GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION FOR STRATIGRAPHIC OIL TRAPS

Geophysics ◽  
1943 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 337-347
Author(s):  
Joseph L. Adler
Keyword(s):  
Geophysical Methods ◽  
Geophysical Exploration ◽  
Different Types

Stratigraphic traps are defined and classified and the applicability of various geophysical methods for the discovery of each of the different types of stratigraphic traps is discussed. Some undeveloped techniques are suggested in this connection as subjects for research.

GEOPHYSICAL ACTIVITY IN 1962

Geophysics ◽  
1963 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 1049-1071
Author(s):  
Neal J. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Geophysical Methods ◽  
The Other ◽  
Free World ◽  
Geophysical Exploration ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Ground Magnetic

Petroleum geophysical exploration in the Free World, consisting of seismic, gravity, ground magnetic, and other nonairborne geophysical methods, declined 10.0 percent over 1961. This is the sharpest in the continual series of declines that began in 1957 and amounts to a loss of 1,008 crew‐months; it is 32 percent down from the peak year of 1956. Airborne magnetometer activity, on the other hand, rose from 347,841 line‐miles in 1961 to 433,473, an increase of 25 percent.

EXPLORATION WORK IN MEXICO

Geophysics ◽  
1953 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 188-200
Author(s):  
Antonio Garcia Rojas
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Gulf Coast ◽  
Geophysical Methods ◽  
The United States ◽  
Oil Fields ◽  
Present Level ◽  
Geophysical Exploration ◽  
Petroleos Mexicanos ◽  
The Difference

Since 1940 Mexico has increased exploration work in search of new oil fields. Most of the exploration has been done in the Gulf Coast area where all existing Mexican oil fields are located. A brief résumé is given of the main problems of the different provinces under exploration and a list of the fields discovered by Petróleos Mexicanos in the different provinces of the country. Geophysical methods have been responsible for location of a very large percent of the new fields. To compare the intensity of exploration in the United States and Mexico, the amount of seismic and gravity‐meter work and of wildcat drilling per million barrels of production is given for both countries. The data shows that Mexico’s level of geophysical exploration, per million barrels of oil produced, is very close to that of the United States. A very marked increase in the intensity of exploration is shown for both countries. Wildcat drilling in Mexico has been less intensive than in the United States but shows a definite tendency to increase; its present level is very close to that of the United States during 1940. The writer is of the opinion that the difference in intensity of wildcat drilling shown in the data presented is actually smaller than appears as there is a certain amount of duplication in the United States because of leaseholding problems.

GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION FOR LIMESTONE REEFS

Geophysics ◽  
1949 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 486-500
Author(s):  
F. J. Agnich
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Data ◽  
Geophysical Methods ◽  
Geophysical Exploration ◽  
Isopach Maps ◽  
Velocity Variations

Various geophysical methods are discussed in relation to their possible value in locating limestone reefs, with special emphasis on the gravity meter and seismograph. The effects of possible velocity variations through reefs on reflections from below a reef body are examined. Relationships between the shallow and deep horizons indicate that time isopach maps of such seismic data extremely valuable. A suggested exploration procedure describes several detailing methods, and emphasizes the important role of the interpreter in solving the problems associated with exploration for limestone reefs.

scholarly journals Structural and mineragenetic features of the Getkan area

2020 ◽  
Vol 192 ◽  
pp. 03015
Author(s):  
Yury Manilov
Keyword(s):  
Geophysical Methods ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Physical Characteristics ◽  
New Approaches ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Petrophysical Data ◽  
Different Characteristics ◽  
Physical Principles

Deep structural features of tectonic and mineragenetic zones of the region have been established based on the comprehensive analysis of geological, gravity, magnetic, and petrophysical data. Geophysical methods that are based on different physical principles have been shown to reflect different characteristics of lithosphere. Considering structural features and physical characteristics of mineragenetic objects, the obtained data allow genesis of endogenous mineralization of different types were identified and new approaches to the forecasting process was developed.

scholarly journals Application of electrical Tomography for the hydrogeological study of the Fez-Taza corridor, Case of Bir Tam-Tam(Morocco)

