On: “An integrated surface and borehole seismic case study: Fort St. John Graben area, Alberta, Canada,” by R. C. Hinds, R. Kuzminski, N. L. Anderson, and B. R. Richards (November 1993 GEOPHYSICS, 58, p. 1662–1675).

Geophysics ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 59 (7) ◽  
pp. 1171-1171
Author(s):  
Miodrag M. Roksandic
Keyword(s):  
Case History ◽  
Seismic Profile ◽  
Interesting Case ◽  
Well Log ◽  
Profile Data ◽  
Vertical Seismic Profile ◽  
Vsp Data ◽  
Integrated Interpretation ◽  
Borehole Seismic

Hinds et al.’s paper is an interesting case history describing the acquisition and interpretive processing of VSP data and presenting an integrated interpretation of well log, surface seismic, and vertical seismic profile data. However, a question of principle arises. What is an integrated interpretation?

An integrated surface and borehole seismic case study: Fort St. John Graben area, Alberta, Canada

Geophysics ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 58 (11) ◽  
pp. 1662-1675
Author(s):  
Ronald C. Hinds ◽  
Richard Kuzmiski ◽  
Neil L. Anderson ◽  
Barry R. Richards
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Data ◽  
Seismic Profile ◽  
Well Log ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Seismic Control ◽  
Subsurface Geology ◽  
Vsp Data ◽  
Borehole Seismic ◽  
Sandstone Facies

The deltaic sandstones of the basal Kiskatinaw Formation (Stoddard Group, upper Mississippian) were preferentially deposited within structural lows in a regime characterized by faulting and structural subsidence. In the Fort St. John Graben area, northwest Alberta, Canada, these sandstone facies can form reservoirs where they are laterally sealed against the flanks of upthrown fault blocks. Exploration for basal Kiskatinaw reservoirs generally entails the acquisition and interpretation of surface seismic data prior to drilling. These data are used to map the grabens in which these sandstones were deposited, and the horst blocks which act as lateral seals. Subsequent to drilling, vertical seismic profile (VSP) surveys can be run. These data supplement the surface seismic and well log control in that: 1) VSP data can be directly correlated to surface seismic data. As a result, the surface seismic control can be accurately tied to the subsurface geology; 2) Multiples, identified on VSP data, can be deconvolved out of the surface seismic data; and 3) The subsurface, in the vicinity of the borehole, is more clearly resolved on the VSP data than on surface seismic control. On the Fort St. John Graben data set incorporated into this paper, faults which are not well resolved on the surface seismic data, are better delineated on VSP data. The interpretive processing of these data illustrate the use of the seismic profiling technique in the search for hydrocarbons in structurally complex areas.

Imaging below a complex overburden with borehole-seismic data

Geophysics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. S135-S150
Author(s):  
Jakob B. U. Haldorsen ◽  
Leif Jahren
Keyword(s):  
Economic Evaluation ◽  
Seismic Data ◽  
Seismic Profile ◽  
Profile Data ◽  
Vertical Seismic Profile ◽  
S Waves ◽  
Critical Information ◽  
Measured Polarization ◽  
Borehole Seismic

We have determined how the measured polarization and traveltime for P- and S-waves can be used directly with vertical seismic profile data for estimating the salt exit points in a salt-proximity survey. As with interferometry, the processes described use only local velocities. For the data analyzed in this paper, our procedures have confirmed the location, inferred from surface-seismic data, of the flank of a steeply dipping salt body near the well. This has provided us more confidence in the estimated reservoir extent moving toward the salt face, which in turn has added critical information for the economic evaluation of a possible new well into the reservoir. We also have found that ray-based vector migration, based on the assumptions of locally plane wavefronts and locally plane formation interfaces, can be used to create 3D reflection images of steeply dipping sediments near the well, again using only local velocities. Our local reflection images have helped confirm the dips of the sediments between the well and the salt flank. Because all parameters used in these processes are local and can be extracted from the data themselves, the processes can be considered to be self-sufficient.

Specular interferometric imaging of vertical seismic profile data

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. SW57-SW62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunsong Huang ◽  
Ruiqing He ◽  
Chaiwoot Boonyasiriwat ◽  
Yi Luo ◽  
Gerard Schuster
Keyword(s):  
Ray Tracing ◽  
Field Data ◽  
Seismic Profile ◽  
The Other ◽  
Interferometric Imaging ◽  
Profile Data ◽  
Vertical Seismic Profile ◽  
Ghost Image ◽  
Primary Image ◽  
Vsp Data

We introduce the concept of seminatural migration of multiples in vertical seismic profile (VSP) data, denoted as specular interferometric migration, in which part of the kernel is computed by ray tracing and the other part is obtained from the data. It has the advantage over standard migration of ghost reflections, in that the well statics are eliminated and the migration image is no more sensitive to velocity errors than migration of VSP primaries. Moreover, the VSP ghost image has significantly more subsurface illumination than the VSP primary image. The synthetic and field data results validate the effectiveness of this method.

