On: “Ionospheric induced very low frequency electric field wavetilt changes” by D. V. Thiel and I. J. Chant (GEOPHYSICS, January, 1982, p. 60–62)

Geophysics ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 48 (12) ◽  
pp. 1697-1697
Author(s):  
Ramesh P. Singh ◽  
D. Rankin

The paper by Thiel and Chant reports the well‐known sunrise and sunset effect which in micropulsation studies is referred to as the dawn and dusk “chorus.” However, we disagree with the interpretation of these authors. Their choice of wavetilt as the diagnostic function is slightly misleading since they are essentially measuring at the surface of the earth despite the unfortunate location of their magnetic sensor at a height of 4 m and presumably in a building. In this case the wavetilt [Formula: see text] according to their equation (1) is equivalent to [Formula: see text] where [Formula: see text] is the impedance of the earth and [Formula: see text] is the impedance of free space. This result is independent of the mode of propagation but certainly at their distance of 4000 km is predominantly the sky wave except during the dawn and dusk periods. The turbulence due to the formation or breakup of the D‐layer in the ionosphere virtually destroys the ionospheric reflected component which is the dominant contributor to the field incident on the earth. We suggest that during most of the day the authors are measuring the impedance of the earth scaled by a numerical constant.

Geophysics ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. V. Thiel ◽  
I. J. Chant

Very low‐frequency (VLF) electric field wavetilt measurements were made continuously over a period of four months at a fixed location. Daytime and nighttime values of the wavetilt were found to be relatively constant. During sunrise and sunset the wavetilt decreased to 20 percent of the daytime value, making wavetilt measurements meaningless for two three‐hour intervals during a 24 hour period. A mechanism involving modal interference is postulated.This phenomenon may be a problem in other passive electromagnetic (EM) prospecting systems including audio‐frequency magnetic and audiomagnetotelluric.


2020 ◽  
Vol E103.C (8) ◽  
pp. 345-352
Author(s):  
Zhongyuan ZHOU ◽  
Mingjie SHENG ◽  
Peng LI ◽  
Peng HU ◽  
Qi ZHOU

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 207-230
Author(s):  
Yuriy Rapoport ◽  
Vladimir Grimalsky ◽  
Viktor Fedun ◽  
Oleksiy Agapitov ◽  
John Bonnell ◽  
...  

Abstract. The modeling of very low-frequency (VLF) electromagnetic (EM) beam propagation in the Earth–ionosphere waveguide (WGEI) is considered. A new tensor impedance method for modeling the propagation of electromagnetic beams in a multi-layered and inhomogeneous waveguide is presented. The waveguide is assumed to possess the gyrotropy and inhomogeneity with a thick cover layer placed above the waveguide. The influence of geomagnetic field inclination and carrier beam frequency on the characteristics of the polarization transformation in the Earth–ionosphere waveguide is determined. The new method for modeling the propagation of electromagnetic beams allows us to study the (i) propagation of the very low-frequency modes in the Earth–ionosphere waveguide and, in perspective, their excitation by the typical Earth–ionosphere waveguide sources, such as radio wave transmitters and lightning discharges, and (ii) leakage of Earth–ionosphere waveguide waves into the upper ionosphere and magnetosphere. The proposed approach can be applied to the variety of problems related to the analysis of the propagation of electromagnetic waves in layered gyrotropic and anisotropic active media in a wide frequency range, e.g., from the Earth–ionosphere waveguide to the optical waveband, for artificial signal propagation such as metamaterial microwave or optical waveguides.


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