2021 ◽  
Vol 298 ◽  
pp. 05003
Author(s):  
Hassnae Faiz ◽  
Anasse Benslimane ◽  
Mohamed Chibout ◽  
Mohamed El Mokhtar ◽  
Fatima Zahra Faqihi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Geophysical Methods ◽  
Dolomitic Limestone ◽  
Geological Data ◽  
Electrical Tomography ◽  
Geophysical Exploration ◽  
Hydrogeological Study ◽  
Drilling Data ◽  
Agricultural Areas

The present work contributes to the multidisciplinary geological, hydrogeological, and geophysical exploration of groundwater in the Bir Tam-Tam region of the Fez-Taza corridor. Our main objective is to release water resources in our study area to supply drinking water in the region and irrigation of agricultural areas. Potential zones are located at the Lias fracturing zones. This study is interested in understanding the hydrogeological context of the study area through geophysical methods such as Electrical Tomography. The comparison of geological data, Drilling data, and the interpretation of the results of electrical Tomography have made it possible to highlight the geoelectric levels likely to constitute a potential aquifer and to locate possible structural accidents (faults) affecting the dolomitic limestone formations of Lias that could drain groundwater.

MODERN GEOPHYSICAL METHODS FOR SUBSURFACE WATER EXPLORATION

Geophysics ◽  
1963 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 633-657 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. Breusse
Keyword(s):  
Geophysical Methods ◽  
Subsurface Water ◽  
Water Supplies ◽  
Large Expansion ◽  
Industrialized Nations ◽  
The World ◽  
Different Types ◽  
History Of ◽  
Electrical Soundings ◽  
Electrical Prospecting

The use of exploration geophysics in the discovery of oil is well known, but applications of these methods in exploration for subsurface water are less publicized and less well known, despite the fact that geophysics has been employed in this field for more than thirty years and has been developing continually. Consequently, this paper is oriented towards exploration geo‐geophysical methods for ground‐water supplies. After a summary of the history of the methods, the paper examines the geophysical methods employed with their respective advantages and drawbacks: electrical prospecting using “electrical soundings” and resistivity mapping, shallow refraction, spontaneous polarization, and induced polarization. The principal problems that may be resolved by geophysics are reviewed, as well as practical considerations concerning the composition of a crew, its production, and costs. Some examples of hydrology surveys are presented to illustrate different types of problems that may be encountered. In conclusion, a large expansion in geophysical exploration and particularly electrical methods is expected as the need for sub‐surface water supplies increases in various regions of the world and the existing deficient supplies become known in industrialized nations.

THE FUTURE OF GEOPHYSICS

Geophysics ◽  
1955 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 503-515
Author(s):  
Paul L. Lyons
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Geophysical Methods ◽  
Complete Information ◽  
The United States ◽  
Important Place ◽  
World Petroleum ◽  
Geophysical Exploration ◽  
Upper Limit ◽  
The World ◽  
New Phase

The year 1955 marks a continued decline in exploration for oil in the United States and in the world as judged from the employment of seismograph parties. The decline indicates that in the United States we have passed an upper limit of action within the framework of exploration practices as they have existed. The precipitate rise of geophysical exploration was due to the effort of exploration companies to be “firstest with the mostest.” The rapid coverage of prospective oil areas in the United States and in world, however, has not resulted in a complete exploration of the sedimentary areas. Many areas may be considered virtually unexplored. In addition, frontiers exist in the search for very‐small‐relief structures and stratigraphic traps by geophysical methods. Application of improved instruments, techniques, and interpretations to these problems will result in a new phase of sustained exploration with successes going to those with the most complete information and the best ideas. A changing geophysics will occupy an important place in the world petroleum economy, with at least 450 billion barrels of oil yet to be found.

GEOPHYSICAL ACTIVITY IN 1961

Geophysics ◽  
1962 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 859-886
Author(s):  
Neal J. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Geophysical Methods ◽  
Free World ◽  
Geophysical Exploration ◽  
Ground Magnetic

Combined Petroleum Geophysical Activity.—Petroleum geophysical exploration in the Free World, consisting of seismic, gravity, ground magnetic, and other nonairborne geophysical methods, declined 3.1 percent, to 10,203 crew‐months in 1961 for a net loss of 323 crew‐months. This is 24 percent below the peak year of 1956. Airborne magnetometer activity was down from its high of 556,652 line‐miles in 1960 to 347,841 line‐miles, a drop of 37.5 percent.

