The link of Kirchhoff migration and demigration to Kirchhoff and Born modeling

Geophysics ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 64 (6) ◽  
pp. 1793-1805 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herman H. Jaramillo ◽  
Norman Bleistein
Keyword(s):  
Reflection Coefficient ◽  
Seismic Data ◽  
Kirchhoff Approximation ◽  
Kirchhoff Migration ◽  
Inversion Techniques

The Kirchhoff approximation provides a representation of seismic data as a summation of imaged data along isochron surfaces (demigration). The asymptotic inversion of this representation provides a migration as a summation of seismic data along diffraction surfaces. We replace Born inversion techniques with Kirchhoff inversion techniques and further show the link between the Kirchhoff and Born representations after the Born linearized reflection coefficient is replaced by the Kirchhoff reflection coefficient.

THE INTEGRATED USE OF PETROPHYSICAL, AVO, SEISMIC INVERSION AND 3D VISUALISATION TOOLS FOR RESERVOIR CHARACTERISATION

2001 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 131
Author(s):  
A.G. Sena ◽  
T.M. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Data ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Seismic Inversion ◽  
Well Log ◽  
Reservoir Properties ◽  
Gas Field ◽  
Geological Interpretation ◽  
3D Visualisation ◽  
Quantitative Understanding ◽  
Inversion Techniques

The successful exploration for new reservoirs in mature areas, as well as the optimal development of existing fields, requires the integration of unconventional geological and geophysical techniques. In particular, the calibration of 3D seismic data to well log information is crucial to obtain a quantitative understanding of reservoir properties. The advent of new technology for prestack seismic data analysis and 3D visualisation has resulted in improved fluid and lithology predictions prior to expensive drilling. Increased reservoir resolution has been achieved by combining seismic inversion with AVO analysis to minimise exploration risk.In this paper we present an integrated and systematic approach to prospect evaluation in an oil/gas field. We will show how petrophysical analysis of well log data can be used as a feasibility tool to determine the fluid and lithology discrimination capabilities of AVO and inversion techniques. Then, a description of effective AVO and prestack inversion tools for reservoir property quantification will be discussed. Finally, the incorporation of the geological interpretation and the use of 3D visualisation will be presented as a key integration tool for the discovery of new plays.

Estimating tilted fracture weaknesses from azimuthal differences in seismic amplitude data

Geophysics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. R135-R146
Author(s):  
Huaizhen Chen ◽  
Tiansheng Chen ◽  
Kristopher A. Innanen
Keyword(s):  
Reflection Coefficient ◽  
Tilt Angle ◽  
Seismic Data ◽  
Fractured Reservoirs ◽  
Transverse Isotropy ◽  
Elastic Response ◽  
Moderate Degree ◽  
Fractured Reservoir ◽  
Seismic Amplitude ◽  
Amplitude Data

Tilted transverse isotropy (TTI) provides a useful model for the elastic response of a medium containing aligned fractures with a symmetry axis oriented obliquely in the vertical and horizontal coordinate directions. Robust methods for determining the TTI properties of a medium from seismic observations to characterize fractures are sought. Azimuthal differencing of seismic amplitude data produces quantities that are particularly sensitive to TTI properties. Based on the linear slip fracture model, we express the TTI stiffness matrix in terms of the normal and tangential fracture weaknesses. Perturbing stiffness parameters to simulate an interface separating an isotropic medium and a TTI medium, we derive a linearized P-to-P reflection coefficient expression in which the influence of tilt angle and fracture weaknesses separately emerge. We formulate a Bayesian inversion approach in which amplitude differences between seismic data along two azimuths, interpreted in terms of the reflection coefficient approximation, are used to determine fracture weaknesses and tilt angle. Tests with simulated data confirm that the unknown parameter vector involving fracture weakness and tilted fracture weaknesses is stably estimated from seismic data containing a moderate degree of additive Gaussian noise. The inversion approach is applied to a field surface seismic data acquired over a fractured reservoir; from it, interpretable tilted fracture weaknesses, consistent with expected reservoir geology, are obtained. We determine that our inversion approach and the established inversion workflow can produce the properties of systems of tilted fractures stably using azimuthal seismic amplitude differences, which may add important information for characterization of fractured reservoirs.

Influence of Lateral Shift on Normal Moveout of SH-Wave

2013 ◽  
Vol 838-841 ◽  
pp. 1530-1533
Author(s):  
An Ling Wang ◽  
Fu Ping Liu
Keyword(s):  
Reflection Coefficient ◽  
Data Processing ◽  
Error Correction ◽  
Seismic Data ◽  
Critical Angle ◽  
Large Error ◽  
Lateral Shift ◽  
Angle Of Incidence ◽  
Seismic Data Processing ◽  
Sh Wave

Using the lateral shift and shift time of reflection coefficient of SH seismic wave at the interface of strata, , we derived and given formulae of normal moveout of lateral shift, discussed the influence of lateral shift on normal moveout of SH-wave, and drawn the curves of normal moveout of lateral shift and the error of normal moveout caused by lateral shift with respect to the angle of incidence. The results show that for glancing wave or angle of incidence being near the critical angle, A large error can be caused by t lateral shift; The error correction of lateral shift should be done before seismic data processing.

Kirchhoff Migration of Crosswell Seismic Data

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Bloor ◽  
G. Yu ◽  
P. Bicquart ◽  
A. Cheng ◽  
J. Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Data ◽  
Kirchhoff Migration

Prestack Kirchhoff inversion of common‐offset data

Geophysics ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 52 (6) ◽  
pp. 745-754 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael F. Sullivan ◽  
Jack K. Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Reflection Coefficient ◽  
Seismic Data ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Constant Velocity ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Singular Function ◽  
Amplitude Function ◽  
Stratigraphic Analysis ◽  
Inversion Operator ◽  
Band Limited

In trying to resolve complex geologic structures, the pitfalls in employing the CDP method become evident. Additionally, stacking multioffset traces corrupts the amplitudes necessary for stratigraphic analysis. In order to preserve whatever structural and amplitude information is in the data, prestack processing should be performed. Given common‐offset data and the velocity above a reflector, prestack acoustic Kirchhoff inversion resolves the location of the interface. When amplitude information has been preserved in the data, the method additionally calculates the reflection coefficient at each interface point. For band‐limited seismic data, the inversion operator produces a sinc‐like picture of the reflector, with the peak amplitude of this band‐limited singular function equal to the angularly dependent reflection coefficient. The inversion development is based upon high‐frequency Kirchhoff data which are inserted into a general 3-D inversion operator. Asymptotically evaluating the four resulting integrals by the method of four‐dimensional stationary phase permits an inversion amplitude function to be chosen so that the inversion operator produces a singular function of support on the reflector, weighted by the reflection coefficient. Specializing the three‐dimensional inversion operator to two and one‐half dimensions allows for processing of single lines of common‐offset data. Synthetic examples illustrate the accuracy of the method for constant‐velocity Kirchhoff data, as well as the problems in applying constant‐velocity data to multivelocity models.

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