A new laboratory system for the measurement of low frequency seismic attenuation

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio Madonna ◽  
Nicola Tisato ◽  
Sébastien Boutareaud ◽  
David Mainprice
Keyword(s):  
Low Frequency ◽  
Seismic Attenuation ◽  
Laboratory System

Seismic attenuation, normal moveout stretch, and low-frequency shadows underlying bottom simulating reflector events

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (5) ◽  
pp. 857-871 ◽  
Author(s):  
José M. Carcione ◽  
Ayman N. Qadrouh ◽  
Hervé Perroud ◽  
Davide Gei ◽  
Jing Ba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Frequency ◽  
Seismic Attenuation ◽  
Bottom Simulating Reflector

scholarly journals Small-Scale Volcanic Structures of the Aeolian Volcanic Arc Revealed by Seismic Attenuation

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ignacio Castro-Melgar ◽  
Janire Prudencio ◽  
Andrea Cannata ◽  
Edoardo Del Pezzo ◽  
Jesús M. Ibáñez
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Station ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Seismic Attenuation ◽  
Fault System ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Aeolian Islands ◽  
Seismic Scattering ◽  
Intrinsic Attenuation ◽  
Scattering Attenuation ◽  
The World

We present the first two-dimensional (2-D) spatial distribution of seismic scattering and intrinsic attenuation beneath the Aeolian Islands arc. The Aeolian Islands archipelago represents one of the best examples of a small dimension volcanic island arc characterised by the alternation of different structural domains. Using the seismic wave diffusion model as the basis for the analysis, and using data from an active seismic experiment (TOMO-ETNA), we analysed more than 76,700 seismic paths marked by epicentre-seismic station pairs. Based on frequencies of 4–24 Hz, we identified high regional attenuation, comparable with other volcanic areas of the world. We used two different seismogram lengths, reflecting two different sampling depths, which allowed us to observe two different attenuative behaviours. As in most volcanic regions, scattering attenuation predominates over intrinsic attenuation, but some characteristics are area-specific. Volcanic structures present the highest contribution to scattering, especially in the low frequency range. This behaviour is interpreted to reflect the small size of the islands and the potentially relatively small size of individual magmatic feeding systems. In addition, strong scattering observed in one zone is associated with the northernmost part of the so-called Aeolian-Tindari-Letojanni fault system. In contrast, away from the volcanic islands, intrinsic attenuation dominates over scattering attenuation. We interpret this shift in attenuative behaviour as reflecting the large volume of sedimentary material deposited on the seabed. Owing to their poorly consolidated nature, sediments facilitate intrinsic attenuation via energy dissipation, but in general present high structural homogeneity that is reflected by low levels of scattering. Our results show that this region is not underlain by a large volcanic structural complex such as that beneath nearby Mt. Etna volcano. Instead, we observe dimensionally smaller and isolated subsurface volcanic structures. The identification of such features facilitates improved geological interpretation; we can now separate consolidated marine structures from independent subsurface volcanic elements. The results of this study provide a model for new research in similar regions around the world.

Modulation of seismic noise near the San Jacinto fault in Southern California: Origin and observations of the cyclical time dependence and associated crustal properties

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladislav G Martynov ◽  
Luciana Astiz ◽  
Debi Kilb ◽  
Frank L Vernon
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Noise ◽  
Southern California ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Ocean Waves ◽  
Seismic Attenuation ◽  
Phase Lag ◽  
Low Frequencies ◽  
San Jacinto Fault ◽  
San Jacinto Fault Zone ◽  
Seismic Quality Factor

Summary We examine the cyclic amplitude variation of seismic noise recorded by continuous three-component broadband seismic data with durations spanning 91 to 713 days (2008–2011) from three different networks: Anza seismic network, IDA network and the Transportable seismic array. These stations surround the San Jacinto Fault Zone (SJFZ) in southern California. We find the seismic noise amplitudes exhibit a cyclical variation between 0.3 and 7.2 Hz. The high frequency (≥ 0.9 Hz) noise variations can be linked to human activity and are not a concern. Our primary interest is signals in the low frequencies (0.3–0.9 Hz), where the seismic noise is modulated by semi-diurnal tidal mode M2. These long-period (low frequency) variations of seismic noise can be attributed to a temporal change of the ocean waves breaking at the shoreline, driven by ocean tidal loading. We focus on the M2 variation of seismic noise at f = 0.6 Hz, travelling distances of ∼92 km through the crust from offshore California to the inland Anza, California, region. Relative to the shoreline station, data from the inland stations show a phase lag of ∼ –12°, which we attribute to the cyclic change in M2 that can alter crustal seismic attenuation. We also find that for mode M2 at 0.6 Hz, the amplitude variations of the seismic quality factor (Q) depend on azimuth and varies from 0.22 per cent (southeast to northwest) to 1.28 per cent (northeast to southwest) with Q = 25 for Rayleigh waves. We propose the direction dependence of the Q variation at 0.6 Hz reflects the preferred orientation of sub-faults parallel to the main faulting defined by the primarily N45° W strike of the SJFZ.

