SEISMIC STRATIGRAPHIC EXPLORATION PART II

Geophysics ◽  
1971 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 533-553 ◽  
Author(s):  
John D. Marr
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Oil Field ◽  
Additional Case ◽  
Barrier Reef ◽  
Case Histories ◽  
Reef Complex ◽  
Reef Type ◽  
Strand Line

Past seismic stratigraphic exploration capabilities, which found large amounts of oil with crude tools from 1938 to 1962, are illustrated with three additional case histories covering a contribution to the discovery of the only super‐giant reef‐type oil field in the United States, the discovery of a thin sand pinchout reservoir along a strand line, and an exploration method for the delineation of a barrier reef complex and the overlying compaction fold complex. Present and future seismic stratigraphic exploration capabilities will be presented in Part III in the August, 1971 issue of Geophysics.

SEISMIC STRATIGRAPHIC EXPLORATION—PART I

Geophysics ◽  
1971 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 311-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
John D. Marr
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Basic Problem ◽  
Direct Detection ◽  
Petroleum Industry ◽  
The United States ◽  
Additional Case ◽  
Saturated Sand ◽  
Case Histories ◽  
Oil Reserves ◽  
Future Potential

The basic problem to be solved in stratigraphic exploration always has been the same—how to develop and use practical techniques which have the capability of finding large stratigraphic oil reserves at a profit. If the petroleum industry in the United States is going to discover in domestic areas the huge reserves which are obviously required for the future, seismic stratigraphic exploration will have to be accepted by the industry and play a major role in the discovery. Seismic stratigraphic exploration must, therefore, be described in such a way that management can visualize it as practical and potentially profitable with proven past accomplishments, with important new capability not yet in application, and with significant future potential. Past seismic stratigraphic exploration capabilities, which found large amounts of oil with crude tools from 1938 to 1962, are illustrated with three case histories covering the probable direct detection of a hydrocarbon‐saturated sand, the discovery of saturated lenticular sands over the area of a tilted out ancestral structure, and the delineation of a flank type stratigraphic trap. Three additional case histories will be presented in Part II in the next issue of Geophysics.

Sludge Disposal to Sea: North American Viewpoint

1982 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 109-125
Author(s):  
W F Garber
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
United States ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Specific Problem ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Environmental Movement ◽  
The United States ◽  
Case Histories ◽  
Sludge Disposal ◽  
Environmentally Responsible

A review of sludge disposal to sea in North America involves sociological and political as well as technical, scientific or engineering considerations. The review of the interrelationships between these differing types of interests has appeared to be most intense in the United States. Not because of a lesser concern in Canada and Mexico; but because of factors such as the location of most major population centers along the sea coasts, the resulting possibility of environmental problems from waste discharges and the intensity and influence of the environmental movement. From the standpoint of a city or other agency attempting to dispose of solids residual from waste-water treatment in a manner which is both environmentally responsible and economically reasonable, the laws and regulations arising out of the complex of interest cited above pose almost impossible problems. Basic decisions are made by the courts and agency administrators and apply nationwide rather than allowing evaluation of each specific problem. Furthermore, laws applying to air, land and water (sea) pollution conflict so that environmentally responsible solutions become difficult to impossible. Case histories with an outline of the controlling legislation, development of standards and measure of the actual dimensions of such discharge is presented.

The Economics of Old Field Oil Supply

1989 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Richard D. Farmer
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
The United States ◽  
Oil Field ◽  
Oil Fields ◽  
Crude Oil Price ◽  
Old Field ◽  
Price Controls ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Production Losses

Most additions to proved reserves of crude oil in the United States are associated with reserve revisions and reservoir extensions, which derive exclusively from the continuing development of known oil fields. This paper reviews the major activities pursued by oil field operators that determine the level of production from those fields. Reported reserve additions reflect the consequencies of these activities for the productive capability of old fields and, thus, should be expected to be related to the costs and benefits of investing in such activities. A simple econometric, analysis is presented that demonstrates the influence of oil prices, lifting costs, taxes, and crude oil price controls on reported reserve revisions and extensions for the United States for the period 1970–1986. The strength of the relationship evaluated is particularly striking in light of the year-to-year variability of revisions data noted in other studies. Based on the economic perspective of reserve additions outlined here, U.S. reserves data for 1986 are used to provide a look at the activities that may thus be presumed to have led to the production losses recorded in that watershed year.

scholarly journals The Total S.A. Case: Meaning of “Investment” under the ILSA

1998 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. 539-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rex J. Zedalis
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Clinton Administration ◽  
The United States ◽  
Oil Field ◽  
Executive Order ◽  
Oil Companies ◽  
Petroleum Resources ◽  
Petroleum Development ◽  
Oil Company ◽  
The U.S

