Sea‐ice thickness measurement using a small airborne electromagnetic sounding system

Geophysics ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 55 (10) ◽  
pp. 1327-1337 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Kovacs ◽  
J. S. Holladay
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Current Model ◽  
Field Evaluation ◽  
Field Testing ◽  
Thickness Measurement ◽  
Ice Thickness ◽  
Sea Ice Thickness ◽  
Pressure Ridge ◽  
Ice Floes ◽  
Induction Sounding

The evaluation of a small electromagnetic induction sounding system for use in airborne measurement of sea‐ice thickness is discussed, as are the results from arctic field testing. Also outlined are the system noise and drift problems encountered during arctic field evaluation, problems which adversely affected the quality of the sounding data. The sea‐ice sounding results indicate that for ice floes with moderate relief it should be possible to determine thickness to within 5 percent, but that because of sounding footprint size and current model algorithm constraints, steep‐sided pressure ridge keels cannot be well defined. The findings also indicate that with further system improvement the day of routine sea‐ice thickness profiling from an airborne platform is close at hand.

scholarly journals Sea-ice thickness and roughness in the Ross Sea, Antarctica

2001 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 187-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tina Tin ◽  
Martin O. Jeffries
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Sea Ice ◽  
Ross Sea ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Ice Thickness ◽  
Snow Surface ◽  
Sea Ice Thickness ◽  
Antarctic Sea Ice ◽  
Ice Roughness ◽  
Ice Floes

AbstractSea-ice thickness and roughness data collected on three cruises in the Ross Sea, Antarctica, showed interseasonal, regional and interannual variability. Variability was reduced to season, or age of ice floe, when sea-ice roughness values from around Antarctica were compared. There were statistically significant correlations between mean snow elevation and mean ice thickness; snow surface roughness and mean ice thickness; and snow surface roughness and ice bottom roughness, which appeared to be independent of season, geographical location and deformation history of ice floes. Our field data indicate that ice thickness can be predicted from snow elevation measurements with higher accuracy in summer. The feasibility of using snow surface roughness to infer ice thickness and ice bottom roughness is promising, and can provide us with a means to study the thickness and underside of Antarctic sea ice at good spatial and temporal resolution.

scholarly journals GROUND PENETRATING RADAR DATA INTERPRETATION USING ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD ANALYSIS FOR SEA ICE THICKNESS MEASUREMENT

2019 ◽  
Vol XLII-3/W7 ◽  
pp. 47-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Matsumoto ◽  
M. Yoshimura ◽  
K. Naoki ◽  
K. Cho ◽  
H. Wakabayashi
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Field ◽  
Sea Ice ◽  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Thickness Measurement ◽  
Field Analysis ◽  
Ice Thickness ◽  
Sea Ice Thickness ◽  
Ground Penetrating ◽  
Snow And Ice

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Observation of sea ice thickness by remote sensing is one of key issues to understand an effect of global warming. However, ground truth must be necessary to discuss this kind of approach. Although there are several methods to acquire ice thickness, Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) can be good solution because it can discriminate snow-ice and ice-sea water interface thanks to comparative higher spatial resolution than the other methods. In this paper, we carried out GPR measurement in brackish lake and an electromagnetic field analysis in order to interpret the GPR data. The simulation model was assumed considering the actual snow and ice thickness acquired in field measurement. From the simulation results, although it seems difficult to identify the reflection at snow and ice interface due to a thin layer thickness and a low dielectric constant, snow and ice thickness may be estimated by using multiple reflection components.</p>

The footprint/altitude ratio for helicopter electromagnetic sounding of sea‐ice thickness: Comparison of theoretical and field estimates

Geophysics ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 374-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Austin Kovacs ◽  
J. Scott Holladay ◽  
Clyde J. Bergeron
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Ice Thickness ◽  
Remote Measurement ◽  
Sea Ice Thickness ◽  
Airborne Measurements ◽  
Sensing Technology ◽  
Induction Sounding ◽  
Coil Antenna ◽  
Ice Water ◽  
Lateral Variations

