Integrated reservoir study, Lower Eocene Misoa reservoirs, VLA-6/9/21 Area, Block I, Phase 2, Stage 2, Lagunillas Field, north‐central Lake Maracaibo, Venezuela

Geophysics ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 1496-1509
Author(s):  
Sandra K. Raeuchle ◽  
William A. Ambrose ◽  
M. Saleem Akhter ◽  
Jhonny Casas ◽  
Lourdes Salamanca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linear Relationship ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
Amplitude Response ◽  
North Central ◽  
Lower Eocene ◽  
Field Development ◽  
Lake Maracaibo ◽  
Hydrocarbon Charge

Twenty‐eight geologically targeted, field development opportunities, including a variety of deeper pool opportunities that could significantly add to Maraven's (affiliate of PDVSA) reserve base, are identified in Lower Eocene Misoa reservoirs in the Stage 2 Area in Block I in north‐central Lake Maracaibo, Venezuela with the help of integrated geophysical, geological, petrophysical, and engineering analyses. Seismic rms amplitudes are instrumental in detecting and mapping trends of lithofacies and were integrated into stratigraphic models. Amplitude response to net sand thickness is a linear relationship. The amplitude signature also captures hydrocarbon charge as evidenced by bright amplitudes coincident with structural, fault‐bounded culminations. These direct hydrocarbon indicators (DHI) can result from as low as 2% miscible gas fraction within the hydrocarbon column.

Acquire Ocean Bottom Seismic Data and Time-Lapse Geochemistry Data Simultaneously to Identify Compartmentalization and Map Hydrocarbon Movement

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rick Schrynemeeckers
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Seismic Data ◽  
Time Lapse ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Ocean Bottom ◽  
Field Development ◽  
Dense Grid ◽  
Hydrocarbon Charge ◽  
Sweet Spots

Abstract Current offshore hydrocarbon detection methods employ vessels to collect cores along transects over structures defined by seismic imaging which are then analyzed by standard geochemical methods. Due to the cost of core collection, the sample density over these structures is often insufficient to map hydrocarbon accumulation boundaries. Traditional offshore geochemical methods cannot define reservoir sweet spots (i.e. areas of enhanced porosity, pressure, or net pay thickness) or measure light oil or gas condensate in the C7 – C15 carbon range. Thus, conventional geochemical methods are limited in their ability to help optimize offshore field development production. The capability to attach ultrasensitive geochemical modules to Ocean Bottom Seismic (OBS) nodes provides a new capability to the industry which allows these modules to be deployed in very dense grid patterns that provide extensive coverage both on structure and off structure. Thus, both high resolution seismic data and high-resolution hydrocarbon data can be captured simultaneously. Field trials were performed in offshore Ghana. The trial was not intended to duplicate normal field operations, but rather provide a pilot study to assess the viability of passive hydrocarbon modules to function properly in real world conditions in deep waters at elevated pressures. Water depth for the pilot survey ranged from 1500 – 1700 meters. Positive thermogenic signatures were detected in the Gabon samples. A baseline (i.e. non-thermogenic) signature was also detected. The results indicated the positive signatures were thermogenic and could easily be differentiated from baseline or non-thermogenic signatures. The ability to deploy geochemical modules with OBS nodes for reoccurring surveys in repetitive locations provides the ability to map the movement of hydrocarbons over time as well as discern depletion affects (i.e. time lapse geochemistry). The combined technologies will also be able to: Identify compartmentalization, maximize production and profitability by mapping reservoir sweet spots (i.e. areas of higher porosity, pressure, & hydrocarbon richness), rank prospects, reduce risk by identifying poor prospectivity areas, accurately map hydrocarbon charge in pre-salt sequences, augment seismic data in highly thrusted and faulted areas.

scholarly journals A phase 1 and randomized, placebo‐controlled phase 2 trial of bevacizumab plus dasatinib in patients with recurrent glioblastoma: Alliance/North Central Cancer Treatment Group N0872

Cancer ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 125 (21) ◽  
pp. 3790-3800 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evanthia Galanis ◽  
S. Keith Anderson ◽  
Erin L. Twohy ◽  
Xiomara W. Carrero ◽  
Jesse G. Dixon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Recurrent Glioblastoma ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
North Central ◽  
Phase 2 Trial

scholarly journals A decimal code for the development stages of maize and its relation to accumulated heat units.

1986 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.J.R. Groot ◽  
M.J. Kropff ◽  
F.J.H. Vossen ◽  
C.J.T. Spitters ◽  
R. Rabbinge
Keyword(s):  
Linear Relationship ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Secondary Growth ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Field Development ◽  
Development Stages ◽  
Heat Units ◽  
Code Growth

A detailed phenological scale for maize was developed for use under W. European conditions. Primary and secondary growth stages were distinguished and characterized with a decimal code. Growth stages were easily recognizable in the field. Development codes were related to an ontogenetic time expressed in accumulated temp. by using detailed phenological observations from 2 field experiments. An approx. linear relationship was found between accumulated temp. and development codes with a discontinuity around anthesis. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)

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