scholarly journals Management of the renal adverse effects of lithium

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 457-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumeet Gupta ◽  
Mukesh Kripalani ◽  
Udayan Khastgir ◽  
Joe Reilly
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Renal Failure ◽  
Nephrotic Syndrome ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Psychotropic Drugs ◽  
Therapeutic Index ◽  
Urinary Concentration ◽  
Blood Tests ◽  
Distal Tubular Acidosis

SummaryLithium is one of the most effective psychotropic drugs we have, but it is underused because of its low therapeutic index, the need for regular blood tests and perceptions about its adverse effects, including renal problems. The last include urinary concentration deficits and diabetes insipidus, chronic kidney disease (including renal failure), nephrotic syndrome, hypercalcaemia, hyperparathyroidism and distal tubular acidosis. This article reviews these adverse effects with special emphasis on their management.

Avaliação da Resiliência em Pacientes com Insuficiência Renal Crônica Submetidos à Hemodiálise / Assessment of Resilience in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease Undergoing Hemodialysis

1970 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-13
Author(s):  
Renata Izabel dos Santos ◽  
Otávia Regina Souza Costa
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Renal Failure ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Renal Insufficiency ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Psychological Resilience ◽  
Resilience Scale

RESUMOObjetivo: Avaliar o nível de resiliência dos portadores de insuficiência renal crônica em tratamento de hemodiálise. Materiais e Métodos: Estudo prospectivo, quantitativo e de abordagem descritiva. A amostra foi constituída por 61 pacientes em tratamento dialítico. Para obtenção dos resultados, foi utilizada a escala de resiliência, desenvolvida por Wagnild e Young (1993) e adaptada por Pesce et al., (2005). Foi aplicado, também, um questionário para caracterização pessoal, familiar, social, econômica e de saúde do grupo. Resultados: Foi constatado que 61% dos pacientes apresentaram tendência à resiliência. O gênero masculino obteve maior pontuação, sugerindo maior tendência à resiliência, bem como os pacientes que são praticantes de uma religião.  Conclusão: Os resultados assinalam que os pacientes em tratamento dialítico no hospital apresentam capacidade à resiliência, o que sugere melhor adaptação ao tratamento.Palavras-chave: Avaliação, Resiliência psicológica, Insuficiência renal crônica.ABSTRACTObjective: To evaluate de the level of resilience in patients with chronic renal failure undergoing dialysis. Materials and Methods: Prospective, quantitative and descriptive study. The sample consisted of 61 patients on dialysis. To obtain the results we used Resilience Scale developed by Wagnild and Young (1993) and adapted by Pesce et al., (2005). A questionnaire to characterize personal, familiar, social, economic and health status was applied. Results: It was found that 61% of patients showed trend to resilience. Males had higher scores, suggesting more likelihood to resilience, as well as patients who were practitioners of a religion. Conclusion: The results indicate that the majority of patients on dialysis have capability of resilience, which suggests better adaptation to treatment.Keywords: Evaluation, Psychological resilience, Chronic renal insufficiency.

scholarly journals Renal Function as a Predictor of Reamputation After Initial Transmetatarsal Amputation in the Perioperative Period

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 2473011418S0001
Author(s):  
Junho Ahn ◽  
Katherine Raspovic ◽  
Dane Wukich ◽  
George Liu
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Renal Failure ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Perioperative Period ◽  
Improvement Program ◽  
Acs Nsqip ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Insulin Dependent

