APPLICATION OF WELL LOGGING TECHNIQUES IN METALLIC MINERAL MINING

Geophysics ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. W. Baltosser ◽  
H. W. Lawrence
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Exploration ◽  
Petroleum Industry ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Well Logging ◽  
Nuclear Radiation ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Seismic Velocities ◽  
Groundwater Movement ◽  
Metallic Mineral ◽  
Shear Modes

Nearly all of the well logging devices currently used in the petroleum industry have found some limited application in metallic mineral exploration and mining. However, due to differing problems, the emphasis in the mineral industries has been on those devices regarded as “exotic” or “specialty” by the petroleum industry. These include devices to measure or determine induced polarization, magnetic susceptibility, and, hopefully, nuclear activation and the use of spectral analysis. Problems which the mining industry believes are solvable with well logging methods include bulk assay and recognition of minerals adjacent to and retired from a borehole, delineation of joint and fracture systems, leaching problems which involve porosity, permeability and groundwater movement, bank stability in open pit mines, roof and pillar loading in shaft mines, grindability, and penetration rates in drilling. Devices currently offered by the well logging industry which may be useful for these problems include those capable of measuring electrical properties, natural and induced nuclear radiation, seismic velocities of both compressional and shear modes, temperature, mechanical features of a borehole such as diameter and rugosity, and borehole photography either direct or by television.

scholarly journals Mine Development - The Practitioner's View

1981 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 85
Author(s):  
G. Barry Finlayson ◽  
G. C. Stevens
Keyword(s):  
Joint Venture ◽  
Mineral Exploration ◽  
Petroleum Industry ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Project Financing ◽  
Mine Development ◽  
Exploration And Development

The framework for mineral exploration and development agreements is not always similar to the pattern developed for similar undertakings in the petroleum industry. This paper describes the basic formats for option agreements and to the extent that there is any uniformity joint venture associations that are commonly used in the mining industry. The role and the components of project financing in mine development are also briefly reviewed.

The Obstacles and Opportunities of the Mineral Resources in the Kurdistan Region, Iraq

2021 ◽  
Vol 54 (2D) ◽  
pp. 98-112
Author(s):  
Hamed M. Jassim
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Exploration ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Education Institution ◽  
Thrust Fault ◽  
Arabian Plate ◽  
Regional Government ◽  
Kurdistan Region ◽  
Metallic Mineral ◽  
Different Sources

The Kurdistan Region in Iraq is located in the extreme northeastern part of the Arabian Plate which is in a collision since the Late Cretaceous with the Iranian Plate. Therefore, large ophiolite bodies have been thrust along the northeastern margins of Kurdistan Region; accordingly, different metallic mineral can be associated with igneous and metamorphic rocks at Penjween, Qalat Diza and Rawandouz vicinities, besides, radioactive minerals like uranium and thorium. Moreover, large and long thrust fault has developed along the northern and northeastern parts of the Kurdistan Region. Along the plane of this huge thrust fault, hydrothermal liquids have deposited different metallic minerals as showings, especially between Zakho and Amadiyah towns. We have presented and discussed the discipline of mineral investment in Kurdistan Region, the announced minerals’ blocks for investment by the Ministry of Natural Resources in the Kurdistan Regional Government, the encouraging factors and obstacles of investments. To fulfill the scope of this work, we have used the best available and updated data as acquired from different sources. The main obstacles which contributed to the backwardness and non-development of the mining industry in the Kurdistan Region can be summarized in the nonexistence of a valid and promising mineral investment law which can attract the big international mining companies to invest in the region, adding to the nonexistence of comprehensive, detailed and mineral exploration studies which can give confident figures of the mineral and ore reserves in the region. The non-availability of a specialized mining education institution which prepares mining expertise and mining engineers who can lead the progress in this regard could count as another hurdle.

scholarly journals Factors and Objectives of Sustainable Development at the Implementation of Digital Technologies and Automated Systems in the Mining Industry

