Numerical Simulation of Basin-edge Effects with Hybrid PSM/FDM Method

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen Yangyang ◽  
Wang Yanbin
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Edge Effects ◽  
Basin Edge

Numerical simulation of edge effects in composites reinforced with square fibers

1996 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 461-465 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu. V. Kokhanenko ◽  
V. V. Yasinskii
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Edge Effects

Observations of Rayleigh waves in Mexico City Valley during the 19 September 2017 Puebla–Morelos, Mexico earthquake

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (2_suppl) ◽  
pp. 62-82
Author(s):  
Pablo Heresi ◽  
Jorge Ruiz-García ◽  
Omar Payán-Serrano ◽  
Eduardo Miranda
Keyword(s):  
Surface Waves ◽  
Mexico City ◽  
Edge Effects ◽  
Rayleigh Waves ◽  
Soft Soil ◽  
Inner Product ◽  
Basin Edge ◽  
Literature Evidence ◽  
Mexico Earthquake ◽  
Stockwell Transform

This article discusses the principal features of Rayleigh surface waves generated by basin-edge effects in Mexico City during the Mw7.1 19 September 2017 Puebla–Morelos, Mexico earthquake. Rayleigh waves were extracted from ground motions recorded at 12 stations in Mexico City. We used a recently proposed method for extracting surface waves, where the earthquake record is filtered based on the normalized inner product of the Stockwell transform of the three-component earthquake recordings. Results of this study reveal that basin-edge effects produced strong Rayleigh waves, particularly at certain stations, with frequencies that are mainly between 0.2 and 0.9 Hz, which is consistent with previous frequency ranges reported in the literature. Evidence of higher-mode Rayleigh waves was found at all stations located on soft soil sites, even at stations that are more than 1 km away from the basin edges. It was also observed that peak acceleration spectral ordinates of the retrograde component of the extracted Rayleigh waves at two stations exceeded the design spectral ordinates of the 1976 and 2004 editions of the Mexico City Seismic Provisions.

Extension of the Basin Rayleigh-Wave Amplification Theory to Include Basin-Edge Effects

2020 ◽  
Vol 110 (3) ◽  
pp. 1305-1322
Author(s):  
Quentin Brissaud ◽  
Daniel C. Bowden ◽  
Victor C. Tsai
Keyword(s):  
Rayleigh Wave ◽  
Edge Effects ◽  
Resonance Effect ◽  
Slope Angle ◽  
Computational Cost ◽  
Site Amplification ◽  
Coupling Coefficients ◽  
Wave Amplification ◽  
Wave Basin ◽  
Basin Edge

ABSTRACT The presence of sediments near the Earth’s surface can significantly amplify the strength of shaking during earthquakes. Such basin or site amplification effects have been well documented in numerous regions, yet the complex and often situational dependence of competing reasons for this amplification makes it hard to quantify in a general sense or to determine the most significant contributions. Simple 1D seismic profiles can be used to estimate the amplitude differences between a basin site and a hard-rock reference site, but this ignores any reflections or conversions at the basin edge or a resonance effect depending on the basin’s geometry. In this article, we explore an analytic model based on coupling coefficients for surface Rayleigh waves to account for the lateral discontinuities at a basin’s edge (Datta 2018). We use this simple tool to explore the relationship between the basin’s Rayleigh-wave amplification spectrum and various parameters such as basin depth, edge slope angle, and impedance contrast. The step-by-step construction of the model allows us to quantify the contributions from various wave propagation effects with the goal of identifying situations under which various basin-edge effects must be considered in addition to purely 1D estimates. For the most velocity contrasts (less than a factor of 5), the error made by the 1D theory in predicting maximum Rayleigh-wave basin amplification is under 35% for both the horizontal and the vertical components. For simple basins, the vertical amplification dominates at larger high frequencies and the horizontal at lower frequencies. Finally, we demonstrate from comparisons with spectral-element wavefield simulations that realistic velocity structures can be reduced to a simpler “box” shape for the semi-analytic formulation used here with reasonable results. For the purposes of estimating site-amplification or microzonation, an improved model that accounts for basin-edge effects can be implemented without high-computational cost.

Numerical study on basin-edge effects in the seismic response of the Gubbio valley, Central Italy

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 1437-1459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jetson R. Abraham ◽  
Chiara Smerzini ◽  
Roberto Paolucci ◽  
Carlo G. Lai
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Response ◽  
Edge Effects ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Basin Edge

Applications of Photoelectron Microscopy

1976 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 506-507
Author(s):  
William J. Baxter
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Thermal Decomposition ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Ultraviolet Radiation ◽  
Thin Layer ◽  
Edge Effects ◽  
Electron Optics ◽  
Surface Layers ◽  
Crystalline Orientation ◽  
Fluorescent Screen

In this form of electron microscopy, photoelectrons emitted from a metal by ultraviolet radiation are accelerated and imaged onto a fluorescent screen by conventional electron optics. image contrast is determined by spatial variations in the intensity of the photoemission. The dominant source of contrast is due to changes in the photoelectric work function, between surfaces of different crystalline orientation, or different chemical composition. Topographical variations produce a relatively weak contrast due to shadowing and edge effects.Since the photoelectrons originate from the surface layers (e.g. ∼5-10 nm for metals), photoelectron microscopy is surface sensitive. Thus to see the microstructure of a metal the thin layer (∼3 nm) of surface oxide must be removed, either by ion bombardment or by thermal decomposition in the vacuum of the microscope.

Water uptake by substituted amylose tablets: experimentation and numerical simulation

2009 ◽  
Vol 00 (00) ◽  
pp. 090904073309027-8
Author(s):  
H.W. Wang ◽  
S. Kyriacos ◽  
L. Cartilier
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Water Uptake
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