Further developments in measurement of low‐frequency seismic attenuation in laboratory

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio Madonna ◽  
Nicola Tisato ◽  
Claudio Delle Piane ◽  
Erik H. Saenger
Keyword(s):  
Low Frequency ◽  
Seismic Attenuation

Low frequency control strategy for seismic attenuation in inertial platforms and mechanical suspensions

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Acernese ◽  
R. Canonico ◽  
R. De Rosa ◽  
G. Giordano ◽  
R. Romano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Control Strategy ◽  
Frequency Control ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Seismic Attenuation

scholarly journals A new high-pressure technique for the measurement of low frequency seismic attenuation using cyclic torsional loading

2021 ◽  
Vol 92 (9) ◽  
pp. 093906
Author(s):  
Jean-Philippe Perrillat ◽  
Roman Bonjan ◽  
Yann Le Godec ◽  
Frédéric Bergame ◽  
Julien Philippe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Seismic Attenuation ◽  
Torsional Loading

scholarly journals Passive, Non-Linear, Mechanical Structures for Seismic Attenuation

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Riccardo DeSalvo
Keyword(s):  
Gravitational Wave ◽  
Linear Response ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Space Time ◽  
Seismic Attenuation ◽  
Motion Sensors ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Seismic Motion ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
A Chain

Gravitational Wave detectors aim to detect strain perturbations of space-time of the order of 10−21 ~ 10−22 at frequencies between one Hz and a few kHz. This space-time strain, integrated over a few Km long interferometers, will induce movements of suspended mirrors of the order of 10−18 ~ 10−19m. Seismic motion in this frequency band varies between 10−6 and 10−12 m. Required seismic attenuation factors, as large as 10−12, by far exceed the performance of motion sensors, and are only obtained by means of a chain of passive attenuators. High quality springs in configurations yielding non-linear response are used to generate attenuation at low frequency. Similarly non-linear mechanisms are used in the horizontal direction. A description of some of these systems and some of the technical challenges that they involve are presented.

scholarly journals Passive, Nonlinear, Mechanical Structures for Seismic Attenuation

2007 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 290-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Riccardo DeSalvo
Keyword(s):  
Gravitational Wave ◽  
Nonlinear Response ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Space Time ◽  
Seismic Attenuation ◽  
Motion Sensors ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Seismic Motion ◽  
Nonlinear Mechanical ◽  
A Chain

Gravitational wave detectors aim to detect strain perturbations of space-time on the order of 10−21–10−22 at frequencies between 1Hz and a few kHz. This space-time strain, integrated over kilometer scale interferometers, will induce movements of suspended mirrors on the order of 10−18–10−19m. Seismic motion in this frequency band varies between 10−6m and 10−12m. Required seismic attenuation factors, as large as 10−12, by far exceed the performance of motion sensors, and are only obtained by means of a chain of passive attenuators. High quality springs in configurations yielding nonlinear response are used to generate attenuation at low frequency. Similarly, nonlinear mechanisms are used in the horizontal direction. A description of some of these systems and some of the technical challenges that they involve is presented.

Qualitative seismic attenuation parameter estimation based on prestack data in the continuous wavelet domain

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. T199-T207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenchao Chen ◽  
Xiaokai Wang ◽  
Dan Wu ◽  
Lei Gao ◽  
Jinghuai Gao
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Data ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Attenuation Factor ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Frequency Component ◽  
Seismic Attenuation ◽  
High Frequency Component ◽  
Continuous Wavelet ◽  
Anelastic Attenuation ◽  
Seismic Quality Factor

Because the seismic wave propagates through the subsurface, part of the elastic energy eventually ends up as heat energy. This phenomenon is known as absorption (or anelastic attenuation). The factors causing anelastic attenuation include fluid movement and grain boundary friction. The seismic quality factor ([Formula: see text]) quantifies the anelastic attenuation and is commonly used in assisting reservoir characterization. However, current [Formula: see text]-estimation approaches are mainly implemented on a poststack seismic volume. The [Formula: see text]-estimation approaches applied to poststack seismic data assume that the seismic data are normal incident reflections, and they do not consider the effect of the travel path on seismic attenuation. In theory, the attenuation degree of the low-frequency component should differ from the attenuation degree of the high-frequency component for large-offset seismic data. We have developed a method to qualitatively estimate seismic attenuation in the prestack seismic domain. A continuous wavelet transform is used to extract the low- and high-frequency components for the common-reflection point gathers. The difference between the amplitude of the low-frequency component and the amplitude of the high-frequency component is used to measure the seismic attenuation factor. We have determined the effectiveness of our method by applying it to synthetic and real seismic data.

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