2020 ◽  
Vol 174 ◽  
pp. 04023 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Myaskov ◽  
Igor Temkin ◽  
Sergey Deryabin ◽  
Dora Marinova
Keyword(s):  
Underground Mining ◽  
Mineral Exploration ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Hydraulic Regime ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Initial Work ◽  
Main Production ◽  
Environmental Integrity

Mining inevitably violates the natural environment. The consequences of its functioning for the environment are diverse at different stages of the life of the enterprise. During mineral exploration, environmental damage is generally negligible, localized, and can be relatively easily repaired. Subsequent initial work, both with open pit and underground mining methods, has a more significant impact on the environment, but still less significant than with the development itself. During extraction and enrichment, the main production process, the most noticeable consequences are violation of land resources, pollution by wastewater, changes in hydraulic regime and composition of atmospheric air. The key factor, of course, is not how much land is used for any particular activity, but whether this use can be compatible with maintaining environmental integrity.

Coal mining-disturbed land reclamation laws

2020 ◽  
pp. 15-26
Author(s):  
T. V. Galanina ◽  
M. I. Baumgarten ◽  
T. G. Koroleva
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Land Reclamation ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Soil Disturbance ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Open Pit Mining ◽  
Disturbed Land ◽  
Critical Problems ◽  
Production Output

Large-scale mining disturbs wide areas of land. The development program for the mining industry, with an expected considerable increase in production output, aggravates the problem with even vaster territories exposed to the adverse anthropogenic impact. Recovery of mining-induced ecosystems in the mineral-extracting regions becomes the top priority objective. There are many restoration mechanisms, and they should be used in integration and be highly technologically intensive as the environmental impact is many-sided. This involves pollution of water, generation of much waste and soil disturbance which is the most typical of open pit mining. Scale disturbance of land, withdrawal of farming land, land pollution and littering are critical problems to the solved in the first place. One of the way outs is highquality reclamation. This article reviews the effective rules and regulations on reclamation. The mechanism is proposed for the legal control of disturbed land reclamation on a regional and federal level. Highly technologically intensive recovery of mining-induced landscape will be backed up by the natural environment restoration strategy proposed in the Disturbed Land Reclamation Concept.

Upernavik 98: reconnaissance mineral exploration in North-West Greenland

1999 ◽  
pp. 39-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bjørn Thomassen ◽  
Johannes Kyed ◽  
Agnete Steenfelt ◽  
Tapani Tukiainen
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Exploration ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Geological Survey ◽  
Original Series ◽  
West Greenland ◽  
North West ◽  
One Year

NOTE: This article was published in a former series of GEUS Bulletin. Please use the original series name when citing this article, for example: Thomassen, B., Kyed, J., Steenfelt, A., & Tukiainen, T. (1999). Upernavik 98: reconnaissance mineral exploration in North-West Greenland. Geology of Greenland Survey Bulletin, 183, 39-45. https://doi.org/10.34194/ggub.v183.5203 _______________ The Upernavik 98 project is a one-year project aimed at the acquisition of information on mineral occurrences and potential in North-West Greenland between Upernavik and Kap Seddon, i.e. from 72°30′ to 75°30′N (Fig. 1A). A similar project, Karrat 97, was carried out in 1997 in the Uummannaq region 70°30′–72°30′N (Steenfelt et al. 1998a). Both are joint projects between the Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland (GEUS) and the Bureau of Minerals and Petroleum (BMP), Government of Greenland, and wholly funded by the latter. The main purpose of the projects is to attract the interest of the mining industry. The field work comprised systematic drainage sampling, reconnaissance mineral exploration and spectroradiometric measurements of rock surfaces.