Category: Midfoot/Forefoot Introduction/Purpose: With increasing rates of patients being newly diagnosed with diabetes mellitus, foot complications are becoming more common, which often lead to amputation. Compared to major lower extremity amputations, transmetatarsal amputations (TMA) are associated with lower cost, better function, and more aesthetically satisfactory results for patients. Renal failure has been shown to be a significant predictor of morbidity and mortality in lower extremity amputations at various levels. However, previous reports examining the effect of renal function on reamputation rates after TMA have been mixed. As a result, the purpose of this study was to evaluate renal dysfunction as a risk factor for reamputation after initial TMA during the 30-day perioperative period in a large population database. Methods: Patients under 90 years of age who underwent a TMA between 2012 and 2015 were retrospectively identified in the prospectively collected American College of Surgeons-National Surgical Quality Improvement Program® (ACS-NSQIP®) database using the Current Procedure Terminology (CPT) code 28805. Failure of the initial TMA was defined as reamputation in the 30-day perioperative period through corresponding CPT codes. From these criteria, a total of 1,775 patients were identified. More than 150 unique patient factors were included in the study, but glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C) was not reported by the ACS-NSQIP® database. Diabetes status was categorized into four groups: “Insulin” dependent, “Non-Insulin” dependent, or “None.” Filtration rate was estimated using the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) equation, and patients were categorized into stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Results: Over the 30-day perioperative period, the rate of reamputation after TMA was 6.5%. No statistical differences in age, gender, race, body-mass index, or level of pre-operative functional status were found between groups. Reamputation rates after TMA was significantly correlated with higher white blood cell counts (p<.00001), greater serum creatinine (p=.021), higher blood urea nitrogen (p=.021), type of glycemic control (p=.002), stage of CKD (p=.003), dialysis (p=.001), and pre-operative blood transfusion (p=.042). Stage IV-V CKD was associated with 75% increased odds of reamputation (OR=1.75, 95% CI=1.12-2.73), and higher stage of CKD was associated with greater reamputation rates (p=.003) where stage II CKD had the lowest reamputation rate (3.6%) and stage V with the highest reamputation rate (10.9%). A similar trend was seen with 30-day mortality (p<.00001). Conclusion: In the current study, CKD was significantly correlated with reamputation rates after TMA as well as 30-day mortality. In contrast to a previous report, dialysis was also associated with TMA failure and need for reamputation. Our findings corroborate previous findings correlating dialysis-dependent renal failure and mortality. Whether patients in certain stages of CKD would achieve better outcomes with higher-level amputation rather than a TMA should be investigated in future studies.

HIV-associated kidney disease in the context of an aging population

Sexual Health ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire Naftalin ◽  
Bavithra Nathan ◽  
Lisa Hamzah ◽  
Frank A. Post
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Renal Failure ◽  
Acute Renal Failure ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
General Population ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Hiv Care ◽  
Developed World

Acute renal failure and chronic kidney disease are more common in HIV-infected patients compared with the general population. Several studies have shown age to be a risk factor for HIV-associated kidney disease. The improved life expectancy of HIV-infected patients as a result of widespread use of antiretroviral therapy has resulted in progressive aging of HIV cohorts in the developed world, and an increased burden of cardiovascular and kidney disease. Consequently, HIV care increasingly needs to incorporate strategies to detect and manage these non-infectious co-morbidities.

Adverse Effects of Proton Pump Inhibitors in Chronic Kidney Disease

2016 ◽  
Vol 176 (6) ◽  
pp. 866 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Fusaro ◽  
Sandro Giannini ◽  
Maurizio Gallieni
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Proton Pump Inhibitors ◽  
Proton Pump

scholarly journals Nicotinamide Attenuates the Progression of Renal Failure in a Mouse Model of Adenine-Induced Chronic Kidney Disease

Toxins ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 50
Author(s):  
Satoshi Kumakura ◽  
Emiko Sato ◽  
Akiyo Sekimoto ◽  
Yamato Hashizume ◽  
Shu Yamakage ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Renal Failure ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Mouse Model ◽  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Krebs Cycle ◽  
Inflammatory Reactions ◽  
Progression Of Kidney Disease ◽  
Progression Of Renal Failure

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) supplies energy for deoxidation and anti-inflammatory reactions fostering the production of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). The kidney is an essential regulator of body fluids through the excretion of numerous metabolites. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) leads to the accumulation of uremic toxins, which induces chronic inflammation. In this study, the role of NAD+ in kidney disease was investigated through the supplementation of nicotinamide (Nam), a precursor of NAD+, to an adenine-induced CKD mouse model. Nam supplementation reduced kidney inflammation and fibrosis and, therefore, prevented the progression of kidney disease. Notably, Nam supplementation also attenuated the accumulation of glycolysis and Krebs cycle metabolites that occurs in renal failure. These effects were due to increased NAD+ supply, which accelerated NAD+-consuming metabolic pathways. Our study suggests that Nam administration may be a novel therapeutic approach for CKD prevention.

scholarly journals CONDITION AFTER HEMOLYTIC-UREMIC SYNDROME IN A CHILD WITH 3RD STAGE CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE (case report)