On March 7, 1995, Conoco oil company of Houston, Texas, announced that it had entered into a contract with Iran to have a Netherlands-based affiliate assist in the development of the Sirri Island oil field. In response, the Clinton administration issued Executive Order No. 12,957, prohibiting participation by U.S. entities in the development of Iranian petroleum resources. Eventually, Conoco withdrew from its contract, but in early May of 1995 the administration stepped up its pressure on Iran by issuing Executive Order No. 12,959, prohibiting U.S. entities from using foreign entities they owned or controlled to make investments in or conduct trade transactions with Iran. On July 13 of that year, the French oil company Total S.A. entered into an agreement with Iran to replace Conoco in developing the Sirri Island field, and over the next several months Iran struck nearly a dozen petroleum development agreements worth in excess of $50 million each with other foreign oil companies. Within a couple of months, both Houses of the U.S. Congress took up consideration of proposals to complicate Iran’s ability to develop its hydrocarbon resources. By the end of 1995, the proposals, which even extended to wholly foreign entities organized and operating outside the United States, had come to include Libya as well. Final passage of one of the proposals, specifically, H.R. 3107, took place in the Senate and the House in July 1996. It was signed into law as the Iran and Libya Sanctions Act (ILSA) on August 5.

Differences in beliefs and attitudes toward Depression and Schizophrenia in Russia and the United States

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (5) ◽  
pp. 388-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karine S Nersessova ◽  
Tomas Jurcik ◽  
Timothy L Hulsey
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Psychosocial Stress ◽  
Mental Health Literacy ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
Case Histories ◽  
Professional Help ◽  
Corrective Information ◽  
Beliefs And Attitudes

Background: Cross-cultural studies find that culture shapes people’s understanding of mental illnesses, particularly Depression and Schizophrenia. Aims: To compare individuals’ beliefs and attitudes toward Depression and Schizophrenia in Russia and the United States. Method: Participants ( N=607) were presented with vignettes of two diagnostically unlabeled psychiatric case histories and then answered questions regarding mental health literacy (MHL) and attitudes toward the person and the illness. Results: Our findings indicate that Depression was most often attributed to psychosocial stress while Schizophrenia was thought to be caused by biological factors. People from both countries considered those suffering from Schizophrenia to be unpredictable and dangerous. US participants were more likely to endorse lay and professional help for both disorders than their Russian counterparts. Russian participants reported being less likely to turn to someone they trust and more likely to deal with problems on their own. Russian participants were also more likely to view those with Depression as ‘weak-willed’ and leading an ‘immoral lifestyle’. Conclusion: Our findings further inform cultural understandings of these mental illnesses in an often neglected national group. Patterns suggest that both groups may benefit from exposure to corrective information about Depression and Schizophrenia.

What was it like to suffer from obsessional disorder in the United States, 1840–1950?

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-131
Author(s):  
Mackson Strayer
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
College Student ◽  
The United States ◽  
Case Histories ◽  
Patient Case ◽  
Time Period ◽  
History Of ◽  
Patients Experience

The time period from 1840 to 1950 was one of rapid, dramatic change in the experience of suffering from and receiving treatment for obsessional disorder in the United States. Several patient case histories are discussed in detail, including those of a theology professor’s acquaintance (1844), a wealthy gentleman (1880), a hosiery shop proprietor (1938), and a former college student (1949). Although the focus here is on the patients’ experience, many broader aspects of the history of obsessional disorder are also explored.

scholarly journals Case Histories of GPR for Animal Burrows Mapping and Geometry

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Sherrod ◽  
William Sauck ◽  
Edward Simpson ◽  
Dale Werkema ◽  
Jarred Swiontek
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Invasive Technique ◽  
Case Histories ◽  
Tree Roots ◽  
Severe Injuries ◽  
Rotary Drilling ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Animal Burrows ◽  
Wide Range

Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) has a wide range of applications, from geologic mapping to concrete inspection. A recently emerging GPR application is deployment in biological investigations as a non-invasive technique. Geophysical mapping of features such as tree roots and turtle burrows has proved valuable for the understanding of these subsurface systems for ecological, environmental, or engineering purposes. Four case histories of GPR investigations pertaining to animal burrows are described: cutter ants in Brazil, groundhogs in Michigan, and groundhogs, and burrowing bees in Pennsylvania. Cutter ants ( Atta spp.) in Amazonian Brazil are known to construct burrows of nearly the same dimensions as groundhogs as they excavate galleries up to 7 m deep for leaf storage. Cutter ant burrows are hazardous to heavy equipment and may also cause loss of mud circulation during rotary drilling. Groundhogs ( Marmota monax), found throughout the United States, cause unseen hazards, particularly for equestrian facilities where a sudden collapse can cause severe injuries to both horse and rider. Burrowing bees ( Colletes inaequalis) are common in the northeastern United States. The size of the bee burrows is significantly smaller than that of the cutter ants and the groundhogs. The data for these surveys were collected over a twenty-year span, crossing several generations of survey equipment and processing techniques. Together, these four case histories highlight the historic and current capabilities of GPR systems applied to mapping subsurface burrow systems. These examples demonstrate the important impact near surface heterogeneities have in altering ecological, environmental, or engineering systems and the utility of GPR for mapping such heterogeneities.

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