scholarly journals Quantitative analysis of time-lapse seismic monitoring data at the Sleipner CO2 storage operation

2010 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 170-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andy Chadwick ◽  
Gareth Williams ◽  
Nicolas Delepine ◽  
Vincent Clochard ◽  
Karine Labat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Co2 Storage ◽  
Time Lapse ◽  
Seismic Monitoring ◽  
Monitoring Data

ROCK PHYSICS—APPLICATION TO GEOLOGICAL STORAGE OF CO2

2003 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 567 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.J. McKenna ◽  
B. Gurevich ◽  
M. Urosevic ◽  
B.J. Evans
Keyword(s):  
Elastic Moduli ◽  
Co2 Storage ◽  
Rock Physics ◽  
Sedimentary Basins ◽  
Time Lapse ◽  
Seismic Monitoring ◽  
Potential Contribution ◽  
Underground Brine ◽  
Shear Moduli ◽  
Borehole Seismic

Sequestration of anthropogenic CO2 into underground brine-saturated reservoirs is an immediate option for Australia to reduce CO2 emissions into the atmosphere. Many sites for CO2 storage have been defined within many Australian sedimentary basins. It is anticipated that seismic technology will form the foundation for monitoring CO2 storage within the subsurface, although it is recognised that several other technologies will also be used in support of seismic or in situations where seismic recording is not suitable. The success of seismic monitoring will be determined by the magnitude of the change in the elastic properties of the reservoir during the lifecycle of CO2 storage. In the short-term, there will be a strong contrast in density and compressibility between free CO2 and brine. The contrast between these fluids is greater at shallower depth and higher temperature where CO2 resembles a vapour. The significant change in the elastic moduli of the reservoir will enable time-lapse seismic methods to readily monitor structural or hydrodynamic trapping of CO2 below an impermeable seal. Because the acoustic contrast between brine saturated with CO2 and brine containing no dissolved CO2 is very slight, however, dissolved CO2 is unlikely to be detected by any seismic technology, including high-resolution borehole seismic. The detection of increases in porosity, associated with dissolution of susceptible minerals within the reservoir may provide a means for qualitative monitoring of CO2 dissolution. Conversion of aqueous CO2 into carbonate minerals should cause a detectable rise in the elastic moduli of the rock frame, especially the shear moduli. The magnitude of this rise increases with depth and demonstrates the potential contribution that can be made from repeated shear-wave and multi-component seismic measurements. Forward modelling suggests that the optimal reservoir depth for seismic monitoring of CO2 storage within an unconsolidated reservoir is between 1,000 and 2,500 m. Higher reservoir temperature is also preferred so that free CO2 will resemble a vapour.

Time-lapse seismic performance of a sparse permanent array: Experience from the Aquistore CO2 storage site

Geophysics ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. WA35-WA48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Don J. White ◽  
Lisa A. N. Roach ◽  
Brian Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Co2 Storage ◽  
Time Lapse ◽  
Seismic Monitoring ◽  
Storage Site ◽  
Raw Data ◽  
Seismic Surveys ◽  
Monitoring Effort ◽  
Overall Performance ◽  
4D Seismic

A sparse areal permanent array of buried geophones was deployed at the Aquistore [Formula: see text] storage site in Saskatchewan, Canada. The purpose of this array is to facilitate 4D seismic monitoring of [Formula: see text] that is to be injected to the deep subsurface. Use of a sparse buried array is designed to improve the repeatability of time-lapse data and to economize the monitoring effort. Prior to the start of [Formula: see text] injection, two 3D dynamite seismic surveys were acquired in March 2012 and May 2013 using the permanent array. The objective of acquiring these data was to allow an assessment of the data repeatability and overall performance of the permanent array. A comparison of the raw data from these surveys and with a conventional high-resolution 3D vibroseis survey demonstrated that (1) the signal-to-noise ratio for the buried geophones was increased by 6–7 dB relative to surface-deployed geophones and by an additional 20 dB for dynamite relative to a vibroseis source, (2) the use of buried sensors and sources at this site did not appear to be significantly degraded by the effects of ghosting, (3) repeatability for the permanent array data was excellent with a mean normalized root-mean-square (nrms) value of 57% for the raw baseline-monitor difference, (4) the variance of nrms values was higher for shot gathers (18%) compared with receiver gathers (7%), and (5) the raw data repeatability was a factor of three improved over that of comparable surface-geophone data acquired at a nearby location. The use of a sparse buried permanent array at the Aquistore site has demonstrably achieved a reduction in ambient noise levels and overall enhanced data repeatability, both of which are keys to successful 4D seismic monitoring.

Elastic inverse scattering for fluid variation with time-lapse seismic data

Geophysics ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. WA61-WA67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhaoyun Zong ◽  
Xingyao Yin ◽  
Guochen Wu ◽  
Zhiping Wu
Keyword(s):  
Shear Modulus ◽  
Inverse Scattering ◽  
Seismic Data ◽  
Scattering Theory ◽  
Time Lapse ◽  
Monitoring Data ◽  
Prestack Inversion ◽  
Fluid Factor ◽  
Reference Medium ◽  
The Difference

Elastic inverse-scattering theory has been extended for fluid discrimination using the time-lapse seismic data. The fluid factor, shear modulus, and density are used to parameterize the reference medium and the monitoring medium, and the fluid factor works as the hydrocarbon indicator. The baseline medium is, in the conception of elastic scattering theory, the reference medium, and the monitoring medium is corresponding to the perturbed medium. The difference in the earth properties between the monitoring medium and the baseline medium is taken as the variation in the properties between the reference medium and perturbed medium. The baseline and monitoring data correspond to the background wavefields and measured full fields, respectively. And the variation between the baseline data and monitoring data is taken as the scattered wavefields. Under the above hypothesis, we derived a linearized and qualitative approximation of the reflectivity variation in terms of the changes of fluid factor, shear modulus, and density with the perturbation theory. Incorporating the effect of the wavelet into the reflectivity approximation as the forward solver, we determined a practical prestack inversion approach in a Bayesian scheme to estimate the fluid factor, shear modulus, and density changes directly with the time-lapse seismic data. We evaluated the examples revealing that the proposed approach rendered the estimation of the fluid factor, shear modulus, and density changes stably, even with moderate noise.

Time-lapse full waveform inversion based on curvelet transform: Case study of CO2 storage monitoring

2021 ◽  
Vol 110 ◽  
pp. 103417
Author(s):  
Dong Li ◽  
Suping Peng ◽  
Xingguo Huang ◽  
Yinling Guo ◽  
Yongxu Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Co2 Storage ◽  
Waveform Inversion ◽  
Curvelet Transform ◽  
Time Lapse ◽  
Full Waveform Inversion ◽  
Full Waveform
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