Review of Geophysical Exploration on Mined-out Areas and Water Abundance

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-143
Author(s):  
Laifu Wen ◽  
Jiulong Cheng ◽  
Shaohua Huang ◽  
Jin Zhou ◽  
Yangchun Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Geophysical Methods ◽  
Electromagnetic Method ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Transient Electromagnetic Method ◽  
Water Abundance ◽  
Geophysical Exploration ◽  
Transient Electromagnetic ◽  
Seismic Methods ◽  
Electromagnetic Methods ◽  
Surface Borehole

With the increase in mining depth, the presence of goafs has become increasingly severe in mine safety. The accurate and effective detection of underground goafs and their water abundance is the key to ensure the safety of mine production. On the basis of the relevant research, this paper defines different goaf types from the perspective of geophysical exploration and discusses the geophysical prerequisites for goaf detection. DC methods, electromagnetic methods, seismic methods, and other geophysical methods on the ground and in the subsurface are reviewed and summarized using the method's principle, research status, and technical features. Research progress on the geophysical methods in goafs and their water abundance detection are introduced, including the electrical source short-offset transient electromagnetic method (SOTEM), the wave-field transformation and synthetic aperture of the transient electromagnetic method, and comprehensive detection. At the end of the paper, a direction for the development of coal mined-out areas and their water abundance detection is put forward, including information fusion technology, ground-airborne electromagnetic methods, magnetic resonance sounding (MRS), surface-borehole transient electromagnetic method, surface-borehole seismic methods, and seismic while tunneling technology. The application prospects of these methods are discussed, and the results of this study are expected to considerably improve the location precision and resolution of the goaf detection on the basis of the implications of these techniques.

GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION FOR BURIED VALLEYS IN AN AREA NORTH OF TWO HILLS, ALBERTA

Geophysics ◽  
1967 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 331-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. H. Lennox ◽  
V. Carlson
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Refraction ◽  
Great Part ◽  
Geophysical Methods ◽  
Groundwater Exploration ◽  
Independent Evidence ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Geophysical Exploration ◽  
Blind Zone ◽  
Groundwater Supply ◽  
Sand And Gravel

Geophysical techniques may be used in groundwater exploration for the detection of groundwater itself, for the detection of potential aquifers, and for the detection of geologic situations favorable for the occurrence of aquifers. In Alberta, these buried preglacial valleys commonly contain deposits of permeable sands and gravels which, if of sufficient thickness and extent, can constitute important aquifers. Thus, location of the valleys by geophysical means leads to the identification of areas in which groundwater prospecting stands an improved chance of success. If, in addition, the geophysical methods can be used to indicate whether adequate thicknesses of permeable deposits exist in the valleys—that is, to detect the aquifers—the areas suitable for exploration can be further restricted, possibly to one or more locations with particularly encouraging prospects of a good groundwater supply. Resistivity was useful for the detection of both near‐surface and deeper‐lying permeable deposits and, hence, has some potential for the tracing of buried valley courses wherever these buried valleys contain significant sand and gravel deposits. The method had limited application, however, to the measurement of depths to bedrock because of a lack of resistivity contrast between drift and bedrock materials for a great part of the study area. The seismic refraction method was reasonably successful in the determination of bedrock depths and, thus, in the location of buried bedrock valleys. Success, however, depended on advance knowledge of velocity conditions in the surficial materials and in the uppermost bedrock layers, in order to understand and deal with the interpretative problem presented by a lack of velocity contrast between drift and bedrock materials in regions of elevated bedrock. Anomalously large calculated bedrock depths for regions of elevated bedrock were summarily rejected. Another interpretative problem was posed by the presence of a blind zone within the surficial materials. Blind‐zone velocity segments were introduced on all time‐distance plots on which this characteristic velocity did not originally appear, a method successful in about two thirds of the cases. There was no indication, other than a spurious one discounted by independent evidence, of correlation between the gravity results and the distribution of buried valleys or of any near‐surface materials. The Two Hills investigation effectively demonstrated the importance of adequate control—geophysical as well as geologic—for the successful interpretation of shallow geophysical exploration results in the Alberta plains.

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