PRACTICAL USE OF BOREHOLE SEISMIC IN EXPLORATION

1984 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 429
Author(s):  
F. Sandnes W. L. Nutt ◽  
S. G. Henry
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Data ◽  
Seismic Profile ◽  
Seismic Survey ◽  
Vertical Seismic Profile ◽  
Direct Signal ◽  
Seismic Fault ◽  
Time Calibration ◽  
Vsp Data ◽  
Borehole Seismic ◽  
Processing Techniques

The improvement of acquisition and processing techniques has made it possible to study seismic wavetrains in boreholes.With careful acquisition procedures and quantitative data processing, one can extract useful information on the propagation of seismic events through the earth, on generation of multiples and on the different reflections coming from horizons that may not all be accessible by surface seismic.An extensive borehole seismic survey was conducted in a well in Conoco's contract area 'Block B' in the South China Sea. Shots at 96 levels were recorded, and the resulting Vertical Seismic Profile (VSP) was carefully processed and analyzed together with the Synthetic Seismogram (Geogram*) and the Synthetic Vertical Seismic Profile (Synthetic VSP).In addition to the general interpretation of the VSP data, i.e. time calibration of surface seismic, fault identification, VSP trace inversion and VSP Direct Signal Analysis, the practical inclusion of VSP data in the reprocessing of surface seismic data was studied. Conclusions that can be drawn are that deconvolution of surface seismic data using VSP data must be carefully approached and that VSP can be successfully used to examine phase relationships in seismic data.

An integrated surface seismic/seismic profile case study: Simonette area, Alberta

Geophysics ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 58 (11) ◽  
pp. 1676-1688
Author(s):  
Ronald C. Hinds ◽  
Neil L. Anderson ◽  
Richard Kuzmiski
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Data ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Seismic Profile ◽  
Viable Alternative ◽  
Target Area ◽  
Vertical Seismic Profile ◽  
Subsurface Geology ◽  
Well Location ◽  
Vsp Data

On the basis of conventional surface seismic data, the 13–15–63–25W5M exploratory well was drilled into a low‐relief Leduc Formation reef (Devonian Woodbend Group) in the Simonette area, west‐central Alberta, Canada. The well was expected to intersect the crest of the reef and encounter about 50–60 m of pay; unfortunately it was drilled into a flank position and abandoned. The decision to abandon the well, as opposed to whipstocking in the direction of the reef crest, was made after the acquisition and interpretive processing of both near( and far‐offset (252 and 524 m, respectively) vertical seismic profile (VSP) data, and after the reanalysis of existing surface seismic data. The near‐ and far‐offset VSPs were run and interpreted while the drill rig remained on‐site, with the immediate objectives of: (1) determining an accurate tie between the surface seismic data and the subsurface geology; and (2) mapping relief along the top of the reef over a distance of 150 m from the 13–15 well location in the direction of the adjacent productive 16–16 well (with a view to whipstocking). These surveys proved to be cost‐effective in that the operators were able to determine that the crest of the reef was out of the target area, and that whipstocking was not a viable alternative. The use of VSP surveys in this situation allowed the operators to avoid the costs associated with whipstocking, and to feel confident with their decision to abandon the well.

SV-P extraction and imaging for far-offset vertical seismic profile data

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. SW27-SW35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yandong Li ◽  
Bob A. Hardage
Keyword(s):  
Ray Tracing ◽  
Marcellus Shale ◽  
Seismic Profile ◽  
P Wave ◽  
Time Varying ◽  
Profile Data ◽  
Vertical Seismic Profile ◽  
Optimal Receiver ◽  
Common Depth Point ◽  
Vsp Data

We have analyzed vertical seismic profile (VSP) data acquired across a Marcellus Shale prospect and found that SV-P reflections could be extracted from far-offset VSP data generated by a vertical-vibrator source using time-variant receiver rotations. Optimal receiver rotation angles were determined by a dynamic steering of geophones to the time-varying approach directions of upgoing SV-P reflections. These SV-P reflections were then imaged using a VSP common-depth-point transformation based on ray tracing. Comparisons of our SV-P image with P-P and P-SV images derived from the same offset VSP data found that for deep targets, SV-P data created an image that extended farther from the receiver well than P-P and P-SV images and that spanned a wider offset range than P-P and P-SV images do. A comparison of our VSP SV-P image with a surface-based P-SV profile that traversed the VSP well demonstrated that SV-P data were equivalent to P-SV data for characterizing geology and that a VSP-derived SV-P image could be used to calibrate surface-recorded SV-P data that were generated by P-wave sources.

scholarly journals VSP polarization angles determination: Wysin-1 processing case study

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (5) ◽  
pp. 1047-1062 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mateusz Zaręba ◽  
Tomasz Danek
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Data ◽  
Seismic Profile ◽  
Seismic Data Processing ◽  
Profile Data ◽  
Experiment Data ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Walkaway Vsp ◽  
Anisotropy Parameters ◽  
Borehole Seismic

Abstract In this paper, we present an analysis of borehole seismic data processing procedures required to obtain high-quality vertical stacks and polarization angles in the case of walkaway VSP (vertical seismic profile) data gathered in challenging conditions. As polarization angles are necessary for more advanced procedures like anisotropy parameters determination, their quality is critical for proper media description. Examined Wysin-1 VSP experiment data indicated that the best results can be obtained when rotation is performed for each shot on data after de-noising and vertical stacking of un-rotated data. Additionally, we proposed a procedure of signal matching that can substantially increase data quality.

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