Helicopter‐towed electromagnetic (HEM) induction sounding systems are typically used for geologic surveys. More recently, HEM systems have been used for the remote measurement of sea‐ice thickness and shallow sea bathymetry. An important aspect of this remote sensing technology is the area, or footprint, in which the secondary field is predominantly generated by induced currents. A knowledge of the size of the footprint is important to understanding the accuracy of HEM sounding results over lateral variations in relief or conductivity. Conventional wisdom among workers in the field held that the footprint diameter is a few times the HEM antenna altitude. We confirm this view using airborne measurements over sea ice to calculate the footprint size/antenna altitude ratio. These findings are compared to various theoretical estimates and are found to be in reasonable agreement. For a vertical coaxial coil antenna arrangement, the apparent footprint diameter was found to be about 1.3 times the antenna height above the sea‐ice/water interface, and for a horizontal coplanar coil figuration the ratio is about 3.8 times the antenna height.

scholarly journals Predicting the Motions of Drifting Open Pack Ice

1979 ◽  
Vol 24 (90) ◽  
pp. 501-502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uri Feldman ◽  
Philip J. Howarth
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Remotely Sensed ◽  
Ice Thickness ◽  
List Type ◽  
Remotely Sensed Data ◽  
Surface Drag ◽  
Sea Ice Thickness ◽  
Drag Coefficients ◽  
Pack Ice ◽  
Ice Floes

Abstract Methods based on remotely-sensed data are needed to predict motions of drifting open pack ice and to determine sea-ice parameters associated with these motions. The method presented here is able: (a) to predict the motions of groups of wind-driven detached ice floes over periods of 12, 36, and 60 h; (b) to determine sea-ice thickness and the surface and sub-surface drag coefficients associated with these motions.

scholarly journals Ship-borne electromagnetic induction Sounding of Sea-ice thickness in the Southern Sea of Okhotsk

2006 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 253-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shotaro Uto ◽  
Takenobu Toyota ◽  
Haruhito Shimoda ◽  
Kazutaka Tateyama ◽  
Kunio Shirasawa
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Sea Of Okhotsk ◽  
Theoretical Calculations ◽  
Multilayered Structure ◽  
Ice Thickness ◽  
Total Thickness ◽  
Sea Ice Thickness ◽  
Inductive Instrument ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Induction Sounding

AbstractRecent observations have revealed that dynamical thickening is dominant in the growth process of Sea ice in the Southern Sea of Okhotsk. That indicates the importance of understanding the nature of thick deformed ice in this area. The objective of the present paper is to establish a Ship-based method for observing the thickness of deformed ice with reasonable accuracy. Since February 2003, one of the authors has engaged in the core Sampling using a Small basket from the icebreaker Soya. Based on these results, we developed a new model which expressed the internal Structure of pack ice in the Southern Sea of Okhotsk, as a one-dimensional multilayered Structure. Since 2004, the electromagnetic (EM) inductive Sounding of Sea-ice thickness has been conducted on board Soya. By combining the model and theoretical calculations, a new algorithm was developed for transforming the output of the EM inductive instrument to ice + Snow thickness (total thickness). Comparison with total thickness by drillhole observations Showed fair agreement. The probability density functions of total thickness in 2004 and 2005 Showed Some difference, which reflected the difference of fractions of thick deformed ice.

Sea-ice thickness measurement based on the dispersion of ice swell

2012 ◽  
Vol 131 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Marsan ◽  
Jérôme Weiss ◽  
Eric Larose ◽  
Jean-Philippe Métaxian
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Thickness Measurement ◽  
Ice Thickness ◽  
Sea Ice Thickness

scholarly journals Electromagnetic Induction Sounding of Sea Ice Thickness

1996 ◽  
Author(s):  
Austin Kovacs ◽  
Deborah Diemand ◽  
John J. Bayer ◽  
Jr
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Electromagnetic Induction ◽  
Ice Thickness ◽  
Sea Ice Thickness ◽  
Induction Sounding
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