Qaanaaq 2001: mineral exploration reconnaissance in North-West Greenland

2002 ◽  
pp. 133-143
Author(s):  
Bjørn Thomassen ◽  
Peter R. Dawes ◽  
Agnete Steenfelt ◽  
Johan Ditlev Krebs
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Exploration ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Original Series ◽  
West Greenland ◽  
North West ◽  
Ice Caps ◽  
High Plateau ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Inland Ice

NOTE: This article was published in a former series of GEUS Bulletin. Please use the original series name when citing this article, for example: Thomassen, B., Dawes, P. R., Steenfelt, A., & Krebs, J. D. (2002). Qaanaaq 2001: mineral exploration reconnaissance in North-West Greenland. Geology of Greenland Survey Bulletin, 191, 133-143. https://doi.org/10.34194/ggub.v191.5141 _______________ Project Qaanaaq 2001, involving one season’s field work, was set up to investigate the mineral occurrences and potential of North-West Greenland between Olrik Fjord and Kap Alexander (77°10´N – 78°10´N; Fig. 1). Organised by the Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland (GEUS) and the Bureau of Minerals and Petroleum (BMP), Government of Greenland, the project is mainly funded by the latter and has the overall goal of attracting the interest of the mining industry to the region. The investigated region – herein referred to as the Qaanaaq region – comprises 4300 km2 of ice-free land centred on Qaanaaq, the administrative capital of Qaanaap (Thule) municipality. Much of the region is characterised by a 500–800 m high plateau capped by local ice caps and intersected by fjords and glaciers. High dissected terrain occurs in Northumberland Ø and in the hinterland of Prudhoe Land where nunataks are common along the margin of the Inland Ice.

scholarly journals A GIS Software Module for Environmental Impact Assessment of the Open Pit Mining Projects for Small Mining Operators in Kazakhstan

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 6971
Author(s):  
Mikhail Zarubin ◽  
Larissa Statsenko ◽  
Pavel Spiridonov ◽  
Venera Zarubina ◽  
Noune Melkoumian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Impact Assessment ◽  
Environmental Impact Assessment ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Open Pit Mining ◽  
Software Module ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Open Pit Mines ◽  
Gis Software

This research article presents a software module for the environmental impact assessment (EIA) of open pit mines. The EIA software module has been developed based on the comprehensive examination of both country-specific (namely, Kazakhstan) and current international regulatory frameworks, legislation and EIA methodologies. EIA frameworks and methods have been critically evaluated, and mathematical models have been developed and implemented in the GIS software module ‘3D Quarry’. The proposed methodology and software module allows for optimised EIA calculations of open pit mines, aiming to minimise the negative impacts on the environment. The study presents an original methodology laid out as a basis for a software module for environmental impact assessment on atmosphere, water basins, soil and subsoil, tailored to the context of mining operations in Kazakhstan. The proposed software module offers an alternative to commercial off-the-shelf software packages currently used in the mining industry and is suitable for small mining operators in post-Soviet countries. It is anticipated that applications of the proposed software module will enable the transition to sustainable development in the Kazakh mining industry.

Iron Ore Tailing as Addition to Partial Replacement of Portland Cement

2018 ◽  
Vol 930 ◽  
pp. 125-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciano Fernandes de Magalhães ◽  
Isabella de Souza Morais ◽  
Luis Felipe dos Santos Lara ◽  
Domingos Sávio de Resende ◽  
Raquel Maria Rocha Oliveira Menezes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Portland Cement ◽  
Iron Ore ◽  
Mineral Exploration ◽  
Planetary Mill ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Compression Tests ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Open Pit Mines ◽  
Iron Ore Tailing

The manufacture of Portland cement used in the production of concrete emits large amounts of CO2into the atmosphere, contributing to the increase of the greenhouse effect. The environmental impact generated by the mineral exploration activity is a problem of easy verification, especially in open pit mines. The present work evaluated the possibility of using iron ore tailing as an addition to the partial replacement of the cement in mortars. The iron ore tailings were processed by drying in oven (48h at 105oC) and milling in a planetary mill (10min at 300RPM), obtaining medium grain size of 14,13 μm. For the characterization, laser granulometry, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and differential thermal and thermogravimetric analysis (DTA / TGA) were performed. The sample is composed predominantly by quartz, hematite, goethite and gibbsite. After the characterization, the waste was used in the preparation of test specimens, with 10, 20 and 30% weight substitution of the cement. The composites were submitted to compression tests, with ages of 3, 7 and 28 days, using a strength rate of 0,25MPa/s. The mortars with 10, 20 and 30% of substitution presented resistance of 41.65, 36.26 and 31.64 MPa, being able to be characterized as category of Portland cement of resistance 40, 32 and 25 respectively. Considering the reduction of cement in the mortars produced, the results of compressive strength were relevant for the substitutions. The cements produced with the substitutions according to the Brazilian standards under the mechanical aspect can be classified as Portland cement.

