumento usado como medida de referencia en the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders(DSM-V), para evaluar la carga de síntomas somáticos, validada en inglés y adaptada culturalmente a los idiomas alemán y japonés. Objetivos.- En esta investigación el propósito fue validar la escala “Somatic Symptom Scale-8” y determinar sus propiedades métricas. Métodos.- Investigación descriptiva y transversal en la que se realizó la validación de la herramienta clínica SSS-8 en 401 pacientes en la consulta externa del hospital Pedro Vicente Maldonado, desde mayo a julio de 2017. Para el análisis de datos se utilizaron los programas estadísticos SPSS versión 23, Latent gold y EpiDat 3.1. Resultados.- El grupo mayoritario fue de 30 a 47 años, con ligero predominio del sexo masculino (con 52,6%) sobre el femenino (47,4%). El SSS-8 mostró adecuadas propiedades métricas (alfa de Cronbach de 0,73). Mediante este análisis se obtuvo que, los pacientes que respondieron: algo, bastante o muchísimo en las dimensiones sentirse cansado, dolor de cabeza, dolor de brazos y dolor de espalda; tenían un 99% de probabilidades de presentar somatización. Conclusiones.- En este estudio, el SSS-8 demostró ser una herramienta útil para evaluar los síntomas somáticos en pacientes que acuden a consulta externa, ya que presentó buenas propiedades métricas: consistencia interna elevada, buena validez y una apropiada capacidad discriminativa.

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