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 136-138
Author(s):  
M.O. Gonchar ◽  
T.B. Ishenko ◽  
N.V. Orlova ◽  
G.R. Muratov ◽  
T.F. Kolibaeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Renal Failure ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Disease Case ◽  
Uremic Syndrome ◽  
The Given

Gonchar M.O., Ishchenko T.B., Orlova N.V., Muratov G., Kolibaeva T., Khmara N., Podvalnaya N.Currently, hemolytic-uremic syndrome is one of the frequent causes of acute kidney failure in children, so the timeliness of diagnosis and treatment determines the outcome of the disease. In the given clinical case, a set of certain factors that lead to an unfavorable outcome of the disease and the progression of chronic renal failure are presented. Clinical case of a 14-year-old child K., who was admitted to the nephrology department of the Regional Children's Clinical Hospital with the diagnosis: 3rd stage CKD, subcompensated stage of chronic renal failure and condition after hemolytic-uremic syndrome.KeyWords: hemolytic-uremic syndrome in children, chronic kidney disease. СТАН ПЫСЛЯ ПЕРЕНЕСЕНОГО ГЕМОЛІТИКО-УРЕМІЧНОГО СИНДРОМУ У ДИТИНИ З III СТАДІЄЮ ХРОНІЧНОГО ЗАХВОРЮВАННЯ НИРОК (КЛІНІЧНЕ СПОСТЕРЕЖЕННЯ)Гончарь М.О., Іщенко Т.Б., Орлова Н.В., Муратов Г.Р., Колібаєва Т.Ф., Хмара Н.В., Підвальна Н.А. В даний час гемолітико-уремічний синдром є однією з найчастіших причин гострої ниркової недостатності у дітей, тому своєчасність постановки діагнозу і лікування визначає результат захворювання. На наведеному клінічному випадку, представлено сукупність певних факторів, які привели до несприятливого результату захворювання і прогресування хронічної ниркової недостатності. Клінічний випадок дитини К. 14 років, який знаходився в нефрологічному відділенні Обласної дитячої клінічної лікарні з діагноз: ХХН III ст. Хронічна ниркова недостатність субкомпенсированная стадія. Стан після перенесеного гемолітико-уремічного синдрому.Ключові слова: гемолітико-уремічний синдром, діти, клінічний випадок, хронічне захворювання нирок. СОСТОЯНИЕ ПОСЛЕ ПЕРЕНЕСЕННОГО ГЕМОЛИТИКО-УРЕМИЧЕСКОГО СИНДРОМА У РЕБЕНКА С III СТАДИЕЙ ХРОНИЧЕСКОГО ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЯ ПОЧЕК (КЛИНИЧЕСКОЕ НАБЛЮДЕНИЕ)Гончарь М.А., Ищенко Т.Б., Орлова Н.В., Муратов Г.Р., Колибаева Т.Ф., Хмара Н.В., Подвальная Н.А. В настоящее время гемолитико-уремический синдром является одной из частых причин острой почечной недостаточности у детей, поэтому своевременность постановки диагноза и лечения определяет исход заболевания. На приведенном клиническом случае, представлено совокупность определенных факторов, которые привели к неблагоприятному исходу заболевания и прогрессированию хронической почечной недостаточности. Клинический случай ребенка К. 14 лет, который находился в нефрологическом отделении Областной детской клинической больнице с диагноз: ХБП III ст. Хроническая почечная недостаточность субкомпенсированная стадия. Состояние после перенесенного гемолитико-уремического синдрома.Ключевые слова: гемолитико-уремический синдром, дети, клинический случай, хроническое заболевание почек.

scholarly journals Cardiovascular Risk in Chronic Kidney Disease: Role of the Sympathetic Nervous System

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeanie Park
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Renal Failure ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous System ◽  
Renal Disease ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous

Patients with chronic kidney disease are at significantly increased risk for cardiovascular disease and sudden cardiac death. One mechanism underlying increased cardiovascular risk in patients with renal failure includes overactivation of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS). Multiple human and animal studies have shown that central sympathetic outflow is chronically elevated in patients with both end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and chronic kidney disease (CKD). SNS overactivation, in turn, increases the risk of cardiovascular disease and sudden death by increasing arterial blood pressure, arrythmogenicity, left ventricular hypertrophy, and coronary vasoconstriction and contributes to the progression renal disease. This paper will examine the evidence for SNS overactivation in renal failure from both human and experimental studies and discuss mechanisms of SNS overactivity in CKD and therapeutic implications.

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