Updated look at cost‐effective ways to acquire seismic data in remote areas

1989 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Kruppenbach ◽  
M. D. Carter ◽  
S. L. Mobley
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Data ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Remote Areas

Decentralizing the Farmer-to-Farmer extension approach to the local level

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-77
Author(s):  
Shiva Kumar Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Local Level ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Extension Services ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Remote Areas ◽  
Implementation Processes ◽  
Local Agriculture ◽  
The People ◽  
Development Committee ◽  
The Government

Purpose – As the government extension services are less effective in reaching the remote areas and mid-hills of Nepal, the purpose of this paper is to examine the effectiveness of community-based management in technology transfer. Design/methodology/approach – The Farmer-to-Farmer (FtF) extension approach as a better alternative to government extension services will be adopted in the research. Findings – The FtF approach is a cost effective and sustainable service delivery mechanism for extending basic and innovative technologies to rural farmers, especially in remote areas. Even marginalized, poor and disadvantaged groups, often excluded from mainstream assistance, have better access to extension services disseminated through the FtF approach. The agriculture committees established at the Village Development Committee (VDC) level are much entrusted by the people as they facilitates their participation in the planning-to-implementation processes related to local agriculture development programmes. Consequently, there is much local support for the establishment of the local committees and the FtF approach. Several challenges remain however, one being the committee members’ management capacity. Originality/value – Decentralizing the FtF extension approach to the local level, the VDCs.

Diagnosis of sexually transmitted infections (STI) using self-collected non-invasive specimens

Sexual Health ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzanne M. Garland ◽  
Sepehr N. Tabrizi
Keyword(s):  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Diagnostic Techniques ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Molecular Diagnostic ◽  
Molecular Diagnostic Techniques ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Diagnostic Assays ◽  
Remote Areas

Paramount in control of transmission of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) is their prompt recognition and appropriate treatment. In countries where definitive diagnoses are difficult, a ‘syndromic approach’ to management of STIs is recommended and practiced, yet many STIs have common symptoms or are asymptomatic and therefore go undetected and untreated. This is of particular concern with the recognition that HIV transmission is increased with co-existent STIs: the attributable risk for each STI varying with the prevalence within a particular population. Hence, HIV public health prevention approaches must include STI preventative strategies to be effective. Even then, microbiological screening is incorporated into STI control strategies; lack of access to appropriate services (especially in rural and remote areas), reluctance of at-risk populations to attend for treatment, fear of invasive genital examinations, and lower sensitivities of conventional diagnostic assays reduces the effectiveness of such programmes. Therefore, accurate, cost-effective, reliable diagnostic assays (preferably those which can be used in the field) are needed to impact on the incidence of the various STIs, as well as HIV. With the advent of molecular technologies, including target and signal amplification methods, diagnoses of STIs have been revolutionised and allow the use of non or minimally invasive sampling techniques, some of which are self-collected by the patient, e.g. first-void urine, cervico-vaginal lavage, low vaginal swabs, and tampons. Most studies evaluating such self-sampling with molecular diagnostic techniques have demonstrated an equivalent or superior detection of STIs as compared to conventional sampling and detection methods. These sampling methods can also be used to determine prevalence of STIs in various populations, but particularly those with difficult access to medical care. In this article, the utility of self-sampling collection devices for detection of various STIs, particularly in women, is reviewed as one step towards formulating appropriate strategies in control of STIs, and which are especially suited for remote areas.

scholarly journals Technology And Its Role In Supporting Tuberculosis Treatment Adherence

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Era Dorihi Kale ◽  
Moses Pandin
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Adherence ◽  
Economic Condition ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Adherence Rate ◽  
Remote Areas ◽  
Tb Treatment ◽  
Use Of Technology ◽  
The Family ◽  
Mdr Tb ◽  
Selection Of

Compliance with TB treatment has now become a problem that must be handled seriously because the high non-adherence rate will give a bad contribution to the success of TB treatment, including MDR-TB and also morbidity and mortality. Many innovations have been made to improve TB treatment adherence, one of which is using mobile-based technology. This article aims to explore the effectiveness of the technology used to improve treatment adherence in TB patients: types, ways of working, advantages, and limitations of each application. This is a systematic review through searching 3 databases, namely Scopus, WoS, and Science Direct. Some of the advantages in applying technology to improve TB treatment adherence are easy to use if you understand how to operate tools/applications are cost-effective because they reduce transportation costs in reaching remote areas or in conditions of transportation difficulties such as after a disaster, the use of this technology provides patient satisfaction in treatment and facilitates the involvement of the family/support system in the treatment of patients. Several things must be considered (limitations) of the technology to be used, including experts, patient knowledge and skills, economic condition, electricity availability, and whether the technology used will not increase the burden on patients related to the stigma of TB disease. We can conclude that the use of technology is indeed very good in supporting the improvement of TB treatment adherence, but the selection of this application must pay attention to the characteristics of the population as well as the advantages and limitations of each application. Keywords: Technology, Adherence, Tuberculosis

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