scholarly journals Modern Solution for Fast and Accurate Inventorization of Open-Pit Mines by the Active Remote Sensing Technique—Case Study of Mikoszów Granite Mine (Lower Silesia, SW Poland)

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (20) ◽  
pp. 6853
Author(s):  
Jaroslaw Wajs ◽  
Paweł Trybała ◽  
Justyna Górniak-Zimroz ◽  
Joanna Krupa-Kurzynowska ◽  
Damian Kasza
Keyword(s):  
Computer Software ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Ground Surface ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Buffer Zones ◽  
Sw Poland ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Cloud Of Points ◽  
Lower Silesia

Mining industry faces new technological and economic challenges which need to be overcome in order to raise it to a new technological level in accordance with the ideas of Industry 4.0. Mining companies are searching for new possibilities of optimizing and automating processes, as well as for using digital technology and modern computer software to aid technological processes. Every stage of deposit management requires mining engineers, geologists, surveyors, and environment protection specialists who are involved in acquiring, storing, processing, and sharing data related to the parameters describing the deposit, its exploitation and the environment. These data include inter alia: geometries of the deposit, of the excavations, of the overburden and of the mined mineral, borders of the support pillars and of the buffer zones, mining advancements with respect to the set borders, effects of mining activities on the ground surface, documentation of landslide hazards and of the impact of mining operations on the selected elements of the environment. Therefore, over the life cycle of a deposit, modern digital technological solutions should be implemented in order to automate the processes of acquiring, sharing, processing and analyzing data related to deposit management. In accordance with this idea, the article describes the results of a measurement experiment performed in the Mikoszów open-pit granite mine (Lower Silesia, SW Poland) with the use of mobile LiDAR systems. The technology combines active sensors with automatic and global navigation system synchronized on a mobile platform in order to generate an accurate and precise geospatial 3D cloud of points.

Assessing the mechanical stability of horizontal boreholes in coal

2007 ◽  
Vol 44 (7) ◽  
pp. 797-813 ◽  
Author(s):  
C D Hawkes
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Stability ◽  
Petroleum Industry ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Directional Drilling ◽  
Vertical Wells ◽  
Borehole Stability ◽  
Linear Elastic ◽  
Geophysical Logs ◽  
Coal Reserves

Horizontal wells are used in some geological settings in the petroleum industry to produce methane from coal seams. Horizontal directional drilling is used in the mining industry to enhance the effectiveness of coal degasification procedures and to aid in the delineation of coal reserves. Coals tend to be mechanically weak, hence they are prone to borehole instability related problems during drilling, completion, and production operations. This paper includes a review of the mechanical properties of selected coals and provides two empirical cross-plots that can be used for estimating coal strength from index tests and geophysical logs. Linear elastic borehole stability models are demonstrated to be appealing because they are easily implemented, require a minimum of input data, and are well suited to rapid parameter sensitivity analyses. Using experience obtained drilling vertical wells in a given setting, a methodology is described for calibrating linear elastic models to provide realistic borehole stability predictions. Furthermore, as demonstrated using a western Canadian example (a shallow well in the Ardley coal zone), relatively simple elastoplastic models can be used effectively for borehole stability analyses. The important effects of filter cake, coal depth, and rock strength anisotropy are demonstrated with two different elastoplastic models.Key words: borehole stability, coal, methane, directional drilling, strength, stress.

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