The seismic refraction method: A viable tool for mapping shallow targets into the 1990s

Geophysics ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 54 (12) ◽  
pp. 1535-1542 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert W. Lankston
Keyword(s):  
Function Analysis ◽  
Seismic Refraction ◽  
Data Interpretation ◽  
Control Factor ◽  
A Value ◽  
Refraction Method ◽  
Refraction Seismic ◽  
Hidden Layer ◽  
Reciprocal Method ◽  
Interpretation Method

Geometrical considerations show that first arrivals can be recorded from below hidden layers. A certain minimum amount of data must be collected in order to resolve lateral versus vertical subsurface changes and thereby to determine the interpretation method. Field procedures, therefore, are independent of the interpretation method. The optimum XY parameter in the generalized reciprocal method (GRM) of processing refraction seismic data is significant as a quality control factor in refraction data interpretation. By comparison of the optimum XY value that is recovered through velocity analysis and time‐depth function analysis with a value for optimum XY that is calculated from the migrated depth section, the hidden‐layer condition can be recognized. In addition to identifying the hidden‐layer condition on the basis of first arrivals alone, the GRM allows the hidden layers to be accommodated; and depth precisions of less than 5% are possible.

scholarly journals Identification of Landfill Using Refraction Seismic Method in LIPI Area - Bandung

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-37
Author(s):  
Resi Wasilatus Syifa ◽  
Nur Ichsan Sumardani ◽  
Nur Amalia Dewi ◽  
Teti Febrianti ◽  
Jauhari Arifin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Subsurface Layer ◽  
Seismic Refraction ◽  
Thick Layer ◽  
Data Interpretation ◽  
P Wave ◽  
P Wave Velocity ◽  
Refraction Seismic ◽  
Soil Deposits ◽  
Soil Structures

Research has been carried out using seismic refraction in the LIPI area - Bandung, which aims to determine the land of embankment in the area. Retrieval of field data was carried out using geometric  Es-3000 tool along 46 meters with a spacing of 2 meters and a 7 shoot punch consisting of 2 phantom shoots beginning and ending. Data processing is done by the first step, namely by geometric editing so that data can be read by the computer. The inversion process is done by seismimager software which consists of pickwin to extract data and plotera for modeling the subsurface layer. The results of the data interpretation show the P wave velocity from 315 - 435 m / s. layer grouping based on P wave velocity is at the first color layer having a wave velocity of about 315 - 342 m / s, the second color layer has a wave speed of 355-382 m / s, and the third color layer has a speed of 359 - 422 m / s and thick layer more than 435. Based on the lithological classification of subsurface rock layers, this study area tends to have a layer of soil type with a depth of 5 meters, and can be said to be a layer of soil deposits because of the formation of soil structures that tend to be new

Experience with the generalized reciprocal method of seismic refraction interpretation for shallow engineering site investigation

Geophysics ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. Hatherly ◽  
M. J. Neville
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Refraction ◽  
Site Investigation ◽  
Complex Environments ◽  
Site Investigations ◽  
Shallow Seismic ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Refraction Method ◽  
Close Cooperation ◽  
Processing Techniques ◽  
Reciprocal Method

The shallow seismic refraction method has been used routinely during the initial investigation at many dam sites in New South Wales. By using computer processing techniques and advanced interpretational features of the generalized reciprocal method, it has been possible to derive a picture of the subsurface layering from the refraction results even in geologically complex environments. Close cooperation between the geophysicist and geologist is necessary to ensure proper use of the seismic results. The results may be used to guide subsequent drilling programs and to aid design and construction. This approach to engineering site investigations is demonstrated with results from two recent investigations.

scholarly journals A comparative study for structural bedrock delineation by using conventional geophysical methods

2001 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 1301
Author(s):  
Τ. Δ. ΠΑΠΑΔΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ ◽  
I. A. ΑΛΕΞΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ ◽  
Π. Ι. ΚΑΜΠΟΥΡΗΣ
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Refraction ◽  
Geophysical Methods ◽  
Clear Distinction ◽  
The Past ◽  
Tectonic Processes ◽  
Refraction Method ◽  
Limestone Bedrock ◽  
Modern Analysis ◽  
Seismic Refraction Method ◽  
Effective Design

In this paper is examined the potential and effectiveness of two conventional geophysical methods in geotechnical research. The seismic refraction method that has been successfully used in the past for subsurface bedrock delineation in foundation projects, failed to indicate clear distinction between flysch and limestone bedrock material in the area under investigation. This failure is due to the macro-anisotropy structure of the limestone that resulted from joints, tectonic processes or/and karstic phenomena and later fillings of the voids with argillaceous material. The geoelectrical method of vertical sounding, on the other hand, although provided a clear distinction for the bedrock characterization, failed to distinguish the overburden cover from the underlain flysch formation. Finally, in this paper it is shown that for a successful application of geophysical work in  geotechnical research, it is required effective design, utilization of modern analysis methods and handling more than geophysical methods.

scholarly journals EFISIENSI PENGGUNAAN FAKTOR PRODUKSI DAN PENDAPATAN USAHATANI TUMPANGSARI STROBERI-BAWANG DAUN DI DESA SERANG KECAMATAN KARANGREJA KABUPATEN PURBALINGGA

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Savira Kusumadewi ◽  
Djeimy Kusnaman ◽  
Irene Kartika Eka Wijayanti
Keyword(s):  
Function Analysis ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Production Factor ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
Land Area ◽  
Production Factors ◽  
A Value ◽  
C Value ◽  
Seed Area

Strawberry (Fragaria sp.)  is a type of fruit that has high economic value. An to increase the income of strawberry farmers is by intercropping with leek. To understand the efficiency of the farming the by using production input. This research aims to 1) analyze the effect of the use of production factors, 2) analyze the level of efficiency in the use of production factors, and 3) to analyze the profit level of intercropping strawberries-leek in Serang Village, Karangreja District, Purbalingga Regency. There are 35 samples obtained using simple random sampling. The analysis was performed using the Cobb Douglass production function analysis, the NPM / BKM ratio and farm income analysis. The results of this research were the use of production factors, seed; area; labor; and insecticides partially affected the production of intercropping strawberries, while the production factors of chicken-husk fertilizer; NPK-Phonska fertilizer; other fertilizers; and fungicides had no effect on the production of intercropping strawberries. The production factors for seeds; labor; and insecticides have an NPM-BKM ratio value greater than one where the use of these inputs is not efficient. Meanwhile, the production factor for land area has an NPM-BKM ratio value of less than one where the use of these inputs is not efficient. R / C for cash costs was 4.61 and R / C for total costs was 1.09. The R / C value for both cash costs and total costs has a value greater than one, so the strawberry and leek intercropping farming in Serang Village can be said to be profitable.

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